骨质疏松中的自噬相关信号通路

骨质疏松症（osteoporosis，OP）是以全身性骨量的丢失、骨微观结构的退行性改变为特征的骨骼疾病，根本原因在于成骨细胞和破骨细胞的动态平衡失调。自噬（Autophagy）能够通过影响成骨和破骨细胞分化的过程改变两者的平衡关系，这就提示我们可以从调控自噬的角度对骨质疏松的病情发展进行干预。本文就自噬的信号通路在骨质疏松症方面的研究进展进行综述，希望为进一步探究自噬信号通路的内在调控机制，选择适当的干预靶点，选择性发挥自噬对成骨、破骨细胞的调节作用，为临床上治疗骨质疏松症提供新的思路。     

Additional benefit of combined therapy with melatonin and apoptotic adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cell against sepsis‐induced kidney injury

This study tested whether combined therapy with melatonin and apoptotic adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (A‐ADMSCs) offered additional benefit in ameliorating sepsis‐induced acute kidney injury. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 65) were randomized equally into five groups: Sham controls (SC), sepsis induced by cecal‐ligation and puncture (CLP), CLP‐melatonin, CLP‐A‐ADMSC, and CLP‐melatonin‐A‐ADMSC. Circulating TNF‐α level at post‐CLP 6 hr was highest in CLP and lowest in SC groups, higher in CLP‐melatonin than in CLP‐A‐ADMSC and CLP‐melatonin‐A‐ADMSC groups (all P < 0.001). Immune reactivity as reflected in the number of splenic helper‐, cytoxic‐, and regulatory‐T cells at post‐CLP 72 hr exhibited the same pattern as that of circulating TNF‐α among all groups (P < 0.001). The histological scoring of kidney injury and the number of F4/80+ and CD14+ cells in kidney were highest in CLP and lowest in SC groups, higher in CLP‐melatonin than in CLP‐A‐ADMSC and CLP‐melatonin‐A‐ADMSC groups, and higher in CLP‐A‐ADMSC than in CLP‐melatonin‐A‐ADMSC groups (all P < 0.001). Changes in protein expressions of inflammatory (RANTES, TNF‐1α, NF‐κB, MMP‐9, MIP‐1, IL‐1β), apoptotic (cleaved caspase 3 and PARP, mitochondrial Bax), fibrotic (Smad3, TGF‐β) markers, reactive‐oxygen‐species (NOX‐1, NOX‐2), and oxidative stress displayed a pattern identical to that of kidney injury score among the five groups (all P < 0.001). Expressions of antioxidants (GR+, GPx+, HO‐1, NQO‐1+) were lowest in SC group and highest in CLP‐melatonin‐A‐ADMSC group, lower in CLP than in CLP‐melatonin and CLP‐A‐ADMSC groups, and lower in CLP‐melatonin‐ than in CLP‐A‐ADMSC‐tretaed animals (all P < 0.001). In conclusion, combined treatment with melatonin and A‐ADMSC was superior to A‐ADMSC alone in protecting the kidneys from sepsis‐induced injury.     

一起有机磷农药污染餐具所致食物中毒调查分析

目的探讨一起有机磷农药中毒发生原因,防止类似事件发生。方法对中毒人群进行流行病学调查,实验室检验。结果 3例病人均曾用一个曾盛过有机磷农药敌敌畏的碗,误盛红烧肉饮食史,3例病人临床检验乙酰胆碱酯酶活性分别为对照组的70%、60%、45%。结论综合流行病学调查、临床检验、临床症状及治疗情况,证实为一起误服有机磷农药敌敌畏所致食物中毒事件。     

口腔癌患者术后感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的探讨口腔癌术后感染的病原学分布及其耐药性,以期提高临床治疗水平。方法选取2010年3月至2013年3月110例口腔癌手术患者为研究对象,对其中出现术后感染的29例患者进行病原学及耐药性分析。结果 110例口腔癌患者术后感染29例,感染率为26.36%,共分离出病原菌46株,其中革兰阴性菌26株占56.52%,以铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌为主;革兰阳性菌20株占43.48%,以金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌为主;主要革兰阴性菌对青霉素耐药率最高,在87.5%¹00.0%,对美罗培南和亚胺培南的耐药率为0,主要革兰阳性菌对常用抗菌药物普遍耐药,其中粪肠球菌对庆大霉素的耐药率为100.0%,对替考拉宁和万古霉素的耐药率为0。结论口腔癌患者术后感染以革兰阴性菌为主,术后规范化使用抗菌药物至关重要。     

胸骨后甲状腺肿的诊断与外科治疗(综述)

胸骨后甲状腺肿是最常见的上纵隔占位性病变。胸骨后甲状腺肿多是因胚胎时期甲状腺异常生长发育而导致的位置及形态的异常,一般位于气管和胸骨间的前上纵隔处生长,部分可生长于咽后间隙。由于其恶变可能性大,且压迫症状影响器官功能,一旦发现通常采取手术治疗。目前大多数主要采用低领式切口路径切除胸骨后甲状腺。胸骨后甲状腺的诊断及治疗并不复杂,如何早期发现疾病,把握不同手术适应证是我们主要探讨的问题。     

静脉麻醉药对脂多糖诱导的神经星形胶质细胞增殖的影响及其机制

目的 检测静脉麻醉药对脂多糖诱导的神经星形胶质细胞的影响及其机制。 方法 利用MTT实验、集落形成实验和Annexin V-FITC/PI双染色法检测静脉麻醉药对脂多糖作用后的神经星形胶质细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。Western blotting技术检测相关机制。 结果 静脉麻醉药可以逆转脂多糖诱导的神经星形胶质细胞增殖。经麻醉药处理后的神经星形胶质细胞p-Akt和p-mTOR蛋白表达下降，Caspase-3和Caspase-9表达水平升高。结论 静脉麻醉药可以通过抑制mTOR通路逆转脂多糖诱导的神经星形胶质细胞增殖。     

提高低健康素养患者用药依从性的方法探讨

患者用药教育是药师工作的一项重要内容，恰当的关注重点和有效的干预方法是保证用药教育效果、提高患者用药依从性的前提。随着用药教育研究的深入，“健康素养”这一概念逐渐进入药师的关注范围，其与用药依从性的内在联系也显示出了重要的现实意义。     

麻疹疫苗保护效果及其影响因素

高质量麻疹疫苗接种是消除麻疹的主要策略，我国自1978年将麻疹疫苗纳入计划免疫，尤其是1986年实施2剂次麻疹疫苗接种程序以来，麻疹发病率大幅下     

基于AJAX技术的住院费用查询子系统设计与开发

目的 对住院费用查询子系统进行研究和设计.方法 AJAX技术,jQuery框架和struts2框架技术.结果 得到住院费用查询子系统的系统结构和数据库及类的设计.结论 简化系统的开发,提高了页面的访问效率,在教学设计与实践中取得良好的效果.     

Discovery of Novel Small Molecule Mer Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Ectopic Mer expression promotes pro-survival signaling and contributes to leukemogenesis and chemoresistance in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Consequently, Mer kinase inhibitors may promote leukemic cell death and further act as chemosensitizers increasing efficacy and reducing toxicities of current ALL regimens. We have applied a structure-based design approach to discover novel small molecule Mer kinase inhibitors. Several pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives effectively inhibit Mer kinase activity at sub-nanomolar concentrations. Furthermore, the lead compound shows a promising selectivity profile against a panel of 72 kinases and has excellent pharmacokinetic properties. We also describe the crystal structure of the complex between the lead compound and Mer, opening new opportunities for further optimization and new template design.