Deconvolution algorithm based on automatic cutoff frequency selection for EPR imaging.

The large line-width associated with electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) requires effective algorithms to deconvolve the true spatial profiles of spins from the measured projection data. The commonly used Fourier transform (FT) deconvolution algorithm is easy to implement but suffers from the division-by-zero problem. As a result, a couple of parameters are used to control the deconvolution performance. However, this is inconvenient and the deconvolution results are subject to the experience of the operators. In the present work we examined FT deconvolution for EPRI, and proposed an automatic algorithm to determine the cutoff frequency by calculating the piecewise variance of the division result of the Fourier amplitude spectra. The deconvolution algorithm and the filtered back-projection image reconstruction algorithm were implemented and validated using 3D phantom and in vivo imaging data. It was clearly observed that the image resolution improved after deconvolution with the proposed algorithm.     

多层螺旋CT的容积重建技术在胸廓骨折诊断中的应用

目的 评价多层螺旋CT（MSCT）的容积重建（VR）技术在诊断胸廓骨折中的价值.方法 对350例胸部外伤病例作MSCT扫描,从中随机抽取80例作VR成像与普通X线平片进行回顾性分析,比较两种检查方法在胸廓骨折诊断中的实效性、敏感度及准确度.结果MSCT的VR技术诊断肋骨骨折、胸椎横突骨折、胸骨骨折以及胸锁关节脱位与半脱位的实效性、敏感度和准确度均显著高于普通X线平片（P＜0.01）.结论 MSCT的VR技术是诊断胸廓骨折的最佳方法.     

良恶性胸腔积液的CT特征

目的 分析良恶性胸腔积液及胸膜增厚的cT表现，探讨两者间的不同特点。方法 分析145例经临床及病理证实的良恶性胸腔积液（良性68例，恶性77例）的CT征象。结果 145例胸腔积液中有115例伴有不同程度的胸膜增厚，根据其形态的不同可分为6种类型（恶性4型，良性2型）。结论 仅凭胸腔积液的密度不能区别其良恶性，胸膜的增厚有鉴别诊断意义，恶性胸腔积液的特点为胸膜明显增厚，一般大于10mm，且厚薄不均匀。良性胸膜增厚较轻，多小于10mm，且均匀一致。     

膝关节超声检查手法及正常声像图

目的探讨高频超声检查膝关节的临床价值.材料和方法在离体肢体超声观察的基础上,研究30例正常健康人膝关节,并在此基础上应用于36例患者.结果应用合适手法,高频超声能清晰显示膝关节及其附属结构,并能清晰显示半月板损伤,髌韧带及交叉韧带撕裂.结论超声是评价膝关节无创性的简便、实用方法.     

Moss Miami内固定系统后路治疗胸腰椎骨折

目的探讨Moss Miami系统后路治疗胸腰椎骨折的经验。方法对收治的15例胸腰椎骨折病人应用Moss Miami钉棒系统后路进行复位固定。结果15例患者术中均获得良好复位,术中术后无死亡及神经损伤。平均随访11.5个月,矫正角丢失<5°;9例不全瘫病人,术后神经功能完全恢复3例,部分改善6例。结论Moss Miami内固定系统具有良好的复位和固定作用,术后维持复位效果良好,是治疗胸腰椎骨折有效治疗方法之一。     

营养补充品中刺激剂的分析测定

介绍营养补充品中刺激剂的毛细管气相色谱和气相色谱质谱联用检测方法.试样采用碱提,液-液分配提取,以HP-5毛细管柱为分离柱,用氮磷检测器测定.实验结果表明:该方法操作简便,分析速度快,结果可靠.添加平均回收率为75.4%～143.1%,相对标准偏差为0.27%～5.5%,检出限为5～40μg/L.     

