内脂素在MIN6胰岛β细胞的表达及葡萄糖和棕榈酸对其表达的影响

Visfatin was expressed in rat anti mouse islets,as well as in MIN6 cells. The visfatin expression was affected by various concentrations of environmental glucose (5.5 and 33.3 mmoL/L) and palmitate(0.5 mmol/L). As compared with low-level glucose medium (5.5 mmol/L, 1.0±0.11) , visfatin expression increased in media with high glucose and palmitate (1.32 ±0. 18, 1. 33±0. 15,1.72±0.27, all P<0. 05). The result suggests that visfatin seems to be involved in the regulation of insulin secretion.     

用Alabama分析法比较安氏Ⅰ类错中国人与美国白人颅颌面结构差异

目的:研究中国安氏Ⅰ类错成人与美国安氏Ⅰ类错白人牙颌颅面形态结构的差异。方法:从西安市11所大学2098名新生中选取符合标准的101名(男53名、女48名)安氏Ⅰ类错样本。拍摄头颅定位X线片,用第四军医大学口腔医学院头影测量软件测量,用Alabama分析法与美国安氏Ⅰ类错白人颅颌面测量结果进行比较分析。结果:中国西安地区安氏Ⅰ类错成人上下颌突度大,面型较突;平面倾斜度、上下中切牙倾斜度及下中切牙至NB线距均较大;Y轴相对SN平面夹角增大,生长方向为后下。结论:与美国安氏Ⅰ类错白人比较,中国西安地区安氏Ⅰ类错成人颅面结构呈现颌骨突度大、下切牙唇倾及下颌趋向后下等特征。     

心脏跳动下修补小儿室间隔缺损的临床研究

目的　探讨在浅低温体外循环心脏跳动下完成小儿室间隔缺损修补术的可行性。方法　 18例小儿室间隔缺损随机分为观察组和对照组 ,观察组在浅低温体外循环心跳下修补室间隔缺损 ,对照组为常规心脏停跳下修补室间缺损。测定心肌同功酶释放和三磷酸腺苷 ,观察左室压力 ,评价术野显露及气栓预防效果等。结果　观察组心肌同功酶释放明显低于对照组 ,三磷酸腺苷含量明显高于对照组 ,心肌超微结构基本正常 ,术中左室压力低于主动脉压力 ,术后无气栓发生。结论　浅低温体外循环心脏跳动下行小儿室间隔缺损修补术能更好地保护心肌。术野显露技术和防气栓的方法简便可行。     

围生期窒息发生率和死亡率近10年变迁及相关因素

目的 分析近10年来围生期窒息发生率和死亡率的变迁，探讨围生期窒息相关因素及开展新法复苏对围生期窒息发生率和死亡率的影响。方法对近10年郑州大学第三附属医院分娩的所有活产新生儿的病历资料进行回顾性分析，计算窒息的发生率、死亡率、病死率，观察上述指标的逐年变化趋势及季节变化的情况，并探讨性别、双／多胎、出生体质量、胎龄分娩方式对这些指标的影响。结果轻度窒息发生率在开展新法复苏后明显下降，并稳定在1．5％左右，而重度窒息的发生率和病死率均无明显变化。窒息儿的发生率以4月份最高，但死亡率和病死率以7月份最高。窒息的发生还与性别、双／多胎、出生体质量、早产以及阴道助产有关。结论围生期窒息的发生与性别、双／多胎、出生体质量、胎龄密切相关；新法复苏能显著降低轻度窒息的发生率，对重度窒息的发生率和窒息病死率无明显影响；窒息儿的死亡率和病死率与季节有关。     

Pretreatment with Tongxinluo protects porcine myocardium from ischaemia/reperfusion injury through a nitric oxide related mechanism

Background The traditional Chinese medicine Tongxinluo can protect myocardium against ischaemia/reperfusion injury, but the mechanism of its action is not well documented. We examined the involvement of nitric oxide in the protective role of Tongxinluo. Methods Miniswine were randomized to four groups of seven: sham, control, Tongxinluo and Tongxinluo coadministration with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 10 mg/kg i.v.). Three hours after administration of Tongxinluo, the animals were anaesthetised and the left anterior descending coronary artery ligated and maintained in situ for 90 minutes followed by 3 hours of reperfusion before death. Area of no reflow and necrosis and risk region were determined pathologically by planimetry. The degree of neutrophil accumulation in myocardium was obtained by measuring myeloperoxidase activity and histological analysis. Myocardial endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and vascular endothelial cadherin content were measured by colorimetric method and immunoblotting analysis respectively.Results Tongxinluo significantly increased the local blood flow and limited the infarct and size of no reflow. Tongxinluo also attenuated myeloperoxidase activity and neutrophil accumulation in histological sections and maintained the level of vascular endothelial cadherin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in the reflow region when compared with control group. The protection of Tongxinluo was counteracted by coadministration with L-NNA. Conclusions Tongxinluo may limit myocardial ischaemia and protect the heart against reperfusion injury. Tongxinluo regulates synthesis of nitric oxide by altering activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.     

