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51.
Lauren Butler Barry M. Popkin Jennifer M. Poti 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2018,118(3):409-420.e3
Background
Findings from studies of alcohol and obesity measures (eg, waist circumference [WC] and body mass index [BMI; calculated as kg/m2]) are conflicting. Residual confounding by dietary intake, inconsistent definitions of alcohol consumption across studies, and the inclusion of former drinkers in the nondrinking comparison group can contribute to the mixed literature.Objective
This study examines associations of alcoholic beverage consumption with dietary intake, WC, and BMI.Design
Cross-sectional data from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed.Participants/setting
Adults 20 to 79 years of age (n=7,436 men; n=6,939 women) were studied.Main outcome measures
Associations of alcoholic beverage consumption with energy (kcal), macronutrient and sugar intakes (% kcal), WC, and BMI were determined.Statistical analyses performed
Multivariable linear regression models were used to determine associations of average daily volume and drinking quantity (ie, drinks per drinking day) with dietary intake and obesity measures. Former and never drinkers were analyzed as distinct categories; associations of drinking with WC and BMI were examined with and without adjustment for dietary intake variables.Results
Heavier-drinking men (≥3 drinks/day) and women (≥2 drinks/day) consumed less nonalcoholic energy (β ?252 kcal/day, 95% CI ?346 to ?159 kcal/day and β ?159 kcal/day, 95% CI ?245 to ?73 kcal/day, respectively) than moderate drinkers (1 to 2 drinks/day in men and 1 drink/day in women). By average daily drinking volume, differences in WC and BMI between former and moderate drinkers were +1.78 cm (95% CI 0.51 to 3.05 cm) and +0.65 (95% CI 0.12 to 1.18) in men and +4.67 cm (95% CI 2.95 to 6.39 cm) and +2.49 (95% CI 1.64 to 3.34) in women. Compared with moderate drinking, heavier drinking volume was not associated with WC or BMI among men or women. In men, drinking ≥5 drinks/drinking day was associated with higher WC (β 3.48 cm, 95% CI 1.97 to 5.00 cm) and BMI (β 1.39, 95% CI 0.79 to 2.00) compared with men who consumed 1 to 2 drinks/drinking day. In women, WC and BMI were not significantly different for women drinking ≥4 drinks/drinking day compared with 1 drink/drinking day.Conclusions
Differences in dietary intake across drinking subgroups and separation of former drinkers from nondrinkers should be considered in studies of alcohol intake in relation to WC and BMI. 相似文献52.
Meredith Achey BM Jason L. Aldred MD Noha Aljehani MD Bastiaan R. Bloem MD PhD Kevin M. Biglan MD MPH Piu Chan MD PhD Esther Cubo MD PhD E. Ray Dorsey MD MBA Christopher G. Goetz MD Mark Guttman MD Anhar Hassan MB BCh FRACP Suketu M. Khandhar MD Zoltan Mari MD Meredith Spindler MD Caroline M. Tanner MD PhD Pieter van den Haak MSc Richard Walker MD Jayne R. Wilkinson MD 《Movement disorders》2014,29(7):871-883
Travel distance, growing disability, and uneven distribution of doctors limit access to care for most Parkinson's disease (PD) patients worldwide. Telemedicine, the use of telecommunications technology to deliver care at a distance, can help overcome these barriers. In this report, we describe the past, present, and likely future applications of telemedicine to PD. Historically, telemedicine has relied on expensive equipment to connect single patients to a specialist in pilot programs in wealthy nations. As the cost of video conferencing has plummeted, these efforts have expanded in scale and scope, now reaching larger parts of the world and extending the focus from care to training of remote providers. Policy, especially limited reimbursement, currently hinders the growth and adoption of these new care models. As these policies change and technology advances and spreads, the following will likely develop: integrated care networks that connect patients to a wide range of providers; education programs that support patients and health care providers; and new research applications that include remote monitoring and remote visits. Together, these developments will enable more individuals with PD to connect to care, increase access to expertise for patients and providers, and allow more‐extensive, less‐expensive participation in research. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society 相似文献
53.
