Abnormal neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult mice lacking 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2 D3)

In this study, we employed 1α-hydroxylase knockout (1α-(OH)ase(-/-) ) mice to investigate the influence of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D(3) (1,25-(OH)(2) D(3) ) deficiency on the adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). The numbers of both 24-hr-old BrdU(+) cells and proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive cells in 8-week-old 1α-(OH)ase(-/-) mice increased approximately twofold compared with wild-type littermates. In contrast, the numbers of 7- and 28-day-old BrdU(+) cells in 1α-(OH)ase(-/-) mice decreased by 50% compared with wild-type mice, while the proportion of BrdU(+) /NeuN(+) cells in BrdU(+) population showed no difference between 1α-(OH)ase(-/-) and wild-type mice. Apoptotic cells in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of DG markedly increased in 1α-(OH)ase(-/-) mice. Replenishment of 1,25-(OH)(2) D(3) , but not correction of serum calcium and phosphorus levels, completely prevented changes in the neurogenesis in 1α-(OH)ase(-/-) mice. The absence of 1,25-(OH)(2) D(3) led to an increase in the expression of L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (L-VGCC) and a decrease in the nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA level. Treatment with the L-VGCC inhibitor nifedipine blocked the increased cell proliferations by 1,25-(OH)(2) D(3) deficiency. Administration of NGF significantly attenuated the loss of newborn neurons in 1α-(OH)ase(-/-) mice.     

骨髓间充质干细胞分泌基质细胞衍生因子1对异体T淋巴细胞和白血病细胞HL-60增殖的影响

背景：骨髓间充质干细胞持续分泌的基质细胞衍生因子1与其受体CXCR4的相互作用，不仅在细胞的炎症反应、造血干细胞的迁移与归巢等生物学过程中发挥作用，还在肿瘤的发生、转移、复发、免疫耐受及血管新生过程中扮演重要角色。 目的：探讨骨髓间充质干细胞分泌的基质细胞衍生因子1对T淋巴细胞及白血病细胞HL-60增殖的影响。 设计：细胞学体外对照观察。 材料：骨髓标本来自本院血液科异基因骨髓移植供者及骨髓象正常的非白血病患者，T淋巴细胞来源于健康志愿者，急性髓性白血病细胞株HL-60为本实验室液氮冷冻保存，CXCR4单克隆抗体12G5为eBioscience公司产品。 方法：应用Ficoll密度梯度离心法分离骨髓间充质干细胞，传至第3代后收集培养5 d的细胞上清，离心去沉淀后备用。应用尼龙棉柱法分离异体外周血T淋巴细胞，调整细胞密度为2×109 L-1备用。T淋巴细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞的共培养实验设立3组：T淋巴细胞组、T淋巴细胞+细胞上清组、T淋巴细胞+细胞上清+单抗组。HL-60细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞的共培养实验设立3组：HL-60细胞组、HL-60细胞+细胞上清组、HL-60细胞+细胞上清+单抗组。 主要观察指标：MTT法检测T淋巴细胞及HL-60细胞在应用单克隆抗体12G5前后的增殖情况。 结果：与T淋巴细胞组比较，T淋巴细胞+细胞上清组、T淋巴细胞+细胞上清+单抗组的吸光度值均明显降低（P < 0.05），后两组间比较差异无显著性意义（P > 0.05）。与HL-60细胞组比较，HL-60细胞+细胞上清组吸光度值明显升高（P < 0.05）；与HL-60细胞+细胞上清组比较，HL-60细胞+细胞上清+单抗组的吸光度值明显降低（P < 0.05）。 结论：加入单克隆抗体12G5阻断基质细胞衍生因子1的生物学效应后，不影响骨髓间充质干细胞上清液抑制T淋巴细胞增殖的效果，但可以抑制白血病细胞HL-60的增殖。     

