丹参对激素性股骨头坏死的疗效及作用机制的研究概述

通过对相关文献归纳总结,从中西医两个方面论述激素性股骨头坏死的机制,介绍丹参的药理学研究,分析其对激素性股骨头坏死(Steroid-induced Avasulat Necrosis of the Fcromal Head)的疗效及作用机制,即疏通微循环、改善血液性能、发挥类雌激素作用等。总结丹参与其他疗法耦合对股骨头坏死的效果。     

蒙药广枣中3种黄酮类成分对离体心功能的影响

采用Langendorff灌流法,观察广枣中3种黄酮类成分对离体心功能的影响,为找到一种抗心律失常作用较强的主要化学单体或简单复合物打下基础.结果表明：样品1和样品2减慢心率作用在0.027g生药1/ml～0.22g生药/ml范围内,具有明显的浓度依赖性,当浓度大于0.22g生药/ml时,减慢心率作用反而随着剂量增加而减小;样品3减慢心率作用与剂量成反比.在0.027g生药1ml～1.72g生药/ml范围内,样品1、样品2和样品3使心肌收缩幅度的变化均无统计学意义.结论：广枣中3种黄酮类成分均可减慢心率,对心肌收缩力影响不明显.     

不同时间行胆囊结石并急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术对比研究

目的探讨不同时间行急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床疗效。方法回顾分析我院2007年10月至2012年10月117例急性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床资料。按照发病距手术时间将患者分为3组:A组(24h内)、B组(24-72h)、C组(72h-1周),各组患者均行腹腔镜胆囊切除术,对患者术前一般情况、术中病理改变、手术时间、术中出血量、中转开腹率及术后并发症和住院费用进行对比。结果本组117例中转开腹率为14.5%,其中A组中转率为0,B组中转率为13%,C组中转率为34.3%,组内比较及组间两两比较P<0.05。C组胆囊被大网膜包裹及胆囊三角呈纤维化改变及行胆囊大部分切除比率均明显高于A组及B组(P<0.05)。B组和C组均有胆囊坏疽,两组间无明显差异性(P>0.05),而A内组胆囊坏疽为0。手术时间及术中出血量组内比较及组间两两比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05),但胆管损伤和术后胆漏等严重并发症无明显区别(P>0.05)。术后住院排气时间及术后住院天数,C组明显长于A组和B组(P<0.05),而A内组和B组中间无显著性差异(P<0.05)。A组住院总费用最低,各组间比P<0.05。结论胆囊结石并急性胆囊炎腹腔镜切除术是安全的,但距起病时间大于72h时手术风险和难度均增大,中转开腹比率增加,以起病24h内手术时机最佳。     

Calycosin and formononetin from astragalus root enhance dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 and nitric oxide synthase expressions in Madin Darby Canine Kidney II cells

Nitric oxide (NO) is a crucial vasodilator produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous NOS inhibitor and mainly catabolized by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH). As we reported, the antihypertensive effect of shichimotsukokato (SKT), a formula of Japanese traditional kampo medicine consisting of 7 crude drugs, in 5/6 nephrectomized rats, is mediated by the DDAH-ADMA-NO pathway. Our present study aimed to explore the effective compounds of SKT using Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) II cells. We isolated two isoflavones, calycosin and formononetin from astragalus root, one of the components of SKT, which can promote DDAH2 protein and mRNA expressions in MDCK II cells. The neuronal NOS levels were also upregulated by the treatment of calycosin and formononetin. These results suggest that calycosin and formononetin could be the active ingredients of astragalus root and SKT that cause antihypertensive effects. The increased levels of DDAH2 and NOS may enhance NO production, decrease ADMA level and improve endothelial and cardiovascular dysfunction.     

HPLC法测定二甲氨基阿格拉宾盐酸盐的含量

摘 要 目的: 建立二甲氨基阿格拉宾盐酸盐的含量测定方法。方法: 色谱柱为氨基柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,以乙腈 0.01 mol·L^-1磷酸铵（用磷酸调节pH至6.5）（60∶〖KG-*2〗40）为流动相,流速为1.0 ml·min^-1,检测波长为210 nm,柱温30 ℃,进样量20 μl。结果:二甲氨基阿格拉宾盐酸盐与阿格拉宾及其他杂质之间能够达到很好分离;二甲氨基阿格拉宾盐酸盐在1.0～6.0 mg·ml^-1浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率为99.07%,RSD为0.76%（n=9）。结论:该法测定二甲氨基阿格拉宾盐酸盐含量,简便、准确、重复性好。     

木丹颗粒治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的临床观察

目的 观察木丹颗粒治疗糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的临床疗效.方法 DPN患者164例,随机分为治疗组1,治疗组2,和对照组.三组均给予基础治疗.治疗组1服木丹颗粒:7.0日3次;治疗组2服木丹颗粒:7.0日3次和弥可保:0.5mg日3次;对照组只服弥可保:0.5mg日3次;治疗8周.结果 治疗组1、治疗组2与对照组比较,P＜ 0.05,有显著差异.治疗组2与组1比较,P＜0.05.结论 木丹颗粒治疗DPN临床安全有效,联合弥可保临床效果显著.     