Interleukin-18 Affects Local Cytokine Expression But Does Not Impact on the Development of Kidney Allograft Rejection

Interleukin-18 is predominantly a macrophage-derived cytokine with a key role in inflammation and cell-mediated immunity. Having previously demonstrated IL-18 upregulation in a rat model of kidney rejection, here we examined IL-18 in a fully MHC-mismatched murine model of acute kidney rejection using IL-18-deficient recipients (IL-18-/-) and animals administered neutralizing IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP). Gene expression of IL-18 and its receptor were significantly upregulated in allografts compared to isografts, as was the cellular infiltrate (T cells and macrophages) (p < 0.001). Allografts developed kidney dysfunction (p < 0.05) and tubulitis (p < 0.01) not observed in controls. There was a significant reduction in gene expression of IL-18 downstream pro-inflammatory molecules (iNOS, TNFalpha and IFNgamma) in IL-18-/- recipients (p < 0.01), and IL-18BP-treated animals. The CD4+ infiltrate and IL-4 mRNA expression was greater in the IL-18-/- recipients than wild-type (WT) allografts and IL-18BP-treated animals (p < 0.05), suggesting a Th2-bias which was supported by IFNgamma and IL-4 ELISPOT data and an increased eosinophil accumulation (p < 0.001). Neither IL-18 deficiency nor neutralization prevented renal dysfunction or tubulitis. This study demonstrates increased production of IL-18 in murine kidney allograft rejection and provides evidence that IL-18-induced pathways of inflammation are active. However, neither IL-18 deficiency nor neutralization was protective against the development of allograft rejection.     

亚低温用于缺血性脑卒中的神经保护研究进展

低温治疗一直是医学研究的热点,早在古罗马时代希波克拉底就知道将受伤的士兵包裹后放入雪中以减少出血量。上个世纪30～40年代,Fay[1]首次报道了低温用于脑外伤的治疗,第一次将低温应用于神经系统的     

余甘子功能食品的开发及其类SOD活力测定

余甘子是一种具有较高的食用和药用价值的野生植物资源，风味独特，含有丰富的类SOD活性物质和其他多种具有生物活性的物质，具有清除自由基、抗肿瘤、抗衰老等保健作用。作者提出了余甘予保健口服液的生产工艺流程及配方，并采用改良的Marklund方法测定了类SOD的活力，结果较为满意。     

20%残杀威乳油防治蟑螂实验研究

残杀威为世界卫生组织 (WHO)公认作为室内、户外卫生害虫及牲畜卫生害虫防治中最好的杀虫药剂之一 ,广泛用作卫生、农业杀虫剂。在农业上主要用于水稻田防治稻纵卷叶螟、稻飞虱、叶蝉。在卫生上该药具有击倒快、残效期长的特点 ,能有效杀灭家庭及公共场所中的各种卫生害虫 ,如 :蟑螂、蚊子、蚂蚁、德国小蠊、美洲大蠊等 ,尤其对蟑螂具有十分优异的防治效果 ,广泛用于商业和工业建筑物、食品加工处理场所、办公室和公共建筑、仓库、医院、学校、家庭、旅馆、畜圈等场所。使用方法简单 ,只需将2 0 %残杀威乳油喷洒在所有蟑螂隐蔽场所 (如墙…     

超声抽吸法治疗下肢原发性淋巴水肿

目的观察超声抽吸法治疗下肢原发性淋巴水肿的疗效。方法为12例患者采用内超声脂肪抽吸机吸除淋巴水肿组织以降低患肢淋巴负荷，抽吸后结合持续弹力袜裤压扎。结果术后2周水肿即时消退明显，术后1年随访水肿消退，复发不明显。结论超声抽吸法治疗原发性淋巴水肿安全简便，结合弹性袜裤压扎可望取得较好的远期疗效。