深部脑白质缺血影像表现与MTHFR基因多态性关系的探讨

目的：探讨MTHFR的纯合突变TT型基因是否为诱发皮层下深部脑白质缺血的危险因子，并证实皮层下深部脑白质缺血影像表现与MTHFR基因C／T多态性的关系。资料与方法：选择影像表现符合皮层下深部脑白质缺血诊断标准者30例，对照组30例为影像表现正常者，运用多聚酶链反应－限制性内切酶片段长度多态性技术（PCR－RFLP）检测两组MTHFR基因多态性。结果：采用χ^2检验，得出MTHFR基因纯合突变TT型在病变组与对照组比较差异有显著性（χ^2=5.0794,P＜0．05），病变组TT型较对照组显著升高，说明MTHFR的纯合突变TT型可能是诱发深部脑白质缺血的危险因素。运用成组设计两样本比较的秩和检验，得出TT型和非TT型患者在影像表现的分级程度上有差别，携带TT型基因者影像表现分级重。结论：MTHFR纯合突变TT型基因是深部脑白质缺血发病的危险因子，且TT型基因与深部脑白质缺血的易感性和影像表现呈明显正相关。     

脊柱放线菌感染并发脊髓压迫症(附3例报告)

目的探讨脊柱放线菌感染并发脊髓压迫症的临床和影像学特点及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析3例经病理检查证实的本病患者的临床资料。结果3例患者均有颈、胸脊椎及软组织感染和脊髓压迫症状;MRI示病变椎体骨质破坏,颈、胸硬膜外软组织肿块,脊髓受压。病理学检查组织病理学检查证实3例均为放线菌感染,2例表现为炎性肉芽组织伴微脓肿形成,另1例表现为硬膜外脓肿。均予以脓肿清除、脊髓减压术,并给予4~8周大剂量青霉素G静脉滴注,后改口服维持4~6个月,术后及随访3例患者均取得显著的疗效。结论脊柱放线菌感染并发脊髓压迫症临床和影像学表现无特征性,其确诊依赖于病理学和微生物学检查。脓肿引流、椎管内减压术和大剂量抗生素治疗有效。     

氧氟沙星片的药物动力学和生物利用度

在８例健康志愿者中进行国产与进口氧氟沙星片药物动力学和生物利用度研究。随机交叉试验设计单剂量口服４００ｍｇ，用ＨＰＬＣ测定血药浓度，按非室模型计算，求得２种制剂各项药物动力学参数，无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），以进口药片为标准（Ｆ＝１）求得国产药片的相对生物利用度为９２．２％。     

活性氧对神经母细胞株SH-SY5Y细胞L型钙通道电流的影响

①目的 探讨氧自由基导致神经元钙超载的发生机制。②方法 在神经母细胞SH—SY5Y细胞体外培养的基础上，采用全细胞膜片钳技术，观察H2O2对SH—SY5Y细胞L型钙通道电流(ICa,L)的影响。③结果 H2O2能够明显增加峰值ICa,L，且该作用具有浓度依赖性。H2O2使ICa,L的I-V相关曲线下移，但对其形状和最大激活电位无明显影响。④结论 H2O2对L型钙通道有明显增强作用，此可能是其导致神经元钙超载的机制之一。     

椎动脉型颈椎病患者中缩血管活性肽类物质的变化及意义

目的　探索缩血管活性肽类物质在椎动脉型颈椎病发病时的变化情况及病理意义。方法　椎动脉型颈椎病治疗组 30例 ,正常组 30例 ,椎动脉型颈椎病患者均采用中医手法治疗。正常组和治疗组患者分别在治疗前和治疗后空腹取静脉血进行神经肽类物质NPY、ET、CGRP、ANP放射免疫检测。结果　治疗前椎动脉型颈椎病患者的血浆NPY、ET、ANP明显高于正常组 ,而CGRP的含量则低于正常组 (P <0 0 5) ;经过治疗后患者的血浆NPY、ET、ANP含量降低 ,CGRP的含量升高 ,与治疗前比较具有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5)。结论　缩血管活性肽类物质在椎动脉型颈椎病发病时可能起重要的神经 体液调节作用     

广东省放射工作人员健康状况调查

目的　了解长期小剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员健康的影响 ,为保障其工作者的健康和改进防护措施提供依据。方法　通过职业流行病学现况调查的方法 ,按照广东省放射工作人员职业健康体检规范要求 ,对 2 0 0 2年广东省999例放射工作人员的职业健康状况进行分析。结果　随着工龄增加 ,放射工作人员眼科检查的异常率增加。血液常规检查和细胞遗传学指标 (外周血淋巴细胞微核率 )及眼晶状体混浊率 ,部分组间指标差异有统计学意义。男性微核率的异常率 >15年组是 <5年组的 5 2倍 ,是 5～ 15年组的 1 4倍 ,女性微核率异常率 >15年组是 <5年组的 3 3倍 ,是 5～15年组的 2 5倍。结论　加强放射卫生监督管理 ,重点保护暴露工龄较长的放射工作人员 ,以减低放射对该人群的影响     