HPLC法测定复方盐酸左氧氟沙星滴眼液中3组分的含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定盐酸左氧氟沙星滴眼液中盐酸左氧氟沙星、盐酸萘甲唑啉及地塞米松磷酸钠含量的方法。方法：色谱柱为Kromasil C_（18）柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,流动相为三乙胺溶液-甲醇-乙腈（50：45：5）,流速1.0 ml·min~（-1）,检测波长222 nm,柱温为25℃,进样量10μl。结果：盐酸左氧氟沙星、盐酸萘甲唑啉及地塞米松磷酸钠的线性范围分别为0.124 3~2.486 0μg（r=0.999 9）,0.011 3~0.226.0μg（r=0.999 9）,0.040 5~0.810 0μg（r=0.999 9）,平均回收率分别为99.22%（RSD=0.72%,n=9）,99.87%（RSD=0.86%,n=9）,100.02%（RSD=0.91%,n=9）。结论：本方法简单、快速、准确,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

剖宫产术后应用静脉自控止痛泵的临床观察

目的观察静脉自控止痛泵(PCIA)给药对剖宫产术后患者的镇痛效果及不良反应。方法实验组232例产妇剖宫产术后应用PCIA镇痛;对照组192例采用间断肌内注射止痛药镇痛,比较两组镇痛效果。结果实验组镇痛效果、睡眠时间、下地活动时间、减少恶心呕吐不良反应等方面均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后24 h出血量、排气时间两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论剖宫产术后应用PCIA镇痛经济有效,操作简单安全,值得广泛推广,有助于为广大产妇提供更加人性化的服务。     

Past decade study of snake venom l-amino acid oxidase

As one of the major protein (enzyme) components of snake venom (SV), l-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) plays an important role in the toxicities and biological activities for SV. Accumulated researches in the past decade gradually revealed that SV-LAAOs induce platelet aggregation, cell apoptosis and cytotoxicity, and have anti-microbial, anti-leishmaniasis, anti-tumor and anti-HIV activity. Except for the enzymatic and structural characteristics of SV-LAAOs, the biological functions of SV-LAAOs and relevant action mechanisms are also summarized and discussed in the review. This work might provide useful inputs for future studies on SV-LAAOs.     

1,2-二氯乙烷对淋巴细胞DNA损伤的γH2AX识别抗体流式细胞术检测

目的 探讨γH2AX识别抗体流式细胞术(FCM)检测1,2-二氯乙烷(1,2-DCE)接触工人外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的可行性及1,2-DCE对健康人外周血淋巴细胞DNA的损伤.方法 提取某制鞋厂接触1,2-DCE的工人21例(接触组)和该厂未接触1,2-DCE的工人27例(内对照组)及某海岛非职业接触有害因素居民28例(外对照组)的外周血淋巴细胞,采用FCM法检测淋巴细胞DNA损伤情况;用不同浓度(5、10、20和30 μmol/L)的1,2-DCE分别对健康人外周血淋巴细胞体外染毒0.5、1.0 h,采用FCM法检测淋巴细胞DNA损伤情况.结果 接触组工人DNA损伤率(4.05%±2.55%)明显高于内对照组工人(1.97%±1.40%)和外对照组人群(0.23%±0.13%),内对照组明显高于外对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);接触组工人外周血淋巴细胞的几何平均荧光强度(3.33±3.01)与内对照组(2.07±0.58)比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).接触组不同工龄工人DNA损伤率和外周血淋巴细胞的几何平均荧光强度比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).体外染毒0.5 h时,20、30μmol/L染毒组外周血淋巴细胞的几何平均荧光强度与阴性对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).体外染毒1.0 h时,20、30μmol/L染毒组的DNA损伤率与阴性对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),10、20、30 μmol/L染毒组外周血淋巴细胞的几何平均荧光强度与阴性对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 1,2-DCE具有遗传损伤作用,FCM法是一种检测外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的有效方法.

Abstract：

Objective To study DNA damage of human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to 1,2dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) with flow cytometry (FCM) assay. Methods The lymphocytes were obtained from 21 workers who are occupationally exposed to 1, 2-DCE (exposed group ) and 27 workers who were not exposed to 1,2-DCE in the same factory (inner control ) and 28 island residents who had never been occupationally exposed to adverse factors (external control ). FCM assay was adopted to detect DNA damage of the lymphocvtes of each group. Lymphocytes of the health people were incubated with 1 ,2 - DCE at different doses, and FCM assay was used to detect DNA damage. Results DNA damage rate (%) of the exposed group of exposed workers (4.05%±2.55%) was significantly higher than the inner control group of workers ( 1.97%± 1.40% ) and external control groups of island residents (0.23%±0.13%), and the DNA damage of inner control was higher than the external control, all the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05 ).The geometric mean fluorescence intensity of the workers in the exposed group (3.33±3.01) was significantly higher than the (2.07±0.58) only (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the DNA damage rate as well as the geometric mean fluorescence intensity among the exposed group of workers with different years of working period (P＞0.05). In vitro, the fluorescence intensity at the dose of 20,30 μmol/L for 0.5 h exposure showed statistical significance compared with the negative control group (P＜0.01). The DNA damage rate at the dose of 20, 30μmol/L for 1.0 h exposure was statistically significant compared with the negative control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01 ); The fluorescence intensity at the dose of 10,20,30 μmol/L for 1.0 h exposure was statistically significant compared with the negative control group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01 ). Conclusion 1 ,2-DEC can cause DNA damage. And γH2AX FCM assay can be a sensitive, objective and effective method of detecting DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes.