Treatment of Distal Metaphyseal Tibial Fractures with Anterolateral Plates or with Anterolateral-Medial Plates: A Retrospective Series

Distal metaphyseal tibial fractures (3-5 cm from the joint with zones of comminution or <3 cm from the joint) are challenging to fix and are associated with many complications. The study objective was to evaluate the functional outcomes and complications after treating distal metaphyseal tibial fractures using anatomical anterolateral tibia locking plates or anterolateral-medial plates. This retrospective study included 57 patients with distal metaphyseal tibial fractures. Thirty patients were treated by open reduction internal fixation with anterolateral plates; 27 patients were treated with anterolateral-medial plates. Patients were followed at regular intervals. The time to fracture union and complications were recorded. We evaluated the stage of fracture healing using the Radiographic Union Score for Tibial fractures. The patients treated with anterolateral plates had significantly higher rates of loss of reduction and malunion than those treated with anterolateral-medial plates (p = .02 and p = .002, respectively). There were no significant differences in the radiographic union scores (p = .22), non-union (p = .17), incision necrosis (p = .91), or infection (p = .94) between the 2 groups. The functional outcomes were assessed using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society hindfoot-ankle score at the 12-month follow-up. The mean hindfoot-ankle scores were 90.9 ± 5.0 (range 79 to 100, median 90) and 92.3 ± 5.1 (range 82 to 100, median 92) for the anterolateral plates and anterolateral-medial plates, respectively (p = .29). For distal metaphyseal tibial fractures, anterolateral-medial plates may be worthwhile for reducing loss of reduction and malunion.     

Preoperative Estimated Risk of Microvascular Invasion is Associated with Prognostic Differences Following Liver Resection Versus Radiofrequency Ablation for Early Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Annals of Surgical Oncology - The aim of this study was to examine prognostic differences between liver resection (LR) and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma...     

Incidence and risk factors of suicide among patients diagnosed with bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Patients with bladder cancer have a high risk of suicide. This study aimed to assess how bladder cancer increases suicide risk and to identify the demographic and clinical factors associated with suicidal death among patients with bladder cancer. Methods: Literature search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Sciences and Cochrane Library databases was conducted up to April 2020 to identify eligible studies related to the incidence and risk factors of suicide after bladder cancer diagnosis. Summary multivariate-adjusted risk estimates and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using inverse variance method with random or fixed-effect modeling. Results: Five retrospective cohorts comprising 563,680 patients with bladder cancer were included. Higher risk of suicide by 1.90-fold was observed among patients with bladder cancer (hazard ratio, HR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.29–2.81; P = 0.001; I² = 81.2%), especially in those aged 70 years or older (HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.29–1.43; P < 0.001; I² = 0%), unmarried (HR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.61–1.83; P < 0.001; I² = 0%), and those with regional bladder cancer (HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.10–3.21; P = 0.021; I² = 96.3%), compared with those without bladder cancer. Furthermore, gender and race were not associated with increased suicide risk among patients with bladder cancer. Conclusions: Suicide risk is increased among patients with bladder cancer, particularly those aged 70 years or older, unmarried and those with regional bladder cancer. Hence, early psychological support must be provided during the follow-up period of these special populations with a high suicide risk.     

Treatment of spinal cord compression caused by C2 osteochondroma with reconstruction and fusion after total resection: Case report and literature review

Context: Osteochondroma is the most common benign tumor of the bone, but spinal osteochondroma is rare. We report a case of cervical osteochondroma in multiple exostoses arising from the lamina of the C2 vertebra, presenting with features of compressive myelopathy in a 22-year-old male. Total resection of the tumor and atlantoaxial fixation and fusion after reconstruction of the C1 posterior arch were performed.Findings: The patient recovered significantly. He was asymptomatic and no sign of recurrence was observed after one-year follow-up.Conclusions: Osteochondroma should be considered as a rare cause of spinal cord compression. Entire removal of the tumor will result in complete decompression and can reduce the risk of recurrence. We provide a new approach to reconstruct after resection.     

Relationships between anthropometric adiposity indexes and bone mineral density in a cross-sectional Chinese study