Differentiation of human epidermal stem cells into fibroblasts induced by TGF-β1 in vitro

Objective To investigate the correlation between human epidermal stem cell (hESCs) and hypertrophic scar or keloid. Methods Improved collagen Ⅳ-coated adhesion methods was used to isolate and culture the epidermal stem cells after neutral protease selectively digested the dermo-epidermal junctions. After the cells were cultured and expanded in vitro, and passage 3 hESCs were induced by different concentrations of TGF-β1 (0.1, 5.0, and 10.0 ng/ml). Morphological fea-tures and identification of these cells were meseasured by HE, Masson, immunohistochemical staining on the days 3 and 7, respectively. Results After induced by TGF-β1 for 3 and 7 days, the morpholo-gy of the epidermal stem cell (hESCs) was changed into fusiform shape, similar to fibroblasts. 70 % ofthe cell which was induced by TGF-β1 were blue stained in the cytoplasm by Masson stain, which is the distinctive method for collagen, suggesting collagen appeared or increased in the cells. The collagen concentrations in supernatants of hESCs were 0.4150±0.0014, 0.3380±0. 0020, and 0.3870±0.0020, much higher than that in control group (0.0780±0.0025) and normal skin fibro-blast group (0.15004±0.0051) (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that positive rates of these cells for anti-vimentin staining were more than (95.00±1.20)% in experiments and (5.70±0.20)% in control group. Conclusion The differentiantion of hESCs induced by TGF-β1 into fibro-blasts indicates that hESCs may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypetrophic scar and keloid.     

Acute Moderate Hypoxia in Conscious Rabbits: Effect on Hepatic Cytochrome P450 and on Reactive Oxygen Species

This study aimed to document whether acute moderate hypoxia modifies the amount and activity of hepatic cytochrome P450 and in addition, induces changes in the production or the ability to neutralize oxygen reactive species (ORS). Rabbits were exposed to a low partial pressure of oxygen (12%) for 8 or 24 h, killed, and the amount and activity of cytochrome P450, lipid peroxidation, microsomal chemiluminescence and enzymatic scavenger activity were assessed in the liver. After 8 h of hypoxia, total amount but not the activity of cytochrome P450 was decreased, although after 24 h of hypoxia, both the amount and the activity of cytochrome P450 were decreased. Hypoxia for 8 h increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase. However, after 24 h of hypoxia, lipid peroxidation, microsomal chemiluminescence and superoxide dismutase activity were increased, while hepatic glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity were reduced, modifications that suggest an enhanced presence of ORS. In in-vitro studies, an ORS generating system reduced the activity of cytochrome P450 and enhanced lipid peroxidation of hepatic microsomal membranes, supporting the view that ORS can impair cytochrome P450. The results of the present study show that hypoxia induces changes in the amount and activity of cytochrome P450, as well as in the production or the ability to neutralize ORS, and that these changes are time-dependent.     

乌苯美司体外对人单核细胞功能的活化作用

观察了国产乌苯美司（乌比美克）体外对人单核细胞功能的影响：①０．０１￣１００μｇ／ｍｌ乌苯美司能直接诱导人单核细胞生成ＩＬ－１；②经０．１μｇ／ｍｌ乌苯美司作用４ｈ后，人单核细胞即开始分泌ＩＬ－１，２４ｈ达到高峰，以后逐渐下降；③经１０￣１００μｇ／ｍｌ乌苯美司预处理，单核细胞可促进ＮＫ细胞活性，而经０．０１￣０．１μｇ／ｍｌ乌苯美司处理，单核细胞则抑制ＮＫ细胞活性。     

双枚和三枚细加压螺纹钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折的疗效比较

近年来我院采用手法复位的同时用双枚或三枚细加压螺纹钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折,效果良好,现对比分析报告如下。1 临床资料 1991年1月-2000年1月,共收治新鲜股骨颈骨折患者480例,采用内固定治疗者388例,其中采用X线闭路电视下手法整复双枚或三枚细加压螺纹钉内固定者282例。为缩小年龄跨度,便于比较疗效,年龄小于45岁和大于75岁31例未收集。因死亡而不能继续随访者21例,死亡均发生于术后半年以上,与骨折或手术无直接关系。因其他原因而失访者16例。其余214例资料较完整,其中男86例,女128例。有5例伴同侧的Colles骨折,3例同侧肱骨外科颈骨折,其他无严重并发症。所有伤侧髋关节手术前无明显关节炎改变。加压螺纹钉规