从天价医药费事件折射出当前我国医疗机构存在的问题

目前，我国许多医院的医疗卫生工作人员在为患者进行医疗卫生服务的过程中，为了医院和个人的经济利益，存在着过度医疗消费现象。最典型的是哈尔滨医科大学第二附属医院发生的天价医药费事件。导致这种现象出现的原因是由于法律的不健全、制度的不完善等而导致的监督力度不够，加之有些医务工作者在经济利益的驱使下使自己的职业道德滑坡，从而导致了老百姓看病贵现象的出现。     

脑卒中后抑郁症相关心理社会因素的对照研究

目的 探讨脑卒中后抑郁症相关的心理社会因素,以指导心理干预,提高生活质量。方法 30例卒中后抑郁患者为研究组,42例卒中后无抑郁患者为对照组。以医学应对问卷、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和Barthel指数(BI)为评定工具,对两组患者分别进行评定。结果研究组面对量表分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而屈服量表分显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。研究组SSRS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。两组BI评分差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 有针对性的心理教育性干预并加强社会支持可能对防治卒中后抑郁起重要作用。     

Hematoma Size in Deep Intracerebral Hemorrhage and its Correlation with Dot-Like Hemosiderin Spots on Gradient Echo T2*-Weighted MRI

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dot-like low intensity spots (dot-like hemosiderin spots: dotHSs) on gradient echo T2*-weighted MRI have been histologically diagnosed to represent old cerebral microbleeds associated with microangiopathies. They have also been correlated to the fragility of small vessels and the tendency to bleed. Therefore, a substantial number of dotHSs might be associated with a large-sized, deep intracerebral hematoma (ICH). On the other hand, dotHSs may reflect old microbleeds that did not enlarge to symptomatic size. METHODS: To investigate how dotHSs are related to the size (maximal diameter) of primary deep ICH, we analyzed the diameter and the number of dotHSs in 151 patients with deep ICH not associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage or intraventricular hemorrhage (75 males and 76 females, age ranged from 37 to 90 [65.7 +/- 11.3 years old] who were consecutively admitted to Hakodate Municipal Hospital. The hazard ratio (HR) for a maximal diameter of deep ICH < or =2 cm was estimated, using the number of dotHSs and risk factors for stroke. RESULTS: The number of dotHSs associated with the diameter < or =2 cm was 9.2 +/- 11.5, significantly larger than that with the diameter > or =2 cm (4.7 +/- 7.0, P= .012). Multivariate analysis revealed that a maximal diameter of deep ICH of < or =2 cm was found in patients with dotHS (HR, 3.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-10.1; P= .009). CONCLUSION: Though small sample size limited the power of our analyses, these findings suggest that the number of dotHSs may be associated with a small diameter of deep ICH.     

超短波对大鼠坐骨神经损伤后脊髓内GAP-43和CGRP表达的影响

目的探讨超短波对坐骨神经损伤后大鼠脊髓中GAP-43和CGRP表达的影响。方法60只成年雌性SD大鼠制成右侧坐骨神经钳夹损伤模型，随机分为超短波治疗组和非治疗对照组。免疫荧光方法观察术后1周、2周、4周、8周和12周不同时间点两组大鼠脊髓中GAP-43和CGRP表达的动态变化规律。结果大鼠坐骨神经损伤后脊髓内GAP-43和CGRPmRNA表达增强。术后1、2、4和8周超短波治疗组的变化与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），且GAP-43的表达在时间上早于对照组。结论超短波在早期能够明显增加GAP-43和CGRP的表达量，提示早期应用超短波治疗能够促进周围神经的     

Correction of frequency and phase variations induced by eddy currents in localized spectroscopy with multiple echo times.

As a consequence of the time-varying magnetic field induced by eddy currents, frequency drifting occurs when the sampling window of localized spectroscopy continuously shifts. The frequency drifting and the concomitant phase variations can severely affect spectroscopy results when data are acquired with multiple echo times (TEs), such as in the measurement of glutamate (Glu) concentration using the TE-averaged method. Specifically, the averaged spectra are further broadened and distorted in the presence of residual eddy currents, and editing of the coupled spins of Glu C4 protons is affected, resulting in errors in the measured relative intensity ratio. Postacquisition correction using unsuppressed water as reference can effectively minimize this detrimental effect, as manifested by the significantly enhanced signal intensity. Also, it is demonstrated that the methyl signals of creatine (Cr) at 3.0 ppm and choline (Cho) at 3.2 ppm can be used as internal references in finding frequency and phase disparities between different TEs.     

深化工科物理教学改革培养创新型人才

分析近年来国内高校教育形式的变化，肯定扎实学生基础、培养创新型人才的重要性，结合多年来在工科物理教改中的探索经验和初步成果，提出了深化工科物理教学改革、培养创新型人才的思路和实现途径。     

The Impact of Parity on Course of Labor in a Contemporary Population

Abstract: Background: Few studies have examined in depth the labor progression of multiparas to determine if there is any additional impact of being parous beyond the first birth. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of parity on labor progression in contemporary obstetric practice. Methods: Our sample consisted of all low‐risk women who delivered a term, live‐born infant from January 2002 to March 2004 at a single institution in Delaware, United States (n = 5,589). The median duration of labor by each centimeter of cervical dilation was computed for parity = 0 (n = 2,645); parity = 1 (n = 1,839); parity = 2 (n = 750); and parity = 3 + (n = 355). Results: Multiparas had a significantly faster labor progression from 4 to 10 cm (293, 300, and 313 min, respectively, for parity = 1, parity = 2, and parity = 3 +), compared with nulliparas (383 min for parity = 0), as well as a shorter second stage of labor. However, no significant differences were found in duration of the active phase or the second stage of labor among multiparas. Conclusions: Additional childbearing appears to have no effect of on the progression of labor among multiparous subgroups. The difference in duration of the active phase between nulliparas and multiparas is substantially smaller in a contemporary population. (BIRTH 33:1 March 2006)     

体外诱导条件下大鼠骨髓基质细胞骨钙素和Ⅰ型胶原mRNA的表达

目的　研究体外培养大鼠骨髓基质细胞诱导条件下 ,成骨分化标志骨钙素和 型胶原 m RNA水平的表达。方法　采用成骨诱导剂 (含地塞米松 10 - 8mol/ L、β甘油磷酸钠 10 mm ol/ L和抗坏血酸 AA 5 0μg/ml)对培养状态下的不同代大鼠骨髓基质细胞进行成骨诱导 ,提取 RNA,采用 RT- PCR方法 ,以β-肌动蛋白 c DNA为内参照 ,检测骨钙素和 型胶原 m RNA的表达。结果　与对照组相比 ,接受成骨诱导剂作用的大鼠骨髓基质细胞随诱导时间的延长骨钙素和 型胶原 m RNA出现高表达 ,且维生素 D为诱导骨钙素 m RNA表达的必需成分。结论　体外培养的大鼠骨髓基质细胞保持成骨未分化状态 ,无骨钙素和 型胶原 m RNA的表达 ,诱导后可向成骨分化 ,骨钙素和 型胶原 m RNA表达升高     

灰关联分析应用于因素分析时关联度指标的改进

本文指出在应用灰关联分析进行因素分析时传统的关联度计算方法的不足，并提出采用新的关联度指标来表示因素之间的关联关系，同时给出了实例介绍计算方法。