电磁脉冲辐射对猕猴凝血机制影响研究

目的:探讨电磁脉冲对猕猴凝血机制影响。方法:经高场强电磁脉冲源以6×104V/m全身辐照5只猕猴,于照前及照后1、3、7、14、28及90d下肢前静脉采血,采用AYW-8001型血凝仪检测电磁脉冲对动物血浆中TT、PT、APTT及FIB的影响。结果:动物血浆中TT于伤后1d及14～28d延长,APTT于伤后1d延长,FIB含量于伤后14d减少,PT在照射前后无明显变化。结论:电磁脉冲照射可对实验猕猴凝血机制产生影响,可通过TT、APTT延长和FIB含量减少而使机体凝血机制发生障碍。     

检测HSV等5种病原体抗体的微阵列技术

目的 建立抗原微阵列技术检测多种病原体抗体。方法 将病原体的基因工程抗原，以电脑操纵的机械手将其点在赖氨酸修饰的玻片上．制备抗原微阵列，与血清反应后随之与Cy3标记的二抗反应，用激光共聚焦扫描仪扫描玻片，检测血清中相应病原体的IgG，并进行了灵敏度和重复性的检测。结果 5种抗原的最低检测限度为HSV1-gG 1．56μg／ml，HSV2-gG 3．125μg／ml，CMV-p150 1．56μg／ml，RV-E1E2 3．125μg/ml，MT-EAM 31．26μg／ml；抗原微阵列与ELISA检测的结果相比有较高的符合率；检测IgG和IgM的灵敏度分别为50pg、10pg；不同批次2张玻片间总体变异系数为IgG 6．52，IgM 18．89。结论 抗原微阵列可用于平行检测血液中病原体特异性抗体。     

家猪心脏三尖瓣复合体的形态学观测

目的　观测家猪心脏三尖瓣复合体 ,为家猪心脏研究和心脏移植积累资料。方法　甲醛固定的家猪心脏 35例 ,大体解剖并观测三尖瓣复合体。结果　家猪心脏三尖瓣复合体由瓣环、瓣膜、腱索和乳头肌构成 ,瓣环周长为 70 75± 8 4 5mm ,前瓣、后瓣、隔侧瓣、前隔连合、前后连合、后隔连合的高度分别为 14 5 8±2 6 4、14 16± 2 5 0、12 84± 2 37、6 2 9± 1 97、6 86± 1 0 1、6 5 1± 1 36mm。前隔连合、前后连合、后隔连合的宽度分别为 6 4 0± 1 5 4、6 78± 1 2 3、6 4 3± 1 4 6 ;前乳头肌起始 ,腱索附着于前瓣、后瓣和前后连合的条数分别为 3 0 0± 0 97、3 0 9± 1 0 9、2 4 4± 1 16 ;后乳肌起始 ,腱索附着于后瓣、隔侧瓣和后隔连合的条数分别为 2 6 0± 0 6 9、3 0 9± 1 6 3、1 14± 0 4 3。隔侧乳头肌起始 ,附着于前瓣、隔侧瓣、前隔连合的腱索条数分别为1 71± 0 6 7、2 37± 1 2 6、0 94± 0 4 2。结论　家猪心脏三尖瓣复合体中各结构与人类相似 ,但大小有一定差异。     

局麻药药代动力学研究进展

药物对映体结构特异性对局麻药药代动力学的各个过程都有着很大影响,包括药物的吸收、蛋白结合率、代谢等。近年研究较多的罗哌卡因和左旋布比卡因作为单一的左旋对映异构体,因其良好的局麻效应和较小的全身毒性正引起广泛的关注。     

良性家族性新生儿惊厥 KCNQ2 基因新突变

目的 对一个中国良性家族性新生儿惊厥(benign familial neonatal convulsions，BFNC)家系进行基因诊断，并探讨其分子发病机理。方法 对该家系进行详细的临床检查及疾病基因的连锁分析。应用聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction，PCR)-DNA直接测序，并用PCR-单链构象多态(single strand conformation polymorphism，SSCP)对先证者、家系内16人及家系外72名无血缘关系的正常入进行KCNQ2基因突变分析。结果 连锁分析提示该家系与KCNQ2基因连锁，并排除与KCNQ3基因连锁。PCR—DNA直接测序在先证者发现．KCNQ2基因突变193ldelG，PCR—SSCP发现家系内其他患者均出现与先证者相同的异常SSCP条带，而72名正常人未出现此异常条带。结论 KCNQ2基因突变是中国人BFNC的发病原因之一，193ldelG是国内外未曾报道过的新突变，连锁分析结合基因突变分析可对BFNC患者进行基因诊断。     

维生素A阻抑大鼠实验性肝纤维化的病理研究

利用光镜、电镜、免疫组化和形态学定量技术动态研究维生素A对大鼠四氯化碳肝纤维化的抑制作用。结果表明,维生素A可减少四氯化碳中毒大鼠肝内纤维连接蛋白和Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原沉积,抑制贮脂细胞向成纤维细胞转化,并可明显地减轻肝纤维化程度。本文还对维生素A抑制肝纤维化的机理及意义作了初步探讨。     

