Immunogenicity,safety and reactogenicity of ROTAVAC® in healthy infants aged 6–8 weeks in Vietnam

BackgroundROTAVAC® is derived from human 116E rotavirus (RV) neonatal strain. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity, safety and reactogenicity of ROTAVAC® in Vietnam.MethodWe conducted a phase IV clinical trial in healthy infants aged 6–8 weeks using the complete regimen of ROTAVAC® with three doses. Serum anti-RV IgA was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to assess the geometric mean concentration in infants who received the complete regimen of the vaccine.ResultsA total of 360 participants were enrolled in this clinical trial. The mean age ± standard deviation at enrollment was 6.9 ± 0.6 weeks. The anti-RV IgA titer was 4.01 ± 3.74 mg/ml pre-vaccination and substantially increased to 29.27 ± 80.64 mg/ml post-vaccination. The value of logIgA significantly increased (p = 0.003) from 0.28 ± 0.79 to 1.03 ± 0.54. The proportion of participants with equal to and greater than 3-fold and 4-fold shifts in pre- to post-vaccination antibody titer (IgA) were 55.4% and 48.3%, respectively. No adverse events or serious adverse events were recorded immediately within 30 min after the administration of each dose. The most common adverse events within 14 days after each visit were fever, unusual crying and irritability. Other adverse events occurred at a low rate, and no case of intussusception was noted.ConclusionsThe complete regimen of ROTAVAC® demonstrated an immunological response with clinically acceptable safety profile. Post-completion of this study, ROTAVAC® is now a WHO-prequalified vaccine and available in Vietnam.     

股骨近端髓内钉三维导航器的研制与测试

目的研发一种专用于防旋型股骨近端髓内钉置入时的三维导航器。方法选取颈干角为(135±5)°,并且股骨大转子顶点基本与股骨头中心等高的人体股骨骨骼的干标本32例,其中左侧16例,右侧16例。通过股骨头中心、平行于股骨干、垂直于股骨干与股骨颈所在的平面用钢锯将股骨标本的股骨头进行截骨;在股骨大粗隆顶端开口向股骨近端髓腔内插入PFNA主钉,主钉钉尾与股骨头中心点在同一高度上。在本课题所研发的股骨近端髓内钉三维导航器的导引下向股骨头颈部打入动力钉导引针,测量动力钉导引针在股骨头截骨面上的出针点与经股骨头中心点直线的垂直距离作为偏离值。结果利用本课题所研制的三维立体导航器在32例股骨骨骼的干标本上置入导引针,其中14例偏离值为0(占43.75%),最大偏离值为2mm,仅3例(占9.375%),平均误差只有0.69mm。结论本课题所研制的导航器结构简单,操作简便,定位精确,值得进一步在临床上研究应用。     

Why do A.T base pairs inhibit Z-DNA formation?

We have carried out free energy perturbation calculations on DNA double-stranded hexanucleotides. The sequence d(CGCGCG)2 has been "mutated" into d(CGTGCG).d(CGCACG) with the oligonucleotide in the A, B, and Z structural forms, both in vacuo and in aqueous solution. In addition, model free energy calculations have been carried out in which the electrostatic charges of the H-bonding groups of the bases in the major and minor grooves of the DNA are reduced to zero as a way of assessing the relative solvation effects of these groups in the different structural forms of DNA. Finally, energy component analyses have been carried out to assess the relative roles of different intranucleotide interactions on the B----Z equilibrium as a function of base sequence. In vacuo, the free energy for changing a G.C to an A.T base pair is largest in the Z conformation; in the A and B conformations, the free energy cost is approximately 2 kcal/mol lower (1 cal = 4.184 J). The results are similar when the simulations are run in explicit solvent: the change costs 3 kcal/mol more in the Z conformation than in the B form. These results are consistent with experimental data, where it is clear that A.T sequences are significantly more "Z-phobic" than G.C sequences. The calculations indicate that both intranucleotide and solvation interactions contribute to this Z-phobicity.     

HPLC-ELSD及紫外分光光度法测定三七中皂苷的含量

采用反相高效液相色谱蒸发激光散射检测器测定三七中人参皂苷Rg1的含量。色谱柱为CLC-ODS(6．0mm×150mm),流动相为乙腈-水(3070),蒸发激光散射检测器。定量方法简单,准确。回收率为100．50％,RSD为1．82％。并用紫外分光光度法测定了三七中总皂苷的含量,结果和HPLC法基本一致,说明该方法定量准确,回收率为101．50％,RSD为1．44％。结论认为两方法均可以控制三七的质量。     

Identification of residues linked to the slow-->fast transition of thrombin.

Residues energetically linked to the allosteric transition of thrombin from its anticoagulant slow form to the procoagulant fast form have been identified by site-directed mutagenesis. The energetics of recognition by the two forms of the enzyme were probed by using a synthetic chromogenic substrate, fibrinogen, and hirudin. The thrombin residues E39, W60d, E192, D221, and D222 are linked to the slow-->fast transition and are part of an "allosteric core" through which events originating at the Na+ binding loop propagate to other regions of the enzyme. The thrombin residues Y76, W96, W148, and R173 lie at the periphery of the allosteric core, affect recognition of fibrinogen and hirudin to the same extent in both forms, and are not linked to the slow-->fast transition.     

院内和社区获得性军团菌肺炎71例临床分析

为提高对院内军团菌肺炎（ＮＡＬＰ）和社区获得性军团菌肺炎（ＣＡＬＰ）的认识,分析了１８例ＮＡＬＰ和５３例ＣＡＬＰ。结果表明,ＮＡＬＰ和ＣＡＬＰ均多见于５０岁以上男性,临床表现和胸部Ｘ线特征相似,呼吸衰竭是两者最常见的并发症。ＮＡＬＰ多有危险因素,病死率明显高于ＣＡＬＰ。ＮＡＬＰ感染军团菌以ＬＰ１（嗜肺军团菌血清Ⅰ型）、ＬＰ６多见,而ＣＡＬＰ以ＬＰ１２多见。     

乙状窦形态学研究

目的探讨硬脑膜静脉窦的组织结构.方法运用组织化学、ABC免疫组织化学和电镜技术对家兔各部的静脉窦加以研究.结果硬脑膜静脉窦有平滑肌存在,其存在部位分布在乙状窦,其它部位未有发现,并且证实了所存在的这些平滑肌接受胆碱能神经纤维的支配.结论有平滑肌的硬脑膜静脉窦可参与对颅内容量的调节.     

急性硬膜下血肿预后因素分析

目的 探讨CT征象、GCS评分、瞳孔变化、手术时机、血压、年龄、血糖、血白细胞计数和并发症对96例急性硬膜下血肿手术患者预后因素的影响。方法 对我科96例急性硬膜下血肿手术患者预后影响因素进行回顾性分析。结果 按COS标准，恢复良好46．9％，中度残疾9．4％，重度残疾6．3％，持续性植物生存5．2％，死亡32．2％。结论 CT征象、GCS评分、瞳孔变化、手术时机、血压、年龄、血糖、血白细胞和并发症是评价急性硬膜下血肿预后的可靠指标。及时、正确清除血肿，标准去骨瓣减压，维持正常血压，控制血糖和防治并发症，能有效改善急性硬膜下血肿患者预后，也是降低患者死残率的最有效措施。     

半夏毒性的研究进展

对国内外有关半夏毒性的研究进行了回顾和总结，认为生半夏是有毒的，并可能有致畸和致突变作用，炮制后的半夏毒性降低。