激光治疗闭角型青光眼

目的：评价激光虹膜切除治疗闭角型青光眼临床疗效。方法：应用Nd：YAG激光于上方或下方作周边虹膜切除。结果：107例122眼闭角型青光眼术后经过2—106月随访观察，成功115眼，失败7眼。结论：激光虹膜切除术治疗闭角型青光眼安全、有效。     

西尼地平的抗高血压作用及交感神经抑制活性

目的 介绍西尼地平的临床前药理研究及临床应用。方法 检索Medline，查找原。结果 西尼地平不仅能阻滞血管平滑肌上的L-型Ca^2 通道，还能阻滞交感神经元上的N-型Ca^2 通道。西尼地平无降压所导致的反射性交感神经兴奋，对原发性高血压病人能有效降压，且不引起心率加快。结论 西尼地平可能会成为新一代抗高血压的典型药物。     

镁与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病:附55例临床分析

目的:探讨镁与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的关系。方法:随机选择HIE病例55例和对照组25例,将其入院后第一次血清镁测量值进行对比,结果进行u检验。结果:血清镁HIE组为(0.65±0.14)mmol/l,对照组为(0.80±0.09)mmol/l,P<0.01。结论:新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病有低镁倾向,且病情程度越重,血镁降低越明显。     

利培酮与氯丙嗪治疗精神分裂症对心电图的影响

目的 :了解和比较利培酮与氯丙嗪对心电图的影响。方法 :对服用利培酮及氯丙嗪的精神分裂症患者分别定期心电图检查 ,时间为服药后 2、4周。结果 :利培酮组和氯丙嗪组出现异常分别为 11.5 %和 4 2 .5 % ,两者有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :利培酮对心电图影响明显低于氯丙嗪。     

通络助孕方对慢性炎症大鼠输卵管的影响

目的 :观察中药通络助孕方对慢性炎症大鼠模型输卵管病理形态学和受孕率的影响 ,并探讨其疗效机理。方法 :用混合菌接种法制作大鼠慢性炎症动物模型 ,以不同剂量的通络助孕方和对照药妇炎康治疗后 ,观察用药前后光镜和电镜下输卵管病理形态学改变情况 ,并追踪大鼠受孕情况。结果 :通络助孕方和对照药能不同程度恢复模型大鼠输卵管病理形态学改变 ,并提高了受孕率。结论 :模型大鼠输卵管组织呈慢性炎症表现 ,混合菌接种法可以成功制作大鼠慢性炎症模型 ;通络助孕方能改善输卵管结构和功能 ,从而对大鼠炎性不孕具有很好的治疗作用     

咽食管括约肌切开术在喉全切除术后发音重建中的作用

目的　探讨咽食管括约肌切开术对减少咽食管括约肌失弛缓对喉全切除术后安装Blom Singer发音管发音重建的影响。方法　喉全切除术后 ,咽食管括约肌收缩或是痉挛都会不同程度地影响食管的气流并阻碍发音。咽食管括约肌的解剖位置是环咽肌以及其上的下咽缩肌的一部分和颈段食管上段的一部分。手术操作是在喉全切除术中、术后于气管造瘘口外上方切除长 5cm ,宽 1cm的咽食管括约肌。结果　 3 3例喉全切除术的患者进行咽食管括约肌切开术后有 3 2例发音成功 ,发音重建的成功率是 97%。其中包括 12例喉全切除术中I期进行环咽肌切开术 ,2 1例是Ⅱ期进行咽食管括约肌切开术的 ,后者又有 9例是安装Blom Singer发音管后发音不能再行咽食管括约肌切开术的。患者 3年存活 2 5例 ,5年存活 18例。同期行喉全切除术和咽食管括约肌切开术的 12例患者 ,Kaplan Meier法统计 3年生存率 81 82 % ,5年生存率 42 86%。结论　咽食管括约肌切开术能提高Blom Singer发音管发音重建的成功率。     

Absorption/metabolism of sulforaphane and quercetin, and regulation of phase II enzymes, in human jejunum in vivo.