Andrea K. Vaags PhD Sarah Bowdin BM MSc MRCPCH Mary‐Lou Smith PhD Brigitte Gilbert‐Dussardier MD Katja S. Brocke‐Holmefjord MD Katia Sinopoli PhD CPsych Cindy Gilles MSc Tove B. Haaland MD Catherine Vincent‐Delorme MD Emmanuelle Lagrue MD Radu Harbuz MD Susan Walker PhD Christian R. Marshall PhD Gunnar Houge MD PhD Vera M. Kalscheuer PhD Stephen W. Scherer PhD Berge A. Minassian MD 《Annals of neurology》2014,76(5):758-764
Synaptic function is central to brain function. Understanding the synapse is aided by studies of patients lacking individual synaptic proteins. Common neurological diseases are genetically complex. Their understanding is likewise simplified by studies of less common monogenic forms. We detail the disease caused by absence of the synaptic protein CNKSR2 in 8 patients ranging from 6 to 62 years old. The disease is characterized by intellectual disability, attention problems, and abrupt lifelong language loss following a brief early childhood epilepsy with continuous spike‐waves in sleep. This study describes the phenotype of CNKSR2 deficiency and its involvement in systems underlying common neurological disorders. Ann Neurol 2014;76:758–764 相似文献
54.
55.
Brian C. Case MD Sant Kumar BA Charan Yerasi MD Brian J. Forrestal MBBS Anees Musallam MD Chava Chezar-Azerrad MD Nauman Khalid MD Evan Shlofmitz DO Yuefeng Chen MD PhD Jaffar M. Khan BM BCh PhD Lowell F. Satler MD Itsik Ben-Dor MD Hayder Hashim MD Nelson L. Bernardo MD Toby Rogers MD PhD Ron Waksman MD 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》2021,98(3):572-577
56.
Jaffar M. Khan BM BCh Robert J. Lederman MD 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》2018,91(6):1052-1053
- Transcatheter electrosurgery has emerging value in a range of other new procedures that require traversing tissue (transcaval access, transcatheter Glenn Shunt) or slicing tissue (LAMPOON slicing of the mitral valve and BASILICA slicing of the aortic valve).
- This is the first report of bipolar radiofrequency wires used to cross lesions in humans, reported here in seven re‐entry CTO cases.
- The bipolar configuration may provide directionality to charge without need for wire alignment and advancement, but is theoretically disadvantageous for tissue “cutting” because of problems with charge concentration.
57.
Y K Shimizu A J Weiner J Rosenblatt D C Wong M Shapiro T Popkin M Houghton H J Alter R H Purcell 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1990,87(16):6441-6444
The cytoplasmic antigen and ultrastructural changes we described previously for chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) or with hepatitis D virus have recently been shown to be indirect measures of viral replication and appear to represent a host response to the expression or action of interferon. The time of appearance of these changes in hepatocytes during HCV infection, when compared with similar changes in hepatitis D virus infection, suggests a very early replicative phase for HCV. To investigate the early events in HCV infection, we infected two chimpanzees with HCV and obtained blood and liver biopsy samples from them daily during the first 10 days of infection. The early stage of infection with regard to HCV replication, antigen expression, and ultrastructural changes was similar in both chimpanzees. When tested by cDNA/polymerase chain reaction, HCV sequences became detectable in the serum as early as 3 days after inoculation and remained positive through the peak of aminotransferase elevations. In one chimpanzee the peak of virus production appeared to be 7 weeks after inoculation, which was coincident with rising enzyme values. The cytoplasmic antigen, detected by immunofluorescence, and ultrastructural changes, detected by electron microscopy, became positive in hepatocytes 3 and 6 days, respectively, after HCV sequences were first detected in serum. Circulating anti-HCV appeared 13 weeks and 32 weeks after inoculation, respectively, in the chimpanzees. These data indicate a very early replicative phase for HCV and a potentially long period of infectivity before the appearance of anti-HCV. 相似文献
58.
A study was conducted on the phosphorylation of proteins in the neutrophil cytosol in response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and N- formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). Autoradiography of gel electrophoretograms prepared from neutrophils incubated with 32Pi in the presence and absence of the activators showed nine proteins whose state of phosphorylation was affected by neutrophil activation. 32P was gained by eight of these proteins and was lost by the ninth. For all but one of these proteins, the change in the extent of labeling appeared to reach completion by one to two minutes. It was possible to quantitate the changes in 32P content of three of the nine proteins. One of these was the 20-kD protein that lost label when the neutrophils were activated. Quantitation showed that over half the 32P present in this protein in the resting state was gone within 0.2 minutes after activation. The other two were proteins weighing 11 and 69 kD. The phosphorylation characteristics of these two proteins differed, depending on whether activation had been carried out with PMA or fMLP. These differences in protein phosphorylation support other evidence suggesting that PMA and fMLP do not activate neutrophils by identical biochemical pathways. Differences in phosphorylation between resting and activated cells were not affected by dibutyryl cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), theophylline, aspirin, hydrocortisone, or colchicine. The differences were abolished, however, by 30 mumol/L trifluoperazine. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis that the calcium/calmodulin system plays a biochemical role in the activation of neutrophils. 相似文献
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