孕妇血清AFP、uE3和β-hCG水平与严重胎儿缺陷的关系

①目的 探讨孕中期血清甲胎球蛋白（AFP），游离雌三醇（uF3)和β绒毛膜促性腺激素（β-HCG）水平与严重胎儿缺陷的关系。②方法 用ELISA方法对832例16-21周妊娠妇女血清AFP、UE3和β-hCG进行检测，以筛查阳性病人。③结果 14例胎儿被确诊为异常，其中唐氏综征2例，无脑儿3例，脊柱裂3例，唇腭裂1例，腹裂肠外翻1例，孕中期自然流产2例，死胎1例，葡萄胎1例，总检出率为1.68%，假阳性15例，占被检人数的1.80%。④结论 以上3种生化指标联合检测可作为产前诊断严重胎儿缺陷的有效方法。     

星形胶质细胞瘤伽玛刀治疗的疗效与影响因素

目的分析星形胶质细胞瘤伽玛刀(γ-刀)治疗的疗效与影响因素.方法回顾性分析48例星形胶质细胞瘤病人的γ-刀治疗结果.以性别、有无普通放疗经过、有无化疗经过、边缘剂量、病灶的平均直径、病变的病理等级、影像学上有无相对较清楚的边界为治疗结果影响因素,判定标准以病灶缩小为有效,采用logistic回归模型,确定多因素条件下治疗结果的影响因素.结果有效32例(66.7%),logistic回归模型分析表明:病理等级和病灶平均直径为与肿瘤控制有关的影响因素.结论γ-刀对星形胶质细胞瘤的治疗有一定的意义.     

Nasopharyngeal and nasal malignant lymphoma: a clinicopathological study of 54 cases

Forty-one cases of nasopharyngeal and 13 cases of nasal malignant lymphoma have been examined histologically and immunohistochemically. All of the cases were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; one case was of follicular type and the remaining 53 were of diffuse type. Large cell lymphoma comprised 48% of cases and most of the immunoblastic lymphomas showing pleomorphism occurred in the nose. Twenty-seven cases were of T-cell and 21 of B-cell phenotype. The predominance of T-cell lymphoma was due to an increased incidence of these in the nose, the T:B ratio of 3.33:1 contrasting with a 1:1.05 ratio in the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngeal lymphomas seem to show an intermediate incidence between the T-cell predominance in the nose and a B-cell predominance in the oropharynx. Since the large cell type of lymphoma was predominant, the differential diagnosis from undifferentiated carcinoma is important and is facilitated by the use of immunostaining methods.     

复方麝香注射液联合脑血肿引流术治疗中老年高血压脑出血疗效观察及费用对比

目的:探讨复方麝香注射液联合微创手术治疗中老年高血压脑出血的临床疗效.方法:将78例接受微创治疗的患者随机分组,两组均采用内科综合治疗.手术对照组在综合治疗基础上加用微创手术进行脑血肿引流;中西医结合组在微创手术治疗后加用复方麝香注射液(10～20 ml/d)静脉滴注1周.结果:中西医结合组显效率(66.67%)、有效率(82.05%)均明显高于手术对照组(46.15%和69.23%,P均<0.05),存活患者日常生活能力也明显优于手术对照组(P<0.05),意识恢复时间明显短于手术对照组(P<0.05),并发症的发生率(15.38%)明显低于手术对照组(38.46%,P<0.01),病死率(5.13%)明显低于手术对照组(10.26%,P<0.01),平均住院天数[(18.29±4.93)d]明显少于手术对照组[(26.23±5.82)d,P<0.05],平均住院费用[(5 916.23±826.39)元]明显少于手术对照组[(8 168.35±1 021.21)元,P<0.05].结论:脑血肿引流术后加用复方麝香注射液治疗中老年高血压脑出血,可降低病死率,减少并发症,降低病残程度,提高生存患者的生活质量,缩短住院时间,降低治疗费用.     