髓细胞白血病β—catenin表达及与外源性Wnt5a的作用关系

目的调查β-catenin在髓细胞白血病标本及细胞株中的表达,明确外源性Wnt5a与K562细胞β-catenin表达的关系。方法首先以RT-PCR和免疫组化检测β-catenin在髓细胞白血病标本及细胞株中的表达,再以Wnt5a条件培养液处理K562细胞,然后用Westernblot检测β-catenin表达变化。结果β-catenin在髓细胞系白血病标本及细胞株中有普遍表达,但外源性Wnt5a不能明显下调K562细胞β-catenin表达。结论外源性Wnt5a对K562细胞Wnt／β-catenin信号传导途径无明显抑制作用。     

TNFSF9在原发性胆汁性肝硬化的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)患者血清TNFSF9的浓度变化及其临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测42例PBC患者及与之配对的健康人血清中TNFSF9水平,并分析PBC患者血清TNFSF9与TBIL、γ-GT的关系。结果 PBC患者血清TNFSF9水平(1102.45±294.48)ng/L比健康对照组(123.67±62.60)ng/L显著增高,且与TBIL呈显著正相关(γs=0.549,P=0.000),但与γ-GT的相关性没有统计学意义(γs=0.291,P=0.062)。结论 TNFSF9可能参与了PBC的发病机制,可能是一个潜在的治疗靶点。     

The effectiveness of multidisciplinary care models for patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Aim

To assess the efficacy of the multidisciplinary care (MDC) model for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Background

The MDC model has been used in clinical practice for years, but the effectiveness of the MDC model for patients with CKD remains controversial.

Methods

Embase, PubMed, Medline, the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were used to search for relevant articles. Only randomized controlled trials and cohort studies were pooled. Two independent authors assessed all articles and extracted the data. The efficacy was estimated from the odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals. A random effects model was used according to the heterogeneity.

Results

Twenty-one studies including 10,284 participants were analyzed. Compared with the non-MDC group, MDC was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality and lower hospitalization rates for patients with CKD. In addition, MDC also resulted in a slower eGFR decline and reduced temporary catheterization for patients receiving dialysis. However, according to the subgroup analysis, the lower rates of all-cause mortality in the MDC group were observed only in patients in stage 4–5 and when the staff of the MDC consisted of nephrologists, nurse specialists and professionals from other fields. The most prominent effect of reducing the hospitalization rates was also observed in patients with stage 4–5 but not in patients with stage 4–5 CKD.

Conclusions

MDC can lower the all-cause mortality of patients with CKD, reduce temporary catheterization for patients receiving dialysis, decrease the hospitalization rate, and slow the eGFR decline. Moreover, the reduction in all-cause mortality crucially depends on the professionals comprising the MDC staff and the stage of CKD in patients. In addition, the CKD stage influences the hospitalization rates.

     

腹腔镜侧方淋巴结清扫术治疗中低位直肠癌48例疗效分析

目的评估保留自主神经的腹腔镜侧方淋巴结清扫术在治疗中低位直肠癌的疗效。 方法回顾分析2011年6月至2016年12月接受腹腔镜侧方淋巴结清扫手术的48例直肠癌患者的临床资料,记录患者的手术相关情况、术后功能恢复情况及影响侧方淋巴结转移的肿瘤病理学因素,分析患者的预后情况并作统计学分析。数据采用SPSS 19. 0统计软件包分析,术中术后计量资料用均数±标准差表示,采用t检验;患者的临床特点及病理因素与侧方淋巴结转移的关系,采用χ²检验,P<0.05表示差异具有统计学意义。 结果手术时间为(245.7±46.7) min,术中出血量为(223.7±66.0) ml,平均住院时间(8.3±1.4) d、术后排气时间(3.8±0.8) d。13例(27.1%)患者出现短暂轻—中度排尿功能障碍,23例(47.9%)出现性功能障碍。41例患者发生周围淋巴结转移,15例(31.3%)侧方淋巴结转移;共清扫出648枚淋巴结,阳性304枚,侧方淋巴结转移33枚(5.1%),转移率与侧方淋巴结直径、病理类型及TNM分期相关。随访40个月,36例患者术后生存,15例局部复发,12例死亡;3例患者带瘤生存,33例无瘤生存;有侧方淋巴结转移组患者的预后比无侧方转移患者差。 结论腹腔镜侧方淋巴结清扫术治疗中低位直肠癌中是安全、可行的,可有效改善预后;保留自主神经能有效保护性功能、排尿功能。