葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及药敏分析

目的：了解不同种类葡萄球菌在本院临床标本中的感染情况及耐药性，为临床治疗和控制此类感染提供参考。方法：采用VITEK-AMS GPI卡进行鉴定，纸片扩散法(NCCLS)及GPS卡进行药敏实验、β内酰胺酶测定和MRS检测，并结合临床资料进行分析。结果：总共3753株感染菌中822株为葡萄球菌(21．90％)，其中金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)322株(39．17％)，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)500株(60．83％)。SA中293株(90．99％)产生β内酰胺酶，苯唑西林耐药者(MRSA)183株(56．83％)；CNS中450株(90．00％)产生β内酰胺酶，苯唑西林耐药的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)350株(70．00％)。结论：葡萄球菌特别是凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌是临床感染的主要致病菌之一；万古霉素是有效治疗苯唑西林耐药的葡萄球菌(MRS)的唯一可选药物；合理使用抗生素对治疗和控制感染至关重要。     

成年人智力发育与年龄和教育的关系

本文对韦氏成人智力量表中国修订本２５岁及其以上成年人城乡样本共１９７６人在校正各年龄组的文化程度以后，比较了年龄和教育因素对成年人智力发展的影响。结果发现：与晶体智力有关的测验成绩并不随年龄增大而下降，某些测验（如知识；领悟等）甚至呈上升趋势；与流体智力有关的测验成绩随年龄的增大而下降；而测量精神运动速度（数字符号测验）的成绩受年龄影响最为明显。看来流体－晶体智力理论能较好地解释成年人的典型智力发     

Dynamic observations on NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFNγ productionin vitro in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Summary In order to study the immune function of patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), we assayed NK cell cytotoxicity against K⁵⁶² targets in 40 patients on MHD, and the production of IL-2 and IFN in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after PHA stimulation, in contrast to those in normal controls. The results showed that NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFN levels were markedly lower in the patients than in the controls. Afeter a single dialysis, NK cell activity as well as IL-2 and IFN levels were elevated to different extent. But there was no significant change in patients after long-term dialysis. There was a positive correlation between the NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFN activity in the controls, but no such correlation was found in the patients on MHD. There was a positive correlation between the NK cell activity and IL-2 activity in patients after dialysis, suggesting that immune function were impaired in the patients on MHD, with a decline in the activity of NK cell and IL-2 and IFN, and a disorder of immune regulation cycle. These abnormal immune impairments in the patients could be partly corrected by hemodialysis. However, long-term hemodialysis is not much helpful in the improvement of patient’s immune function.     

吸食海洛因患者血浆中心钠素的变化

本文研究了57例吸食海洛因患者血浆ANF浓度变化,并与健康对照组进行比较结果显示海洛因成瘾组显著高于对照组(P<0.01),作者认为测定血浆ANF水平可以作为海洛因对心肌损害的一种判断指标。     

Dissolving agents of human mixed cholesterol stones

Methyl tert-butyl ether which is a powerful cholesterol monohydrate solvent does not completely dissolve mixed cholesterol gallstones when directly infused into the biliary tree. In this work, we compared the effect of various solvents containing different proportions of methyl tert-butyl ether and dimethylsulfoxide in anhydrous and aqueous systems on the in vitro solubilization of human cholesterol stones. The dissolution rates of cholesterol obtained in the presence of methyl tert-butyl ether was markedly decreased when 10 p. 100 water was added. In contrast, the addition of dimethylsulfoxide (30 p. 100) to methyl tert-butyl ether-water system enhanced the stone-solvent contact, improved the cholesterol dissolution rates and left less stone debris. A subsequent dissolution with an alkaline, pH = 8.8, aqueous dimethylsulfoxide-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution strongly reduced the non cholesterol residues. In vivo, nearly complete dissolution of human cholesterol stones implanted in the gallbladder of rabbits was obtained within 8 hours when methyl tert-butyl ether/dimethylsulfoxide (70/30) solvent was infused at a rate of 0.6 ml/h/kg. With methyl tert-butyl ether, only 84 p. 100 of the original stone weight was dissolved. The infusion of these solvents leads to morphological changes in the gallbladder wall with some focal ulcerations. These alterations can be almost completely recovered after two weeks. No histologic evidence of hepatic, duodenal or renal damage was found. We conclude that the mixture methyl tert-butyl ether/dimethylsulfoxide (70/30) constitutes a good solvent for mixed cholesterol stones. Compared with pure methyl tert-butyl ether, the mixed system allows for a more rapid and a more complete dissolution of gallstones.     

