Interleukin 17-Producing γδT Cells Increased in Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Although it has been known that y8 T cells may play an important role in the immune response to infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the mechanisms by which the T8 T cells participate in the innate and/or acquired immunity to tuberculosis (TB) have not been full elucidated. In the present study, 27 patients with active pulmonary TB and 16 healthy donors (HD) were performed. We found that proportion of IL-17-producing cells among lymphocyte was similar between TB patients and HD, whereas the proportions of γδ T cells in IL-17- producing cells (59.2%) and IL-17-producing cells in γδ T cells (19.4%) in peripheral blood were markedly increased in TB patients when compared to those in HD (43.9% and 7.7%, respectively). In addition, the proportions of IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells in TB patients were obviously lower than that in HD. Upon re-stimulated with M. tb heat-treated antigen (M. tb-HAg) in vitro, fewer IL-17-producing γδ T cells were generated from HD and TB patients, whereas IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells were increased in TB patients compared to that in HD. Our findings in TB patients and healthy human were consistent with other murine investigation that the IL-17- producing γδ T cells were main source of IL-17 in mouse model of BCG infection, suggesting that γδ T cells might be involved in the formation of tubercular granuloma in pulmonary TB patients, but need further identification. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2008;5(3):203-208.     

四种中药对骨愈合过程中相关基因表达的影响

目的:探索中药水蛭、海螵蛸、阿胶、骨碎补在骨折愈合过程中的干预作用,了解它们各自的调节靶点,探索建构其基因组学的途径。方法:通过在大鼠胫骨打孔的方法建立单因素干扰模型,并将300只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组和给药组(分别用4种中药给药),每组50只,分别在实验的第4、7、14、21、28天不同时间点采用原位杂交方法对各类mRNA的变化进行动态观察,分析骨愈合过程中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型前胶原mRNA、转化生长因子TGF-β1mRNA、骨形态发生蛋白BMP-2mRNA以及血管内皮生长因子VEGF-mRNA的表达情况。结果:不同中药对不同基因的作用不同,作用的时间点不同,作用强度也存在差异。其中海螵蛸在骨折早期对Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原mRNA、VEGF-mRNA、BMP-2mRNA的表达升高,后期Ⅱ、Ⅲ型前胶原mRNA表达水平下降,VEGF-mRNA、TGF-β1mRNA表达量维持于较高水平;骨碎补组较模型组在BMP-2mRNA、TGF-β1mRNA、Ⅰ型前胶原mRNA的表达上差异有显著性统计意义;阿胶对骨愈合早、中期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型前胶原mRNA和TGF-β1mRNA的表达与模型组比较差异存在显著性统计意义;水蛭对VEGF-mRNA的表达具有一定的促进作用。结论:海螵蛸、水蛭对血管形成有促进作用,阿胶、骨碎补和海螵蛸对骨折软骨形成早期具有促进骨诱导的作用,并对成骨细胞的增殖及合成活性有较大影响。     

超声乳化技术辅助显微手术切除脊髓腹侧及腹外侧神经鞘瘤

目的 探讨超声乳化技术在椎管内脊髓腹侧及腹外侧神经鞘瘤切除术中的应用价值.方法 应用日本SONOPET MODEL UST-2001超声乳化吸引系统,采用后入路方法,结合显微手术切除40例椎管内脊髓腹侧及腹外侧神经鞘瘤.结果 术中全部病例均在超声乳化技术辅助下行肿瘤全切除,术中视野暴露清晰,椎板切除范围可控,无继发损伤发生,出血量为50～150 mL,平均出血量70 mL,术中均未输血,术后病理诊断证实为神经鞘瘤,术前后MR影像展示证实肿瘤全切除,术后所有患者神经功能均有明显恢复,住院天数8～12 d,平均10 d,随访3月～4年,无脊柱不稳、根痛、复发等现象.结论 后入路椎管内脊髓腹侧及腹外侧神经鞘瘤采用超声乳化技术辅助显微手术技术切除,是一种十分有效而安全的手术方法,特别是在骨窗形成和肿瘤全切除上,无物理性挤压、旋转撕脱伤及高温灼伤,且减少术中出血量,确保脊柱的稳定,避免术后疼痛,能充分达到微创的手术效果.     

改良开放性手术治疗巨大良性前列腺增生症

目的探讨巨大良性前列腺增生症的开放性手术治疗方法及效果。方法回顾分析16例巨大良性前列腺增生症,年龄61~88岁,平均74岁。作耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术。结果手术均成功;手术时间35~65min,出血量100~200mL,术后前列腺重量为200~520g,平均215g;膀胱冲洗2~3d,拔导尿管5~7d;术后3d再出血1例,经DSA同侧髂内血管栓塞止血成功,排尿困难1例,短期尿失禁1例,其余患者术后均排尿通畅,控尿良好。结论开放性手术治疗巨大良性前列腺增生症,其梗阻解除彻底,是一种合理的治疗方法。恰当的手术方法是提高疗效及降低并发症的关键。     

前列腺癌基因诊断芯片的临床应用

目的应用基因芯片诊断前列腺癌.方法提取前列腺癌及正常前列腺组织总DNA并纯化mRNA,以包含了9个前列腺癌相关的特异基因和1个参照基因的xy检测系统cDNA临床芯片,对前列腺癌及正常前列腺组织的基因表达谱进行分析.结果9个前列腺癌相关基因检测中癌与正常组织存在显著差异,其中显著上调的有7条;显著下调有2条.结论前列腺癌临床基因诊断芯片作为前列腺癌分子水平的诊断的方法,有望提高前列腺癌的检出率.     