脓疱型银屑病15例临床分析

通过对15例脓疱型银屑病的临床资料分析,指出在发病诱因中、滥用皮质激素是导致由寻常型转为脓疮型的重要因素。防治方面,严重病例应早期使用皮质类固醇激素,并适时加用MTX（氨甲碟呤）。而对初发病例,病情不甚严重者、则以抗菌素加其他治疗,而不宜以皮质激素为首选药物。     

Endoscopic features of esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia dominated by cytological atypia

Little is known about esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia dominated by cytological atypia (HGINc). We aimed to elucidate the endoscopic features of HGINc compared with esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia dominated by architectural atypia (HGINa). All patients pathologically diagnosed as esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia after endoscopic submucosal dissection at our center between January 2018 and December 2019 were included in this study. According to the pathological diagnosis, the patients were divided into two groups: HGINa group and HGINc group. Basic characteristics and endoscopic information were collected in detail. Data were analyzed statistically. Binary logistic regression was performed and a predictive model for HGINc was established. Then we evaluated its predictive value and built a nomogram for clinical application. A total of 175 patients were included in this study (126 with HGINa and 49 with HGINc). Among 228 lesions found in all patients, there were 148 HGINa and 80 HGINc. The independent relevant factors for HGINc were tobacco and alcohol usage, color, and gross type. To predict risk of HGINc, a three-factor model (TFM) was established with a highest area under curve (AUC) as 0.869 (95% CI, 0.852, 0.939). When the cut-off value was set as 0.3569184, the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for HGINc was 81.14%, 88.75%, 77.03%, 67.62%, and 92.68%, respectively. HGINc differs greatly in endoscopic features from HGINa in our study. It’s important to reduce misdiagnosis that our model was established with good predictive value for clinical application.     

The impact of spleen volume on the survival of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients receiving nanoliposomal irinotecan

Nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) plus 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (NalFL) comprises the current standard for gemcitabine-failed metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). As liposomes generally accumulate in the spleen, we evaluated the impact of spleen volume on prognosis. We enrolled patients with metastatic PDAC who failed gemcitabine-based therapy and were initiated on NalFL between August 2018 and November 2020. The spleen volume before NalFL administration was evaluated. They were stratified into dose subgroups (i.e. low, < 48 mg/m²; intermediate, 48 - < 64 mg/m²; high, ≥ 64 mg/m²) by the average nal-IRI dose during the entire treatment, and multivariate analysis of overall survival (OS) was performed. We included 547 patients with a median age of 63 years (range, 27-89 years) and a median of 1 (range, 0-7) palliative chemotherapy regimen. The median spleen volume was 245 mL (range, 82-817 mL). Among patients with splenomegaly (≥ 245 mL), the low-dose subgroup had the worst median time to treatment failure (TTF, 1.8 months vs. 2.5 months vs. 2.5 months, P = 0.020) and OS (3.3 months vs. 5.9 months vs. 6.6 months, P = 0.018) as against no prognostic impact in patients without splenomegaly. In the multivariate analysis of patients with splenomegaly, performance status (PS) ≥ 2, body surface area (BSA) < 1.6 m², prior fluoropyrimidine use, liver metastasis, and low-dose subgroup were independent poor prognostic factors. A low average nal-IRI dose was significantly associated with poor prognosis, especially among patients with splenomegaly. Further pharmacological studies should validate the relevance of spleen volume on the treatment outcomes of nal-IRI.     

负压封闭引流技术治疗烧伤52例

目的 探讨负压封闭引流技术（VSD）治疗烧伤的疗效.方法 选择108例烧伤患者,分为VSD组和换药组进行回顾性分析.接受VSD治疗患者52例,接受传统换药治疗患者56例.结果 相似的创面条件下,观察组的愈合时间和总疗程明显少于对照组（P＜0.05）.观察组治疗比较满意,与对照组相比有显著性差异（P＜0.01）.结论 负压封闭引流技术治疗烧伤效果明显优于对照组,值得推广.     

