Analysis of the influence of therapy and viral suppression on high-risk sexual behaviour and sexually transmitted infections among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Taiwan

This study examined the effects of certain characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients related to the risks of practising unprotected sex (UPS) among 919 HIV-infected patients who attended the sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic of the Taipei City STD Control Center, Taiwan, during the period January–July 2004. After learning that they were HIV-positive, 517 (56%) subjects had practised UPS, 476 (52%) had a new STD diagnosis, and 106 (12%) had used some form of injected drug. UPS was reported by 76% of homosexual/bisexual males, 19% of heterosexual males and 5% of females, and was reported more often by those individuals with casual sexual partners (p < 0.001). According to multivariate logistic regression analyses, UPS was associated with male-tomale sexual intercourse (OR 2.46; 95% CI 1.26–4.86, p < 0.001), with casual sexual partners (OR 2.82; 95% CI 1.62–4.88, p < 0.001), and with an individual's knowledge of his/her HIV status for > 11 years (OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.02–4.18, p < 0.05). Although using anti-retroviral therapy to prevent sexual transmission of HIV is rational, the avoidance of at-risk sexual behaviour should also be a priority among HIV-seropositive individuals. Ongoing risk-reduction counselling related to HIV transmission is needed to reduce certain sexual behaviours associated with HIV transmission.     

细胞低温显微图象的计算机处理及定量分析

本文用计算机图象处理技术对细胞显微图象进行处理和定量分析,求出了细胞面积在低温保存中极其重要的参数。实验证明,计算机测量比人工精度高,误差小,同时新颖的标号去噪方法也非常有效。     

腹部良性疾病患者手术前后血清Cortisol、PRL及GH测定的临床意义

目的：探讨腹部良性疾病患者手术前后血清Cortisol、PRL、GH水平的变化,以评价不同阶段的应激情况。方法：Cortisol和PRL采用化学免疫发光法,GH采用放射免疫分析。结果：32例患者Cortisol水平在手术前24h抽血测定结果与对照组比较略有升高,但统计差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;麻醉前的血清标本测定结果则升高较为显著,与对照组比较有显著差异（P〈0.05）;术后24h的血清标本测定数值升高幅度更为明显,较对照组比较差异极为显著（P〈0.01）。PRL含量在术前24h抽血测定血清浓度也稍有上升,与对照组比较无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;上手术台后麻醉前抽取的血清标本测定结果则明显升高,与对照组比较有显著差异（P〈0.05）;术后24h的血清标本测定结果PRL水平升高更加明显（P〈0.01）。GH水平在术前24h抽血测定时与上述2项指标的情况基本相同;其余麻醉前和手术后24h的2次血标本测定统计情况亦与上2种指标大致相同（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论：本文患者三项血清指标的变化证实患者存在明显的应激反应;如这种反应过度,则提醒临床应对患者实施必要的处理。     

耳穴静态电测量中的瞬变响应

耳穴电参数时变关系实验表明，在测量起始ｔ＜２τ时，因瞬变作用，电位Ｅ（ｔ）和压降Ｕ（ｔ）为瞬态响应，响应函数呈指数关系，特征参数为弛豫时间τ，τ≈ＲＣ；ｔ＞２τ时，为时变间期。电路分析给出数学描述，并与耳穴和模拟实验结果较相符。提示，时变特征应以ｔ＞２τ后提取，静态电测量时，采样应避开瞬变期，可提高准确性。该工作对正确鉴别时变性和特征提取，全面认识耳穴电特性具有重要意义。     

杀虫剂点滴处理后德国小蠊的生理行为反应

本文报告了应用三种不同类型杀虫剂ＤＤＶＰ，残杀成和溴江菊酯点滴处理敏感株德国小蠊（Ｂｌａｔｔｅｌｌａｇｅｒｍａｎｉｃａ）不同虫期后的药物敏感性以及带荚虫脱荚及其孵化情况。试验得出了不同虫期不同时间的ＬＤ５０植和７２ｈ不同虫期对这３种药物敏感性的显著性测定（Ｐ值）的结果。发现不同虫期对这３种药物的敏感性之间关系的共同特点是：１．幼虫与雄虫敏感性差别显著（在ＤＤＶＰ和残杀威中）或者非常显著（在溴氰菊酯）；２．雌虫与雄虫间差别在３种药物处理中均显著；３．雌虫与带荚虫在ＤＤＶＰ和溴氰菊酯处理中差别也非常显著。试验同时显示，３种药物不同浓度处理对德国小蠊脱荚及其孵化有十分显著的影响。其总的趋势是随着药物浓度的增高脱荚率明显地增加；相反，脱荚的孵化率则随着浓度的增加明显的下降。实验并得出脱荚的孵化与否和卵荚长度无明显关系。     

Enhanced mitochondrial degradation of yeast cytochrome c with amphipathic structures

The dispensable N-terminus of iso-1-cytochrome c (iso-1) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was replaced by 11 different amphipathic structures. Rapid degradation of the corresponding iso-1 occurred, with the degree of degradation increasing with the amphipathic moments; and this amphipathic-dependent degradation was designated ADD. ADD occurred with the holo-forms in the mitochondria but not as the apo-forms in the cytosol. The extreme mutant type degraded with a half-life of approximately 12 min, whereas the normal iso-1 was stable over hours. ADD was influenced by the ⁺/^– state and by numerous chromosomal genes. Most importantly, ADD appeared to be specifically suppressed to various extents by deletions of any of the YME1, AFG3, or RCA1 genes encoding membrane-associated mitochondrial proteases, probably because the amphipathic structures caused a stronger association with the mitochondrial inner membrane and its associated proteases. The use of ADD assisted in the differentiation of substrates of different mitochondrial degradation pathways.     

蛋白转导域介导BCR/ABL抗原对CML患者T细胞的活化作用

目的：研究蛋白转导域(PTD)介导的BCR／ABL抗原对慢性髓细胞白血病(CML)患者T细胞的特异性活化作用。方法：利用基因工程技术，将PTD基因与CML b3a2 bcr／abl基因融合并原核表达。将纯化的PTD—BCR／ABL融合蛋白与CML患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)体外共孵育，用流式细胞仪分别检测CD4^ 、CD8^ T细胞上活化抗原CD25的表达。结果：终浓度为100mg／L的PTD—BCR／ABL抗原体外刺激4d后，10例CML患者中，5例表现为CD8^ T细胞活化，2例表现为CD4^ T细胞活化，其中有1例CD8^ 和CD4^ T细胞同时活化；而作为对照的BCR／ABL抗原刺激组无一例表现为CD8^ 或CD4^ T细胞活化。结论：PTD能将外源性BCR／ABL抗原转导入抗原呈递细胞内，加工呈递后激活抗原特异性CD8^ 及CD4^ T细胞，为CML特异性CD8^ 、CD4^ T细胞的体外活化及细胞免疫治疗开辟一条新的途径。