Surveying the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in school-children in Khon Kaen, Northeastern Thailand using the ISAAC questionnaire: phase III

This is the second survey of schoolchildren in Khon Kaen, Northeastern Thailand, using the Thai version of the ISAAC questionnaire to examine the trend in the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema, and to compare the results with the ISAAC Phase I data. We analyzed 5,075 questionnaires comprising 2,119 six- to seven- and 2,956 thirteen- to fourteen-year-old children (48 and 42 percent male, respectively). The cumulative vs. 12-month prevalence according to the written questionnaires were: 14.3 vs. 9.8% for wheezing, 42.6 vs. 33.3% for rhinitis and 13.5 vs. 11.2% for eczema, respectively. The cumulative vs. 12-month prevalence for the wheezing module, based on the video questionnaire, was 9.2 vs. 6.3%, respectively. Most Phase III prevalence was significantly lower than the first survey except for the steady, 12-month prevalence of wheeze. Our study confirms the high prevalence of allergic diseases among school-children in Northeastern Thailand; albeit, prevalence has not increased in recent years. The Thai version of the English-language ISAAC questionnaire needs to be validated before further use in epidemiological research.     

Rapid identification and susceptibility testing using the VITEK(R) 2 system using culture fluids from positive BacT/ALERT(R) blood cultures

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In order to reduce the turnaround time for laboratory diagnosis of bacteremia, the efficacy of identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using samples taken directly from positive BacT/ALERT(R) standard aerobic and standard anaerobic blood culture bottles was evaluated. METHODS: 160 positive blood culture bottles were examined and incubated at 35 degrees C in 5% carbon dioxide for 4-24 h, and an aliquot of the culture fluid was Gram stained. Samples containing Gram-negative bacilli were inoculated on VITEK(R) 2 ID-GNB (identification-Gram-negative bacilli) and AST (antimicrobial susceptibility testing)-GN04 cards, and those containing Gram-positive cocci were inoculated on ID-GPC (identification-Gram-positive cocci) and AST-P526 cards. The same samples were also examined by the standard method, involving subculture from positive BacT/ALERT standard blood culture bottles. RESULTS: Eighty seven of 97 Gram-negative bacilli (89.7%) and 21 of 63 Gram-positive cocci (33.3%) were correctly identified to the species level. For antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the direct method had an overall error rate of 5.4% for Gram-negative bacilli, with 0.9% very major, 0.9% major, and 3.6% minor discrepancies compared to the standard method. The overall error rate in antimicrobial susceptibility testing for the 13 Staphylococcus spp. was 10.3%, with 6.0% very major, 2.6% major, and 1.7% minor discrepancies. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that VITEK 2 cards inoculated with samples taken directly from positive Bact/ALERT blood culture bottles would provide acceptable identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results for Gram-negative bacilli, but not for Gram-positive cocci. Compared to the standard method, the direct method would reduce turnaround time by at least 24 h.     

多房性囊性肾细胞癌的临床病理学特征和分子遗传学观察

目的 探讨多房性囊性肾细胞癌(MCRCC)的临床病理及分子遗传学改变特征.方法 对1990年1月至2006年12月间第二军医大学附属长海医院病理科病理诊断为肾细胞癌(706例)中的21例MCRCC进行了光镜、免疫表型观察和微卫星不稳定性(MSI)及杂合性缺失(LOH)检测.结果 21例MCRCC患者年龄34～72岁(平均年龄50岁),男19例,女2例.肉眼或镜下血尿3例,18例因体检而偶然发现.10例肿瘤位于左肾,11例位于右肾.T1期18例,T2期2例,T3期1例.其中1例侵犯肾包膜,均无淋巴结转移.随访20例,无一例死于肾癌,未发现肾癌转移或复发病例.组织学观察,肿块最大直径0.3～10.0 cm(平均3.6 cm).切面呈多房性囊性,囊腔大小不等,囊腔间隔厚薄不均(0.1～0.5 cm.平均0.2 cm),内含淡黄色液体或胶冻样或血性液体.囊腔内衬单层或多层上皮细胞,胞质透明或淡嗜酸性.囊腔间隔内也可见呈巢状或腺泡状排列的透明细胞.Fuhrman 1级16例,Fuhrman 2级5例.免疫组织化学观察,瘤细胞波形蛋白、ABC、CAM5.2、上皮细胞膜抗原(EMA)均呈阳性表达,CD10阳性表达6例.神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)阳性表达16例.分子遗传学观察,21例标本中,PCR扩增成功的有11例,5例发现微卫星变异,3例有LOH,其中D3S1560基因座2例,D14S617基因座1例;2例有MSI,分别为D9S168和D14S617各1例.结论 MCRCC是一种少见的肾囊性肿瘤,具有独特的临床和病理学特征,肿瘤预后良好,可通过手术切除而治愈.