消炎痛栓致低血容量休克1例

病人，男，84岁，因左侧肢体活动不便14h，加重伴短暂意识不清2h，于2005年9月22日以脑出血收入院，病人体型消瘦。10月3日病人发热，体温38.5℃左右，遵医嘱给予消炎痛栓一枚肛入，30min后体温降至36.0℃，继之全身湿冷，大汗淋漓，表情淡漠，脉搏细弱，呼吸急促，测血压7/5.3kPa，立即给予吸氧5L/min、706代血浆、复方氯化钠注射液补充血容量，多巴胺注射液入液静脉输注，并及时更换被汗浸湿的被褥，擦干身体，有效保暖。密切监测生命体征及病情变化。1h后测体温35.6℃，脉搏100/min、血压10.7/8.0kPa，尿量50mL。15h后病人意识清楚，表情正常，测体温36.8℃，脉搏82/min，呼吸19/min，血压13.3/10.0kPa，考虑为低血容量性休克，该对症治疗病情稳定。     

FasL基因表达对缺氧状态下直肠癌细胞增殖凋亡的影响

Objective To elucidate the effect of FasL gene expression on the proliferation and apoptosis of hypoxic rectal carcinoma cells. Methods The normoxic expression level of FasL in HR-8348 subtype cells (HR-8348B, HR-8348L, HR-8348F and HR-8348As) with different invasive power were verified by Western blot. Hypoxia models for HR-8348B, HR-8348L, HR-8348F and HR-8348As were constructed with chemical modeling, then the FasL levels in all groups at 12 h after hypoxia were quantitated by Western blot. Distribution of different cell life cycles was determined with flow cytometry. Cell reproductive activities were detected with MTT method, and cell apoptesis was assessed with TUNEL. Results FasL protein was pigmentized at the position of 40 000 by Western blot, and the expression level of FasL was significantly higher in HR-8348F cells than those in HR-8348B, HR-8348L and HR-8348As cells(F=361.149, P<0.01) in normoxia. At 12 h after hypoxia, the FasL level was also significantly higher in HR-8348F cells than those in other groups (F=278.766, P<0.01), but was not markedly different as compared to themselves in normoxia (t=1.762, P>0.05). The proliferation index was significantly higher in HR-8348F (60.43±3.72) than those in HR-8348B (40.01±3.30), HR-8348L (41.30±4.06) and HR-8348As cells (35.87±4.39), respectively (F=39.477, P<0.01). However, both inhibition rate of proliferation and apoptotic index were remarkably lower in HR-8348F (17.30±1.98 and 13.10±1.04) than those in HR-834B (33.70±4.33 and 21.60±1.31), HR-8348L (34.20±3.92 and 20.10±1.15), and HR-8348As (38.00±4.55 and 23.90±1.23), respectively (F=28.811 and 76.462, respectively, P<0.01). Conclusion The expression enhancement of intracellular FasL in rectal carcinoma in hypoxia can lead to accelerated proliferation and reduced apeptosis of cells, which will promote tumor cells to adapt microenvironmental hypoxia.     

外科危重病人输血适应证选择及合理应用

输血在医疗活动中是很普遍的,美国北卡大学医学实验室的Hay等[1]在对北卡大学附属医院2004年死亡的病人进行回顾性调查分析后发现,有67.9%的病人输过血。大量的输血也造成了血源的紧张,目前我国无偿献血所能提供的血量只相当于临床需要量的60%,而输血的并发症也一直困扰着我们,     

氟伐他汀对缺血性脑卒中患者的疗效观察及护理措施

Objective To explore the effect and nursing main points of fluvastatin on the patients with cerebral arterial thrombosis. Methods Eighty-five patients with cerebral arterial thrombosis were randomly divided into three groups. Group Ⅰ was the negative control group. Group Ⅱ was the conventional-dose therapy group and group Ⅲ was the high-dose therapy group. Each group was treated with related therapy and care. The blood lipids in all groups were tested before the treatment, 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks after the treatment; the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were measured by the Germany SEQUOIAS-512-B ultra machine before the treatment and 24 weeks after the treatment; At the same time, the side effects of fluvastatin were recorded. Results The results of blood lipid tests showed that the LDL, TC and TG in two treated groups were significantly decreased compared to negative control group (P<0.05). After treated for 24 weeks, the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in two treated groups were significantly reduced (P<0.05); the side effects of fluvastatin were infrequent and there was no significant different among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The effects of different doses of fluvastatin on cerebral arterial thrombosis were significantly different. With the dose of fluvastatin increased, the serum LDL-L and TC reduced more obvious and the inhibition on carotid atherosclerosis shows more obvious, and the side effects did not increased.     

三七粉末透皮吸收研究

目的 :研究三七粉末的透皮吸收性及选择最佳促透剂。方法 :设计体外离体透皮试验法 (即用离体鼠皮在单室扩散池中进行试验 ) ,测定不同时间三七粉末中有关成分的透皮总量 (以三七皂苷为对照 ) ,计算透皮吸收率及促透剂的促透倍数。结果 :三七粉末的丙二醇溶液有一定透皮吸收能力 ,不同浓度的氮酮 (Azone)对其具有显著的促透作用 ,但Azone的促透效果与其剂量不呈直线关系 ,5 %Azone效果好于 7%Azone。结论 :本方法简便、易于操作、重现性较好 ,可用于制剂工艺研究中促透剂的选择