Background ContextPrevious studies have reported conflicting results for the relationships between anthropometric adiposity indexes and bone mineral density, based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, few studies were published based on quantitative computed tomography (QCT), especially for Chinese population.PurposeTo evaluate the associations of spine bone mineral density (BMD) with body mass index (BMI), waist circumstance (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and a body shape index (ABSI) using QCT.Study Design/SettingA Cross-sectional study.Patient SampleAround 3,457 participants in multiple communities across 7 administrative regions of China.Outcome MeasuresSpine BMD was measured using QCT, and the classification of osteoporosis was defined as follows: 1) osteoporosis if BMD <80mg/cm³, 2) osteopenia if BMD 80–119 mg/cm³, and 3) normal bone mass if BMD≥120 mg/cm³.MethodsThis study was conducted using convenient sampling between 2013 and 2017. Multivariable linear regression model and logistic regression models were used for the associations of continuous and categorical BMD, respectively.ResultsAround 3,405 participants were included in the final analyses, including 1,272 males and 2,133 females, with spine BMD of 111.00±35.47 mg/cm³ and 99.38±40.60 mg/cm³, respectively. Spine BMD decreased significantly with the increase of ABSI in females (adjusted β, ?5.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], ?8.50 to ?2.98), and this trend also was kept in females aged at less than 60 years (adjusted β, ?14.54; 95% CI, ?20.40 to ?8.68), and females with age ≥60 years (adjusted β, ?7.59; 95% CI, ?10.91 to ?4.28). However, this inverse association was observed only in males with age ≥ 60 years (adjusted β, ?5.19; 95% CI, ?10.08 to ?0.29). Except ABSI, negative associations of Spine BMD with WC (adjusted β, ?0.46; 95% CI, ?0.77 to ?0.15), WHR (adjusted β, ?6.25; 95% CI, ?10.63 to ?1.86), WHtR (adjusted β, ?6.80; 95% CI, ?11.63 to ?1.97) were shown in females aged at <60 years, and positive association with BMI in males with age ≥60 years (adjusted β, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.29–1.55).ConclusionsABSI had more remarkable association with spine BMD, compared with the other four indexes.     

结直肠锯齿状腺瘤的临床特征及恶变影响因素分析

目的锯齿状腺瘤被公认为结直肠癌的癌前病变,锯齿状通路被认为是可以独立发展成结直肠癌的重要通路,但目前对于锯齿状腺瘤恶变的相关危险因素还知之甚少。本文旨在分析锯齿状腺瘤在结直肠中的分布特点及潜在恶变因素。方法采用病例对照研究方法,回顾性收集2017年4月至2019年7月期间在中国医学科学院肿瘤医院行肠镜检查并经病理诊断为锯齿状腺瘤患者的临床资料,排除同时具有两种及以上病理类型病变的患者。总结锯齿状腺瘤的临床特征,并进行单因素和Logistic多因素回归分析,探讨锯齿状腺瘤发生恶变的影响因素。结果共在28730例行肠镜检查患者中,发现311例(1.08%)锯齿状腺瘤患者,共发现锯齿状腺瘤372枚。按WHO分类,无蒂锯齿状腺瘤/息肉22枚(5.9%),传统锯齿状腺瘤84枚(22.6%),未分类锯齿状腺瘤266枚(71.5%)。病理结果显示:无异型增生病变106枚(28.5%),低级别上皮内瘤变病变228枚(61.3%),高级别上皮内瘤变或癌变38枚(10.2%)。病变长径<10 mm有204枚(54.8%),≥10 mm有168枚(45.2%);病变位于左半结直肠238枚(64.0%),右半结肠134枚(36.0%)。内镜下大体分型:扁平型16枚(4.3%),无蒂型174枚(46.8%),亚蒂型117枚(31.5%),带蒂型59枚(15.9%)。窄带成像国际结直肠内镜(NICE)分型:Ⅰ型85枚(22.8%),Ⅱ型280枚(75.3%),Ⅲ型4枚(1.1%)。单因素分析显示,病变大小、病变位置、病变部位及不同WHO分类与结直肠锯齿状腺瘤发生恶变有关(均P<0.05);不同NICE分型的锯齿状腺瘤,其恶变率的差异亦有统计学差异(P=0.001)。多因素分析结果显示,病变长径≥10 mm(OR=6.699,95%CI:2.843~15.786)以及病变位于左半结直肠(OR=2.657,95%CI:1.042~6.775)是结直肠锯齿状腺瘤发生恶变的独立危险因素。结论锯齿状腺瘤主要位于左半结直肠,当病变长径≥10 mm或病变位于左半结直肠时,易发生恶变。     

对比微波消融与肝切除术治疗结直肠癌肝转移效果:Meta分析

目的采用Meta分析对比微波消融(MWA)与肝切除术(LR)治疗结直肠癌肝转移(CRCLM)的效果和安全性。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方、中国知网、维普数据库关于MWA与LR治疗CRCLM的文献,检索时间自建库至2020年8月31日。依据纳入及排除标准筛选文献,以Review Manager 5.3和Stata 14软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入13篇文献、共1 534例CRCLM患者,MWA组685例,LR组849例。经异质性检验,1年总体生存率(OS)(I~2=0%,P=0.72)、3年OS(I~2=0%,P=0.86)、5年OS(I~2=0%,P=0.90)均无明显异质性,采用固定效应模型进行分析,结果显示MWA组与LR组间1年OS[HR=0.99,95%CI(0.95,1.02),P=0.44]、3年OS[HR=1.02,95%CI(0.93,1.11),P=0.74]差异均无统计学意义,LR组5年OS高于MWA组[HR=0.82,95%CI(0.69,0.97),P=0.02]。异质性检验示并发症无明显异质性(I~2=0%,P=0.78),以固定效应模型进行分析,结果显示MWA组并发症发生率低于LR组[RR=0.35,95%CI(0.23,0.52),P0.000 01)]。结论 MWA治疗CRCLM早、中期疗效(1、3年OS)与LR相当,远期疗效(5年OS)不及LR,但安全性更高。