Preoperative Estimated Risk of Microvascular Invasion is Associated with Prognostic Differences Following Liver Resection Versus Radiofrequency Ablation for Early Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Annals of Surgical Oncology - The aim of this study was to examine prognostic differences between liver resection (LR) and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma...     

Clinicopathological characteristics,prognosis, and chemosensitivity in patients with metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma

PurposeTo investigate the clinical characteristics, chemosensitivity, and outcome of metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Patients and MethodsRecords of patients with metastatic UTUC since January 2005 were retrieved from a database that included clinical and survival data. Statistical analyses including survival and multivariate analyses of factors were respectively performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsA total of 250 consecutive UTUC cases were evaluated. There were 56 patients (22.4%) with initially diagnosed stage IV disease. The most common metastatic sites were lung (39.6%), distant lymph nodes (39.2%), bone (19.6%), liver (18.0%), and adrenal gland (7.2%), respectively, and the local recurrence rate was 10.4%. Two hundred thirteen patients received first-line chemotherapy. The overall response rate was only 28.7% and the median progression-free survival time was only 5.0 months. The overall survival time of the cohort was 18.0 months. Multivariate analyses showed that initially diagnosed stage IV disease, number of metastatic organs ≥3, no response to chemotherapy and cycles of chemotherapy ≤2 were adverse prognosticators for overall survival.ConclusionUTUC presented to be more prone to metastasize than locally recur and thought to have low chemosensitivity. Stage IV disease at initial diagnosis, number of metastatic organs, response and cycles of chemotherapy were independent prognosticators for metastatic UTUC.     

产气荚膜梭菌毒素研究进展

产气荚膜梭菌通过产生大量的毒素导致人类和动物患气性坏疽、肠炎和肠毒素血症。目前,已知产气荚膜梭菌可产生20多种毒素和水解酶。不同的毒素类型与特定的疾病类型相关。毒素分型已由毒素基因的分子检测替代了传统的血清分型方法。因此本文围绕产气荚膜梭菌毒素种类、基本特征、致病机制以及与疾病的关系进行系统回顾总结和展望,为后续的毒素分型等快速检测技术的建立、免疫抗原筛选、抗体制备以及相关致病机制研究提供基础。     

微量补体反应性溶血测定法

本文报道从酵母多糖活化的急性期患者血浆中分离Ｃ＾－５６复合物，并经ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素ＤＥ－３２阴离子交换层析纯化。利用微孔板和自动微孔板测定仪建立了一种简单，灵敏，准确的微量反应性溶血测定法。     

大鼠膈腹膜间皮孔的电镜观察

用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察了正常大鼠膈腹膜间皮，并观察了腹膜腔内注射中国墨汁和兔血液后大鼠膈腹膜间皮的变化以及腹膜腔和间皮下毛细淋巴管的关系。     

I型内皮素受体反义寡聚核苷酸抑制VSMC增殖及内膜增生

目的　观察 型内皮素受体 (ETA)反义寡核苷酸(ODN)对血管平滑肌细胞 (VSMC)增殖和内膜增生的抑制作用 .方法　 1细胞培养 :取家兔主动脉中膜消化后培养传代 ,经抗 α- actin鉴定后使用第 4～ 6代传代细胞 ;2人工合成ODN:经 Genbank检索筛选 ,合成含 18bp ETA- ODN片段 ,再对 5 端硫代修饰以增加稳定性 ,同时行地高辛标记以检测反义片段的细胞膜穿透性 ;3 MTT分光光度法检测 ETA-ODN对 VSMC增殖的抑制作用 ;4运用放射受体结合分析法 (1 2 5I- ET- 1)了解 ODN对 ETA蛋白表达的抑制作用 ,以探讨其反义作用 ;5兔颈动脉空气干燥模型在体研究 ODN对血管内膜增生的抑制作用 :应用 F- 12 7凝胶载体携带 ETA-ODN(3.0μmol· L- 1 )导入血管周围 ,术后不同时间观察增生内膜相对厚度 .结果　 ODN于培养后 12 h进入细胞内 ,并逐渐增加 ;15 μmol· L- 1 ETA- ODN对 VSMC增殖具有抑制作用 ,2 4h后即有显著作用 ;ETA- ODN对 ETA表达亦有明显的抑制作用 ,表现为 CPM于 2 4h逐渐减少 ;ETA- ODN导入后 ,血管增生内膜相对厚度减少 .结论　 ETA- ODN以浓度和时间依赖方式抑制 ETA蛋白表达以及 VSMC的增殖 ;反义寡核苷酸是通过反义机制实现对 ETA蛋白和 VSMC增殖的抑制作用     

抗天疱疮抗体阻断棘层松解的实验研究

目的 研究抗天疱疮抗体对天疱疮抗体棘层松解的阻断作用,探讨天疱疮治疗的新途径。方法 制备出小鼠抗天疱疮抗体,在体外天疱疮器官培养基础上,采用病理学及直接免疫荧光技术,观察不同浓度及时相抗天疱疮抗体对天疱疮抗体致棘层松解的阻断效果。结果 抗天疱疮抗本在体外与天疱疮抗体结合后,能有效地减少天疱疮抗体与角质形成细胞的结合,小剂量时能减轻天疱疮抗体致棘层松解的程度,大剂量时则能基本阻断棘层松解的发生。结论 抗天疱疮抗体与天疱疮抗体结合后能有效地减轻或阻断棘层松解的发生。     

几丁糖预防屈肌腱粘连的临床效果

目的：观察几丁糖预防肌腱粘连的临床效果。方法：对Ⅱ区肌腱损伤４８例７２条肌腱断裂行一期修复,术中采用改良Ｋｅｓｓｌｅｒ法缝合肌腱,在肌腱鞘管内注入２％医用几丁糖０．５￣１．０ｍｌ,缝合皮肤。     

外周血端粒酶的活性与高血压病

目的：探讨高血压病患外周血单个核细胞的端粒酶活性。方法：用端粒酶ＰＣＲ－ＥＬＩＳＡ方法测定９０例高血压病患与５６例血压正常外击血端粒酶的活性。结果：高血压组外周血单个核细胞的端粒酶活性比对照组明显增高（分别为５７％和２３％,Ｐ〈０．０００１）,经多因素Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｃ回归分析,显示影响血压的主要因素是年龄、体重指数、血胰岛素水平和端粒酶;与端粒酶高表达有关的主要因素是高血压和淋巴细胞数,进一步     

氯沙坦治疗老年高血压病的临床观察

氯沙坦是临床应用的一种新型抗高血压药物,它是一种非肽类血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)受体拮抗剂,选择性、竞争性的与AⅡ受体亚型Ⅰ型受体(AT1)结合,从而阻滞了AT1介导的生理学效应,达到控制血压、保护靶器官的目的.国外已有不少关于氯沙坦临床研究的报告,结果表明氯沙坦每日一次口服50 mg可有效地控制血压[1].而且氯沙坦与转换酶抑制剂相似,可以改善与肾血流动力学有关的肾损害及改善心脏功能[2].有关报道特别提到对老年高血压病有益[3],国内有关报道较少,为此我们观察了一组病人氯沙坦的降压疗效,同时观察了氯沙坦对肾素血管紧张素系统(RAS)、尿微量蛋白、尿素氮、肌酐、内生肌酐清除率、脂代谢的影响以及病人的耐受性.