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Coadministration of HIV vaccine vectors with vaccinia viruses expressing IL-15 but not IL-2 induces long-lasting cellular immunity 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16 下载免费PDF全文
Oh S Berzofsky JA Burke DS Waldmann TA Perera LP 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2003,100(6):3392-3397
Vaccine efficacy is determined largely by cellular and humoral immunity as well as long-lasting immunological memory. IL-2 and IL-15 were evaluated in vaccinia vectors expressing HIV gp160 for the establishment of an effective vaccine strategy. Both IL-2 and IL-15 in the vaccinia vector induced strong and long-lasting antibody-mediated immunity as well as a short-term cytotoxic T cell response against HIV gp120. In addition, IL-15 also supported robust CD8+ T cell-mediated long-term immunity, whereas the CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity induced by IL-2 was short-lived. Moreover, we found that the cytokine milieu at the time of priming had surprisingly persistent effects on the character of the memory CD8 T cells long afterward with respect to their fate, functional activities, cytokine receptor expression, and antigen-independent proliferation. 相似文献
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Steven J. Smith Xue Zhi Zhao Dario Oliveira Passos Dmitry Lyumkis Terrence R. Burke Jr. Stephen H. Hughes 《Viruses》2021,13(2)
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are currently recommended for the first line treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1) infection. The first-generation INSTIs are effective but can select for resistant viruses. Recent advances have led to several potent second-generation INSTIs that are effective against both wild-type (WT) HIV-1 integrase and many of the first-generation INSTI-resistant mutants. The emergence of resistance to these new second-generation INSTIs has been minimal, which has resulted in alternative treatment strategies for HIV-1 patients. Moreover, because of their high antiviral potencies and, in some cases, their bioavailability profiles, INSTIs will probably have prominent roles in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Herein, we review the current state of the clinically relevant INSTIs and discuss the future outlook for this class of antiretrovirals. 相似文献
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Ann Iverson Larissa I. Stanberry Peter Tajti Ross Garberich Amber Antos M. Nicholas Burke Ivan Chavez Mario Gössl Timothy D. Henry Daniel Lips Michael Mooney Anil Poulose Paul Sorajja Jay Traverse Yale Wang Steven Bradley Emmanouil S. Brilakis 《Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine》2019,20(4):289-292
Background/purpose
Patients and lesions at a higher procedural risk for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are an understudied population. We examined the frequency, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of higher risk and non-higher risk PCIs at a large tertiary center.Methods/materials
The following procedures were considered higher risk: unprotected left main PCI, chronic total occlusion PCI, PCI requiring atherectomy, multivessel PCI, bifurcation PCI, PCI in prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) patients, pre-PCI left ventricular ejection fraction ≤30%, or use of hemodynamic support.Results
Of the 1975 PCIs performed from 6/29/09 to 12/30/2016 in patients without acute coronary syndromes, 1230 (62%) were higher risk. Patients undergoing higher risk PCI were more likely to have a history of CABG, myocardial infarction, PCI, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, or congestive heart failure. Higher risk PCIs required more stents (2.0 vs. 1.0, p?<?0.001), and had longer median fluoroscopy times (17.3 vs. 8.5?min, p?<?0.001) and higher median contrast doses (160 vs. 120?mL, p?<?0.001). In higher risk PCIs, the risks for technical failure and periprocedural complications were 2.9 (95% CI 1.2–7.4) times and 2.2 (95% CI 0.9–5.4) times higher as compared with non-higher risk PCI procedures.Conclusions
In summary, over half of the PCIs performed in non-acute coronary syndrome patients were higher risk and were associated with lower odds of technical success and higher periprocedural complication rates as compared with non-higher risk PCIs.Summary
We examined the frequency, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of higher risk and non-higher risk PCIs at a large tertiary center. Higher risk PCI was associated with lower odds of technical and procedural success and higher odds of procedural complications as compared with non-higher risk PCI. However, the risk/benefit ratio may still be favorable for many of these higher-risk patients and should be estimated on a case by case basis. 相似文献998.
Ilias Nikolakopoulos MD James W. Choi MD Khaldoon Alaswad MD Jaikirshan J. Khatri MD Oleg Krestyaninov MD Dmitrii Khelimskii MD Robert W. Yeh MD PhD Farouc A. Jaffer MD PhD Catalin Toma MD Mitul Patel MD Ehtisham Mahmud MD Nicholas J. Lembo MD Manish Parikh MD Ajay J. Kirtane MD SM Ziad A. Ali MD Fotis Gkargkoulas MD Barry Uretsky MD Abdul M. Sheikh MD Evangelia Vemmou MD Iosif Xenogiannis MD Bavana V. Rangan BDS MPH Santiago Garcia MD Shuaib Abdullah MD Subhash Banerjee MD M. Nicholas Burke MD Emmanouil S. Brilakis MD PhD Dimitri Karmpaliotis MD PhD 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》2021,97(4):658-667
999.
Marshall Burke Anne Driscoll Sam Heft-Neal Jiani Xue Jennifer Burney Michael Wara 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2021,118(2)
Recent dramatic and deadly increases in global wildfire activity have increased attention on the causes of wildfires, their consequences, and how risk from wildfire might be mitigated. Here we bring together data on the changing risk and societal burden of wildfire in the United States. We estimate that nearly 50 million homes are currently in the wildland–urban interface in the United States, a number increasing by 1 million houses every 3 y. To illustrate how changes in wildfire activity might affect air pollution and related health outcomes, and how these linkages might guide future science and policy, we develop a statistical model that relates satellite-based fire and smoke data to information from pollution monitoring stations. Using the model, we estimate that wildfires have accounted for up to 25% of PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter <2.5 μm) in recent years across the United States, and up to half in some Western regions, with spatial patterns in ambient smoke exposure that do not follow traditional socioeconomic pollution exposure gradients. We combine the model with stylized scenarios to show that fuel management interventions could have large health benefits and that future health impacts from climate-change–induced wildfire smoke could approach projected overall increases in temperature-related mortality from climate change—but that both estimates remain uncertain. We use model results to highlight important areas for future research and to draw lessons for policy. 相似文献
1000.
Osteoprotegerin: A novel biomarker for inflammatory bowel disease and gastrointestinal carcinoma 下载免费PDF全文
Floris AE De Voogd Richard B Gearry Christopher J Mulder Andrew S Day 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2016,31(8):1386-1392
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily of proteins. Although initial data illustrated the key role that OPG plays in bone turnover, numerous recent reports indicate that OPG is also an important factor in inflammatory pathways and tumor cell survival. OPG contributes directly to inflammatory processes and has been evaluated as a novel non‐invasive biomarker of gut inflammation. Furthermore, OPG affects cell turn‐over, differentiation, death, and survival via extracellular pathways, correlating with worse prognosis in inflammatory bowel diseases and several gastrointestinal carcinomas. It is now clear that OPG has multiple functions and characteristics. This review gives an overview of OPG, highlights its roles in different extracellular pathways, and outlines how OPG could be used as a novel non‐invasive biological marker in inflammatory bowel diseases and gastrointestinal carcinomas. 相似文献