术后患者肠道吸收乳果糖、甘露醇的变化与创伤程度的关系

目的 测定手术后患者肠道对甘露醇和乳果糖吸收的变化,并研究这些变化与手术应激程度的关系。方法 用小剂量乳果糖（ｌａｃｔｕｌｏｓｅ,Ｌ,２ｇ）和甘露醇（ｍａｎｎｉｔｏｌ,Ｍ,１ｇ）的方法测定２０例腹部手术患者术前,术后第５第和１０天乳果糖／甘露醇比值（Ｌ／Ｍ比值）的变化。用急性生理和慢性健康状况评分方法Ⅱ（ＡＰＡＣＨＥⅡ）对患者的创伤程度进行评分。用带电化学检测器的高压液相色谱仪测定尿中的乳果糖和甘     

Early and delayed cardioprotection by heat stress is mediated by calcitonin gene-related peptide

Brief ischaemia or heat stress protects the myocardium against ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Heat stimulus evokes release of sensory nerve transmitters, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Since CGRP has been shown to play an important role in the mediation of ischaemic preconditioning, the present study examined whether early or delayed preconditioning induced by retrograde hyperthermic perfusion in vitro or by whole-body hyperthemia in vivo also involves endogenous CGRP. Isolated rat hearts were perfused in the Langendorff mode and subjected to 30 min global ischaemia and 30 min reperfusion. Heart rate, coronary flow, left ventricular pressure and its first derivatives (±dp/dt) were recorded and the CGRP-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) content and the release of creatine kinase (CK) during reperfusion were measured. Retrograde hyperthermic perfusion (42 °C) for 5 min improved the recovery of cardiac function, decreased the release of CK and elevated the content of CGRP-LI in the coronary effluent. CGRP_8–37 (10^–7 mol/l), a selective CGRP receptor antagonist, abolished the cardioprotection by heat stress. Pretreatment with capsaicin (50 mg/kg s.c.), which specifically depletes sensory nerve transmitter content, abolished both the cardioprotection and the increased release of CGRP-LI. Whole-body hyperthermia (42 °C for 15 min) caused an increase in the plasma concentration of CGRP-LI. Early or delayed protection was shown in the hearts obtained from the animals subjected to whole-body hyperthermia 10 min or 48 h before the experiments. The early or delayed protection by heat stress was also abolished by pretreatment with capsaicin. The present study suggests that, in the rat, the early and delayed cardioprotection induced by heat stress involves endogenous CGRP. Received: 31 December 1998 / Accepted: 6 April 1999     

Poisoning by Datura leaves used as edible wild vegetables.

The causes of Datura intoxication include medication overdose, misuse of edible vegetables, deliberate abuse as a hallucinogen, homicidal or robbery and accidental intoxication from contaminated food. We report an incident of 14 people with Datura intoxication caused by ingesting wild Datura suaveolans for food. The incubation period was 15 to 30 min. The symptoms/signs were dizziness, dry mouth, flushed skin, palpitation, nausea, drowsiness, tachycardia, blurred vision, mydriasis, hyperthermia, disorientation, vomiting, agitation, delirium, urine retention, hypertension and coma. Three patients were hospitalized for 2-3 days. Thirteen persons received supportive fluid therapy. One patient did not receive medical therapy, he induced vomiting and drank a lot of water. Four patients presented with delirium/coma and 3 received physostigmine therapy with good response. One patient was intubated because of coma and respiratory depression. Three persons needed Foley catheterization for urine retention or coma status. One patient had a complication of urinary tract infection and antibiotic management. All patients recovered with no sequelae.     

控制性超排卵长、短方案在IVF-ET中的疗效比较

目的:比较促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRHa)长、短方案控制性超排卵在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)中的疗效。方法:将2001年7月-2002年4月因双侧输卵管梗阻IVF-ET的患者100人随机分为长方案组(50人)和短方案组(50人)进行超排卵。长方案组从使用促性腺激素(Gn)治疗前1月经周期黄体期(月经21天)使用GnRHa 0.3mg/d,至垂体完全降调节后加用Gn;短方案组从月经周期第2天开始用GnRHa0.1mg/d,同时加用Gn。当患者有3个以上卵泡直径>18mm时肌肉注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG),36小时后取卵行IVF,取卵48小时后行ET。结果:两组患者平均获卵数、受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、移植胚胎数、临床妊娠率、胚胎种植率及流产率差异无显著性。而两者的Gn使用量有差别,短方案组少于长方案组,两组差异有显著性。两组用Gn第7天雌激素水平不同,短方案组明显高于长方案组,两者差异有显著性。结论:GnRHa长、短方案在IVF-ET中控制性超排卵效果相同,但所需Gn数量不同。     

高温热疗加放射粒子植入及化疗治疗转移性盆腔肿瘤

目的观察高温热疗加放射粒子植入及化疗治疗转移性盆腔肿瘤的疗效.方法将转移性盆腔肿瘤患者分为A、B两组,A组19例,B组22例.A组给予射频加热的同时从电极处灌注2.5%的盐水以扩大肿瘤凝固性坏死的范围.不能热疗的肿瘤边缘组织内植入碘-125粒子.术后第15天开始化疗.奥沙利铂100 mg/m2,静脉滴注,第1天;CF 200 mg/m2,在5-Fu滴注前经静脉滴注2 h,继以5-Fu 200 mg/m2经静脉推注,5-Fu 400 mg/m2经静脉滴注22 h,连续5 d,3周为1周期.B组只给予化疗,化疗用药、剂量及天数与A组相同.结果第6个周期末,A组与B组的有效率分别为84.2%和36.4%,两组有效率比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01).两组的毒副反应发生率差异无显著性.结论高温热疗加放射粒子植入及化疗治疗转移性盆腔肿瘤的近期疗效好,并发症少.     

HPLC法测定清热除湿合剂中黄芩苷的含量

目的:建立HPLC法测定清热除湿合剂中黄芩苷的含量。方法:用Supelcosil LC-18-DB(4.6mm×150 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,流动相:甲醇-水-磷酸溶液(48:52:0.2),流速1.0ml·min-1,检测波长280 nm。结果:黄芩苷在0.237～9.472μg范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,回归方程为A=1.332×104 1.456×105C(r=0.999 9,n=7),平均加样回收率为100.48%,RSD为1.06%。结论:本法测定简便,结果准确,重现性和分离度好,可用于清热除湿合剂的质量控制。