中药免煎颗粒联合美莎拉嗪灌肠液治疗溃疡性结肠炎38例

目的:观察中药免煎颗粒联合美莎拉嗪灌肠液治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效。方法:将73例溃疡性结肠炎患者随机分为治疗组38例和对照组35例,治疗组给予中药免煎颗粒口服联合美莎拉嗪灌肠液灌肠治疗,对照组给予柳氮磺吡啶治疗。结果:对照组有效率为74.2%,治疗组有效率为86.8%,治疗组有效率明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:中药免煎颗粒联合美莎拉嗪灌肠液治疗溃疡性结肠炎具有较好的临床疗效。     

降糖通脉胶囊辅助治疗2型糖尿病大血管病变73例

目的:观察降糖通脉胶囊治疗2型糖尿病大血管病变的疗效及对炎症反应和微循环的影响。方法:将144例患者随机按数字表法分为观察组73和对照组71例;给予糖尿病常规干预,控制血糖和血压到目标水平,并口服辛伐他汀片,40 mg/次,1次/d,和拜阿司匹林肠溶片,100 mg/次,1次/d。观察组在对照组治疗的的基础上加用降糖通脉胶囊,3粒/次,3次/d。两组疗程均为4个月。采用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪测量治疗前后颈动脉内膜中层厚度和斑块大小;检测治疗前后空腹血糖(FBG),餐后2 h血糖(PBG),糖化血清蛋白(GSP),肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α),高敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP),白细胞介数-6(IL-6),脂联素(APN),纤维蛋白原(FIB),血小板聚集率(MPAR)和D-二聚体(D-D)水平。结果:治疗后观察组颈动脉内膜中层增厚例数和斑块检出例数少于对照组,颈动脉内膜中层厚度和颈动脉斑面积也小于对照组(P0.01);治疗后观察组GSP水平低于对照组(P0.01),治疗后两组间FBG,PBG水平差异无统计学意义;治疗后观察组TNF-α,hs-CRP和IL-6水平低于对照组(P0.01),APN水平高于对照组(P0.01);治疗后观察组D-D,FIB和MPAR水平低于对照组(P0.01)。结论:降糖通脉胶囊用于2型糖尿病大血管病变的治疗,能减少大血管病变的发生,减轻发生程度,其作用机制可能与减轻低度炎症反应,改善微循环有关。     

地塞米松对脑损伤大鼠核转录因子-κB水平的影响

Objective To explore the effects of dexamethasone on nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) expression in brain tissue after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into two groups: dexamethasone treatment and no treatment, and severe brain injury was produced by gas percussion in both groups. At 0, 6, 24, 72 and 120 hours after injury, 5 rats of each group were executed and the histopathological changes in brain tissue in rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain. The expression of NF-κB in brain tissue of rats was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results NF-κB expression was significantly up-regulated at 6 hours in brain tissue of rats after TBI (P<0.05), reaching the highest level at 24 hours (P<0. 01). It showed a tendency to lower, but was still high at 120 hours after TBI (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). After treatment with dexamethasone, NF-κB level was lowered at 6, 24 and 72 hours (all P<0. 01). Conclusion NF-κB expression is up-regulated in brain tissue in early period after TBI, and keeps on a high level, thus inducing inflammatory response to produce secondary injury to brain tissue. Dexamethasone shows protective effects by regulating the levels of NF-κB and prevents secondary injury which is caused by the inflammatory cytokines in rat brain tissue after TBI.     