For the first time the human intestinal effective permeability, estimated from the luminal disappearance and intestinal metabolism of phytochemicals, sulforaphane and quercetin-3,4'-glucoside, as well as the simultaneous changes in gene expression in vivo in enterocytes, has been studied in the human jejunum in vivo (Loc-I-Gut). Both compounds as components of an onion and broccoli extract could readily permeate the enterocytes in the perfused jejunal segment. At the physiologically relevant, dietary concentration tested, the average effective jejunal permeability (Peff) and percentage absorbed (+/- S.D.) were 18.7 +/- 12.6 x 10-4 cm/s and 74 +/- 29% for sulforaphane and 8.9 +/- 7.1 x 10-4 cm/s and 60 +/- 31% for quercetin-3,4'-diglucoside, respectively. Furthermore, a proportion of each compound was conjugated and excreted back into the lumen as sulforaphane-glutathione and quercetin-3'-glucuronide. The capacity of the isolated segment to deconjugate quercetin from quercetin-3,4'-diglucoside during the perfusion was much higher than the beta-glucosidase activity of the preperfusion jejunal contents, indicating that the majority (79-100%) of the beta-glucosidase capacity derives from the enterocytes in situ. Simultaneously, we determined short-term changes in gene expression in exfoliated enterocytes, which showed 2.0 +/- 0.4-fold induction of glutathione transferase A1 (GSTA1) mRNA (p < 0.002) and 2.4 +/- 1.2-fold induction of UDP-glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) mRNA (p < 0.02). The changes in gene expression were also seen in differentiated Caco-2 cells, where sulforaphane was responsible for induction of GSTA1 and quercetin for induction of UGT1A1. These results show that food components have the potential to modify drug metabolism in the human enterocyte in vivo very rapidly.     

菲立磁增强MRI对肝脏局灶性病变的诊断价值

目的:探讨菲立磁增强MRI检查在肝脏局灶性病变诊断中的应用价值.方法:对34例临床怀疑有肝脏占位性病变,行常规MR或CT检查诊断困难的患者行菲立磁增强MR检查.用定量的方法研究增强前后T1WI及T2WI图像上病灶信号强度的变化,采用配对t检验分析其变化的显著性.结果:增强后肝脏实质T2WI信号明显降低,良、恶性病变的信号变化不同.病变的检出量增加,显示更清楚.结论:菲立磁增强MR检查可明显提高肝脏局灶性病变的检出率及鉴别诊断的准确性.     

红细胞在抗肿瘤治疗中的作用

红细胞不仅可以运送氧、二氧化碳和清除循环免疫复合物，还能够识别、黏附、提呈肿瘤抗原，此外红细胞能够促进免疫细胞吞噬和杀伤肿瘤细胞的能力，因此红细胞在机体抗肿瘤免疫发挥重要作用。近年来，红细胞也可以开发作为药物载体治疗肿瘤，这与红细胞自身具有生物相容性和半透膜的特性有关。药物可以倍助渗透压梯度的不同、抗生素提高膜通透性，膜受体介导连接，以及交联介导连接等方法载入。已载入红细胞的药物半衰期延长，缓慢释放，受体液中酶等具有生物活性的物质降解，并且可以减轻药物毒副作用。缺点在于其靶向性单一。     

Quantitative Detection of Interleukin 8 Gene Expression in Lung Cancer by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To develop a method for absolute quantification of interleukin 8 (IL—8) mRNA by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods The IL —8 mRNA and protein expression in 2 human lung cancer cell lines, H460 and A549, were evaluated by real-time PCR and ELISA. The IL-8 mRNA expression in 9 cases of normal lung tissue and 44 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were examined. Results The IL—8 mRNA copy number in a given sample can be measured by real-time PCR. The gene expression of IL—8 is correlated with its protein secretion. The normalized value of IL—8 expression was 4.87±1.69 (copies/ 10⁴ GAPDH copies) in normal lung tissue and 17.04 ±23.96 in NSCLC, respectively. The difference between these two groups is statistically significant (P=0.002). Using 9.74 and 19.48 as cut-off points for positive expression and overexpression of IL—8, 52.3%(23/44cases) of NSCLC were found to express an increased level of IL-8, among which 29.5% (13/ 44cases) were defined as positive expression and 22.7%(10/44cases) as overexpression. Statistical analysis indicated that IL—8 overexpression was significantly increased in female cancers, squamous carcinoma, and in late stages of disease (P<0.05). Conclusion The IL—8 gene expression can be determined by a real-time PCR technique. IL -8 overexpression is correlated with gender, histopathology and stages of the disease.