Neuroprotective Effect of Resveratrol on Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats Through TRPC6/CREB Pathways

Previous studies have provided evidences that resveratrol can protect the brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury; the mechanisms of its neuroprotective effects remain unknown. To investigate whether resveratrol has neuroprotective effects on ischemia and reperfusion injury and whether resveratrol exerts its neuroprotective effects through inhibition of calpain proteolysis of TRPC6, a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was employed in rats. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein levels of aII-spectrin, transient receptor potential canonical (subtype) 6 (TRPC6) and phosphorylated cAMP/Ca²⁺ response element-binding protein (p-CREB). The immunoreactivity of p-CREB and TRPC6 were measured by quantum dot-based immunofluorescence analysis. Our results showed that MCAO rats showed large cortical infarct volumes and neurological scores. By contrast, resveratrol, when applied for 7 days before MCAO onset, significantly reduced infarct volumes and enhanced neurological scores at 24 h after reperfusion, and these results were accompanied by elevated TRPC6 and p-CREB activity and decreased calpain activity. When MEK or CaMKIV activity was inhibited by the addition of PD98059 or KN62, the neuroprotective effects of resveratrol were attenuated, and we observed a correlated decrease in CREB activity. Our results demonstrated that resveratrol prevented the brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury through the TRPC6–MEK–CREB and TRPC6–CaMKIV–CREB pathways.     

盐酸环喷托酯滴眼液在儿童屈光状态检查中的应用

目的：探讨10 g/L盐酸环喷托酯滴眼液在小儿屈光状态检查中的应用。比较其与阿托品在散瞳验光中麻痹睫状肌的效果,用以指导临床工作。
　　方法：采用自身配对设计方法,对年龄3~12岁118例236眼(其中近视40例80眼,远视78例156眼,合并有散光73例146眼)先采用10 g/L盐酸环喷托酯滴眼液滴眼3次散瞳(每次间隔5min),末次点眼1h后进行检影验光。间隔3d后重新点10g/L阿托品眼膏1wk(每晚1次)重新进行散瞳检影验光。按屈光度分成近视组、远视组、散光组,其中散光度数是将柱镜度数独立分离出来统计。将两种散瞳药的验光结果进行比较。
　　结果：近视组使用两种方法散瞳验光后屈光度值分别为-2.25±1.31D,-2.23±1.32D,差异无统计学意义( P=0.109);远视组应用两种药物散瞳验光后屈光度分别为3.76±2.4D,4.39±2.6D,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);散光组应用两种药物散瞳验光后屈光度值分别为1.35±1.19D,1.38±2.00D,差异无统计学意义(P=0.374)。
　　结论：盐酸环喷托酯滴眼液可用于临床上3~12岁近视、散光儿童的散瞳验光。但在远视儿童初次就诊仍需点阿托品眼膏散瞳验光。     

氟哌啶醇与奥氮平治疗精神分裂症疗效和安全性的随机对照研究

目的比较氟哌啶醇与奥氮平治疗精神分裂症的疗效及安全性。方法将符合精神分裂症诊断标准的住院患者按照1:2比例随机分为氟哌啶醇(n=120)和奥氮平治疗组(n=252),进行为期6周的治疗观察;于基线及治疗2、4、6周末评定阳性和阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrom scale,PANSS),锥体外系副反应量表(rating scale for extrapyramdal side effects,RSESE)、静坐不能评定量表(barnes akathisia rating scale,BARS)和异常不自主运动量表(abnormal involuntary movement scale,AIMS);计算体质量指数(body mass index,BMI);基线及治疗4、6周末测定空腹血糖、血脂和肝功能等指标。结果氟哌啶醇组与奥氮平组基线PANSS总分差异无统计学意义;第6周末氟哌啶醇组PANSS总分低于奥氮平组(53.31±1.64 vs.58.05±1.02),减分率高于后者(60.63±2.86%vs.52.45±1.80%),均P<0.05;两组有效率(66.7%vs.62.7%)差异无统计学意义。第6周末氟哌啶醇组BMI较基线的变化值(0.08±0.20 kg/m2vs.0.91±0.12 kg/m2)、谷丙转氨酶异常病例数比例(16.98%vs.28.07%)均低于奥氮平组(P<0.05);第4周末氟哌啶醇组甘油三酯较基线的变化值低于奥氮平组(0.24±0.12 mmol/L vs.0.57±0.07 mmol/L),P<0.05。氟哌啶醇组锥体外系不良反应发生率(73.3%)明显高于奥氮平组(10.71%),P<0.05。结论在精神分裂症急性期,氟哌啶醇治疗有效率与奥氮平相当,对体重、血脂、转氨酶的影响较小,但锥体外系不良反应发生率较高。     

Association between oxidized low‐density lipoprotein and cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke

Background and purpose

The association between oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and cognitive impairment is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between oxLDL and cognitive impairment among patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods

We measured the levels of oxLDL and recorded the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score in patients with acute ischemic stroke who were recruited from the Study of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. Cognitive impairment was defined as an MMSE score of <24. The association between oxLDL and cognitive impairment was assessed by multivariate logistic or linear regression analysis. Other clinical variables of interest were also studied.