胰十二指肠切除术的几点技术改进(附12例报告)

作者对胰十二指肠切除术做了四点技术改进：①经小肠系膜根部后方十二指肠水平段隧道提取空肠至横结肠上区，再做吻合；②经结肠后行十二指肠或胃与空肠端侧吻合术；③放置２５～３０ｃｍ长的胰管支撑内引流管；④经胃窦前壁通过幽门及吻合口放置空肠营养管。文内对上述改进的技术进行了详细的介绍，并阐述了每项技术的优点和意义。     

锌离子对大鼠海马突触体Ca^2＋—Mg^2＋ATP酶活性及蛋白合成的影响

行为实验己经证明，锌过多或缺锌均可影响脑功能。锌作为体内重要的微量元素，影响多种酶的活性及蛋白质和核酸的台成。本实验通过体外分离大鼠脑海马突触体，观察不同浓度锌离子对Ca2 －Mg2 ATP酶的活性和3H－Leu掺入突触蛋白合成的影响．结果表明：1．锌离子浓度在25μmol／L时增加该酶的活性（＜0．01），并促进3H－Leur掺入蛋白质的合成（＜0．05）。2．锌离子在50,100，200μmol／L的较高浓度时对Co2 －M2 ATP酶的活性有显著的抑制作用（分别为：P＜0.05．P＜0．01，P＜0.01），仅200μmol／L对3H—Leu掺入突触蛋白合成有抑制作用。本研究提示：适量的锌对突触体功能的维持是必要的，但剂量过高则起相反作用。     

PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF PENTAGASTRIN AGAINST STRESS-INDUCED GASTRIC LESIONS IN RATS

The rats, pretreated with pentagastrin, 250 Vg/kg, daily for 7 days, were given restraint water immer sion stress for 3 hours and observed for lesion index of the gastric mucosa. The results showed that the lesion index of the pentagastrin group was sig- nificantly decreased as compared with that of the control group. Light and electron microscopically, the mucosal layer was thickened and both the chief cells and parietal cells were in an active state. This suggests that gastrin has protective effects against the stress-induced gastric lesions through its trophic action on the gastrointestinal tract.     

尖锐湿疣中乳头瘤病毒感染与P53和ki-67表达的关系

目的　探讨尖锐湿疣中乳头瘤病毒 (HPV)感染与 P5 3和 ki- 6 7的关系。　方法　采用免疫组织化学方法对 82例尖锐湿疣的 HPV感染、P5 3和 ki- 6 7的表达进行观察。　结果　 HPV阳性者 2 4例 (2 9.3% ) ,P5 3阳性表达 2 0例 (2 4 .4 % ) ,ki- 6 7阳性表达 2 1例 (2 5 .6 % )。2 4例 HPV阳性者中 ,P5 3阳性表达 10例 (41.7% ) ,ki- 6 7阳性表达 11例 (45 .8% ) ,经关联分析 ,皮损中 HPV感染与 P5 3(χ2 =4 .2 4 7,P<0 .0 5 )和 ki- 6 7(χ2 =5 .6 8,P<0 .0 5 )阳性表达均有显著关联 ;而 P5 3与 ki- 6 7两者均阳性者仅有 6例 (χ2 =0 .98,P>0 .0 5 ) ,无明显关联。　结论　在尖锐湿疣中 HPV感染伴随 P5 3和 ki- 6 7表达的增加     

抗食管癌单克隆抗体及食管癌细胞膜抗原的初步研究

以食管癌“109”细胞株免疫 BALB/C 小鼠,取其脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞株SP2/0 融合,经三次克隆化,获得稳定分泌抗食管癌“109”细胞株单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系2GF3。其分泌的单克隆2GF3抗体与外周血淋巴组胞、ABO 型红细胞、癌胚抗原以及3/5胃癌细胞株无反应,与2/5胃癌细胞株有弱(+)反应。与2GF3抗体对应的抗原为2GF3抗原,荧光标记检测表明后者主要表达在细胞膜上。用去污剂提取膜抗原进行电泳后转移至硝酸纤维素膜上进行酶标分析,2GF3抗原是分子量53KD 的糖蛋白,在还原及非还原条件下均显示相同的区带。它与抗癌胚抗原抗体及抗甲胎蛋白抗体均无反应,表明它不同于癌胚抗原和甲胎蛋白。