Microstructure Evolution and Deformation Mechanisms of As-Cast Antibacterial Ti6Al4V-5Cu Alloy for Isothermal Forging Process

The hot workability behavior of antibacterial Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy was investigated using a hot compression experiment in the temperature range of 790–1040 °C and strain rate of 10⁻³–10 s⁻¹ with a strain of 0.4. The deformation behavior of the alloy was characterized by Gleeble 3800 compression experiment, and the relationship among deformed microstructures and deformation parameters was established. The deformations of Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy were temperature and strain rate-dependent. Higher temperature and lower strain rate made power dissipation efficiency (η) increase and reach 89%. The activation energies (Q) in the dual-phase (α + β) and single β phase regions were calculated as 175.43 and 159.03 kJ mol⁻¹, respectively. In the dual (α + β) phase region, with an increase in strain rate, flow-softening behavior was dominated, however in the single β phase region such as processing at 940 °C. Flow stress increased slightly in which work-hardening behavior was dominated (especially between strain rates of 10⁻³–1 s⁻¹). The deformation at various conditions exhibited different stress-strain profiles, providing an insight that work hardening and flow softening coexisted in Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy. The relative intensity of oscillatory change in flow stress profile decreased as the strain rate decreased. The hot workability of Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy was also accessed from the viewpoint of the sub-grain structure.     

Electrochemical Evaluation of Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo Alloy Welded Joint in Simulated Deep-Sea Environment

Titanium alloys have high specific strength and excellent corrosion resistance and have been applied in deep-sea engineering fields. However, stress corrosion cracking may become one of the biggest threats to the service safety of a high-strength titanium alloy, as well as its weldment. In this work, stress corrosion cracking of a gas-tungsten-arc-welded Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo (Ti6321) alloy influenced by the applied potentials in simulated deep-sea and shallow-sea environments was investigated by combining slow strain rate testing with electrochemical measurements. The results showed that the service environment and applied potential have a substantial effect on the stress corrosion cracking behavior of the Ti6321 welded joint. The Ti6321 welded joint exhibited higher stress corrosion susceptibility in a simulated deep-sea environment and at a strong polarization level owing to the diminishing protection of the passive film under passivation inhibition and the enhancement of the hydrogen effect. The fracture of a Ti6321 welded joint in the weld material could be attributed to the softening effect of the thick secondary α within the coarse-grained martensite. The electrochemical evaluation model of stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of a Ti6321 welded joint in a simulated marine environment was established by adding the criterion in the passivation region based on the literature model, and four potential regions corresponding to different stress corrosion cracking mechanisms were classified and discussed. Our study provides useful guidance for the deep-sea engineering applications of Ti6321 alloys and a rapid assessment method of stress corrosion risk.     

X线与CT诊断空洞型肺结核的价值分析

目的 探讨分析X线与CT诊断空洞型肺结核的价值.方法 在本院2016年2月~2017年2月间接诊的空洞型肺结核患者中随机选取50例作为本次研究的对象,对患者先后进行X线与CT检查,采用X线方式检查的为A组,采用CT方式检查的为B组.比较两种检查方法的差异性及临床诊断应用价值.结果 在50例确诊的患者中,常规X线胸片检查结果显示20例26个空洞,其中厚壁空洞11例,虫蚀样空洞2例,薄壁空洞7例;常规CT检查结果显示50例74个空洞,其中厚壁空洞32例,虫蚀样空洞4例,薄壁空洞14例.B组发现空洞个数及类型数量明显多于A组,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).B组的检查结果中发现空洞、卫星病灶、支气管播散、胸膜增厚、淋巴肿大、胸腔积液等个数明显多于A组,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).B组在病变分布检查中共检出128例,总检出率为93.4%,明显高于A组的64例和46.7%,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).B组病变隐藏部位的检出个数为25个,检出率为100.0%,明显高于A组的2个和8.0%的检出率,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 CT诊断空洞型肺结核与X线相比较更加全面、清晰、准确,具有较高的临床应用价值.