禽流感现场消毒演练中发现的问题与改进效果观察

目的考察卫生防疫部门对禽流感现场消毒处理能力和效果,找出存在问题,以便改进。方法按疫源地消毒要求,进行了实际操作演练。结果库存的15台背负式消毒喷雾器,有4台各出现机械故障,不能使用;所使用的99洗消净有效成分含量测定结果明显低于标签标示值。演练时部分消毒人员对消毒剂的配制浓度和使用剂量把握不准确。第1次演练的消毒合格率为83.8%(201/240)。经过培训消毒员、维修喷雾器和更换消毒剂,第2次演练的消毒合格率为100%(240/240)。结论经过禽流感现场消毒演练,发现了问题,消毒处理合格率比较低;经实施相应的改进对策,再一次演练取得了良好的结果。     

伴皮质及脑膜强化的低渗性脑病二例

目的探讨伴皮质及脑膜强化低渗性脑病的病史、临床特征、病理机制、鉴别诊断和临床意义。方法分析2例伴皮质及脑膜强化的低渗性脑病患者的病史、临床表现、实验室资料、鉴别诊断和疗效。结果 2例患者均存在诱发低钠血症的病史,以意识内容改变起病,随后抽搐、昏迷。实验室检查均无明显异常。头颅磁共振均存在皮质及相邻脑膜强化。激素治疗后,1例患者症状明显改善。结论临床以意识改变起病,随后抽搐、意识水平改变,影像学出现皮质及脑膜强化的患者,应排除低渗性脑病。     

原发性高血压患者脉压与窦性心律震荡相关性的研究

目的研究新的心电学指标——心律震荡(HRT)在原发性高血压患者中的变化,并探讨HRT和脉压的关系。方法选择我院2004年7月-2005年12月26例原发性高血压脉压增大患者和25例脉压正常的原发性高血压患者行24h动态心电图(Holter),计算HRT的两个参数震荡初始(TO)和震荡斜率(TS),并与脉压进行对比分析。结果原发性高血压脉压增大患者组与脉压正常患者组比较HRT异常明显,差异有显著性意义(P<0．05)。结论高血压患者脉压增大组HRT异常,提示原发性高血压脉压增大患者自主神经功能状态受损明显。     

甘草种苗等级与植株生物量积累及药材产量和质量的关系

目的:研究甘草种苗等级与植株生物量积累、药材产量和质量的关系,为制定种苗标准提供依据。方法:以单根重量为分级指标对甘草种苗进行分级,采用聚类分析方法将种苗聚类分级为3个级别,以级别为处理进行田间试验,连续两年于生长期测定甘草植株鲜重和根干重,实验室测定药材有效成分含量。结果:一级、二级种苗(单根重10.0 g以上)生长期植株的总生物量、根干物质量及产量均大于三级种苗。3年生药材的甘草酸、甘草苷、芹糖基甘草苷和甘草素的含量,一、二级种苗高于三级种苗;不同等级种苗药材甘草酸和甘草苷的含量均高于2010年版中国药典一部标准。结论:种苗等级对甘草药材的质量及产量均有影响,生产上建议选用单根重在10.0g以上的种苗。     

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??Riluzole is a benzothiazole compounds, and it is the only drug approved by FDA for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. By adjusting the concentration of glutamic acid and interfering with ion channels, riluzole has a wide range of pharmacology action, such as, regulating glutamate concentration, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-depressants, anti-anxiety, analgesic and so on. In this paper, the pharmacological action of riluzole is summarized, aiming at providing help for its research and application.     

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??OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and tolerability of baicalein chewable tablets and establish the maximum tolerated dose in healthy volunteers. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, dose-escalating, single-center, phase I clinical trial was conducted in 70 healthy male and female subjects. Each subject received oral baicalein only once. Adverse events were identified either by subject self-reporting or evaluation based upon vital signs, physical examination and laboratory parameters. The study was conducted from low to high dose, and the dose escalation was performed only after the safety and tolerability were confirmed favorable. RESULTS Baicalein chewable tablets were well tolerated and had an acceptable safety profile up to the highest dose of 2 800 mg. The vital signs of all subjects were stable, and no QTc interval prolongation was observed during the trial. A total of 11 mild adverse events were reported in 8 subjects. There were no severe adverse events in the study, and none of the adverse events led to withdrawal. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the innovative drug baicalein chewable tablets are well tolerated in healthy Chinese volunteers within the dose range of 100 to 2 800 mg.