经尿道电气化切除术治疗良性前列腺增生症(附1532例报告)

目的 :总结和评价经尿道前列腺电气化切除术 (TUVP)治疗良性前列腺增生症 (BPH)的疗效。方法 :采用铲式气化切割环 ,经尿道气化切除前列腺 1 5 32例。结果 :最大尿流率 (Qmax)由手术前 (7.7± 3.8)ml/s到术后 (1 7.9± 3.2 )ml/s;国际前列腺症状评分由术前 (2 9.5± 3.6 )分到术后 (9.1± 2 .9)分 ;生活质量评分由术前 (5 .5± 0 .3)分到术后 (1 .9± 0 .3)分 ;术中前列腺包膜穿孔 2例 ;术后尿失禁 2例 ,前尿道狭窄 1 7例 ,后尿道狭窄 7例 ;无电切综合征及死亡病例。结论 :TUVP治疗BPH创伤小、出血少、疗效好、术后康复快     

勃起功能障碍基因治疗研究进展

近年来基因治疗被尝试用于勃起功能障碍(ED)治疗的动物实验,许多研究发现基因治疗方案对各种类型的ED均有一定的治疗作用。特别是在左旋精氨酸-一氧化氮-环磷酸鸟苷通路、离子通道、勃起神经和海绵体血管内皮细胞的修复保护等方面的基因治疗研究显示,基因治疗ED有一定的疗效。但应用基因治疗来治疗ED患者,目前仍有较多的困难,暂时无法应用于临床。本综述旨在对该领域的最新研究进展做一个简单的介绍和展望。     

先天性一侧肺动脉缺如的电子束CT诊断

目的 评价电子束CT(EBCT)诊断先天性一侧肺动脉缺如的价值。方法 对经平片、超声心动图检查后拟诊为肺血管疾病或原发性肺动脉高压的患者行EBCT检查，EBCT诊断先天性一侧肺动脉缺如的11例患者入选，并与超声心动图、核素通气灌注扫描、心血管造影的检查结果作进一步的比较及评估。结果 单发一侧肺动脉缺如4例，均为女性成年人。合并多发心血管畸形7例，其中合并复杂畸形3例，均为男性儿童和左肺动脉缺如；合并单发心血管畸形4例，其中3例为右肺动脉缺如。结论 (1)儿童时期明确诊断的一侧肺动脉缺如多合并有心血管畸形，且左肺动脉缺如多见，成年人明确诊断的单发一侧肺动脉缺如多为右肺动脉缺如。(2)EBCT对先天性一侧肺动脉缺如的诊断有较高的实用价值，较之多普勒超声更为准确，与心血管造影各具独特优势，但EBCT为无创检查是其特点。     

基于MATLAB胎儿心电实时显示

文章介绍了从母亲体中采集到的心电信号，利用MATLAB软件对采集到的心电信号进行准确的数据实时处理，分离出胎儿心电（ECG）信号，实验结果表明，这种方法有一定的实用性。     

新生儿先天性心脏病急诊手术围术期的护理

报告了80例新生儿先天性心脏病急诊手术围术期的护理。除9例非体外循环手术外,其余71例均在全麻、深低温、低流量、停循环下进行心内直视手术。手术前后护理重点包括:术前维护心功能;术后除有效的心、肺功能监测外,特别强调对血容量的控制,每班精确计算24h出入量,保持其平衡,给予营养支持,加强基础护理,重视并发症的预防,早期干预,积极治疗。本组手术死亡9例,病死率11.3%,71例痊愈出院。随访1～24个月患儿恢复良好,生长发育正常。     

罗格列酮对多囊肾囊肿衬里上皮细胞p38促分裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) pathway in polycystic kidney cyst-lining epithelial cells. Methods The cyst-lining epithelial cells (PKD cells) from human polycystic kidney were treated with rosiglitazone (10 μmol/L), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) inhibitor GW9662 (10 μmol/L), rosiglitazone (10 μmol/L) +GW9662 (10 μmol/L), p38MAPK specific inhibitor SB203580 (10 μmol/L), SB203580 (10 μmol/L)+ rosiglitazone(10 μmol/L) for 2 hours followed by epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation. Protein expressions of p38, phuspho-p38 (p-p38) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected by Western blot. p38 mRNA was examined by RT-PCR. Expression of c-fos and c-jun was observed by immunocytochemistry. Results (1) EGF markedly up-regulated the expressions of p38, p-p38, PCNA, c-fos anti c-jun compared with control group (P<0.01). (2) Compared with EGF treated group, rosiglitazone significantly reduced p38 activation and mRNA expression (P<0.01, respectively). Rosiglitazone, rosiglitazone+SB203580 could significantly down-regulated p-p38, PCNA, c-fos and c-jun expression (P<0.01, respectively) with no significant difference between these two groups. (3) GW9662 partially reversed the reduction effect of rosiglitazone. Conclusions Rosiglitazone can inhibit proliferation of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease cyst-lining epithelial cells partially through down-regulating p38 activation and reducing c-fos, c-jun and PCNA expression. The above effect of rosiglitazone is in part PPARγ-independcnt.