Results

A total of 3726 patients [1287 (34.54%) female] were included in this study, with a mean age of 63.62 ± 11.96 years. After adjusting for potential confounders in our logistic regression model, each SD increase in oxLDL was associated with a 26% increase in the prevalence of cognitive impairment (odds radio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–1.39; P < 0.0001). Similarly, higher oxLDL was associated with lower MMSE scores, with a 0.56‐point decrease in MMSE score for every SD increase in oxLDL in a linear regression analysis (β = ?0.56; 95% confidence interval, ?0.81 to ?0.32; P < 0.0001). There were no significant interactions between oxLDL and age, sex or education levels for cognitive impairment (all interactions, P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Elevated levels of oxLDL were associated with a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke.     

女性分娩恐惧真实体验质性研究的系统评价

目的系统评价与整合女性分娩恐惧真实体验的质性研究,为促进自然分娩、改善临床护理服务质量提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Embase、Web of Science、PsycINFO、SinoMed、中国知网、维普和万方数据库,收集从建库至2018年8月女性分娩恐惧真实体验的质性研究文献。根据澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准对文献进行评价,并进行Meta整合分析。结果共纳入18项研究,提炼出87个研究结果,归纳为6个新类别,并进一步整合2个结果。结果1:孕产妇充满担忧和恐惧心理,但他人却无法理解,这让她们感到孤独,只能独自在矛盾中挣扎。结果2:因对分娩的感受不同,女性采取积极或消极的方式应对分娩恐惧,并渴望得到外界的支持与帮助。结论社会与医疗卫生机构应重视分娩恐惧对女性的影响,并给予充分的理解与支持,帮助孕产妇克服分娩恐惧,促进自然分娩,进而促进产妇身心健康。     

Gender-specific association between iron status and the history of attempted suicide: implications for gender paradox of suicide behaviors

PURPOSE: Iron deficiency (ID) has been linked with high impulsivity, and an increased risk of ID was reported among suicide attempters. We hypothesized that poor iron status might be prevalent among suicide attempters, who have high impulsivity. METHODS: As a part of the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994), a set of iron indices were measured in 2598 men and 2975 women aged 17-39 years, who completed a mental disorder diagnostic interview. RESULTS: Using non-attempters as reference within each gender, we observed a gender-dependent association between poor iron status and the history of attempted suicide. For male attempters (n=74), the prevalence ratios (PR) of abnormal serum ferritin, serum iron and protoporphyrin were 18.3 (95%CI=3.3-101.7), 3.2 (1.1-9.4) and 5.4(1.8-15.6). In contrast, the PR of abnormal serum ferritin for female attempters (n=217) was 0.3 (0.1-0.6). The hematological indices did not differ significantly between attempters and non-attempters among either men or women. Compared with non-attempters, male attempters were prone to a higher odds [17.5 (4.2-72.4)] while female attempters to a lower odds [0.6 (0.3-1.1)] of ID. CONCLUSION: These data suggest new opportunities for exploring biological bases of gender paradox of suicidal behaviors and a novel way to enhance therapeutic and preventive interventions against suicide.     

孕妇不同孕期血脂指标分布和变化的观察性研究

目的:了解各孕期孕妇的血脂水平和变化情况,观察妊娠期糖尿病者和娩出巨大儿的孕妇血脂水平变化?方法:依托“孕期体重增长适宜值多中心队列研究”,收集江苏省丹阳市某医院516例单胎孕妇一般状况信息,妊娠早?中?晚期血清甘油三酯(TG)?总胆固醇(TC)?低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)浓度,观察妊娠期并发症发生情况和新生儿出生状况?比较出生巨大儿与出生非巨大儿者?妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)者与正常妊娠者孕期血脂状况?比较不同孕前体重指数(BMI)孕妇之间孕早期和孕晚期血脂水平?结果:随着孕期进展孕妇血脂水平逐渐升高,而HDL-C/TC比值不断降低,LDL-C/HDL-C比值不断升高(均为P < 0.05)?但是在同一孕期内,巨大儿与非巨大儿母亲血脂状况几乎没有差别(均为P > 0.05);与正常妊娠者相比,GDM孕妇在孕早期和孕中期具有明显较高的TG水平(均为P < 0.05)?孕前超重肥胖者孕早期血脂偏高,且GDM发病率较高,而不同孕前BMI孕妇孕晚期血脂水平几乎没有差别?结论:孕早?中期高TG水平可能与GDM发生风险增大有关,孕前应使BMI达到正常水平避免孕早期血脂异常升高?     

单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效观察

目的 观察单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床治疗效果。方法 分析2021年1月至2022年1月到荆门市中医医院骨伤一科就诊需手术治疗的腰椎间盘突出症患者共62例,随机分为观察组（31例）与对照组（31例）。观察组采用单侧双通道脊柱内镜手术治疗,对照组采用传统后入路开放手术治疗,分别记录术前和术后的腰腿痛VAS评分、ODI评分、手术时间、术中出血量、术后下地时间、住院时间、术后并发症等情况,术后末次随访评估计算有效率。结果 两组患者术后3 d、术后1个月及末次随访时的腰腿痛VAS评分及ODI评分均明显小于术前,术前术后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组术中出血量、术后下地时间、住院时间均少于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组患者手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组患者术中均未更改手术方式,术后均未出现脑脊液漏、切口感染、神经血管损伤等并发症,均未行再次手术。末次随访时运用改良Macnab标准评价两组患者有效率,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效...