鼻咽囊肿及其保守治疗——附一例报告

鼻咽囊肿临床甚为少见,其治疗原则为手术切除.我们曾遇一例,用硬化剂囊内注射治愈.现报告如下,并结合文献予以初浅讨论. 病例报告患者,男,48岁。因持续性鼻堵,进行性加重月余于1982年11月24日住院。现病史载一月前感冒后觉双侧鼻堵,呈进行性加重,滴麻黄素无效.20天前觉双耳     

1．6—二磷酸果糖治疗脑卒中40例疗效观察

果糖二磷酸钠是存在于人体内的细胞代谢物,能调节葡萄糖代谢中多种酶系的活性,有益于缺血、缺氧状态下细胞的能量代谢和葡萄糖的利用。临床上常用于心血管内科,我院从2001年1月至10月应用1.6—二磷酸果糖(FDP)治疗脑卒中40例,取得满意疗效。现报道如下。     

生理学电视教学实践小议

我校生理学教研室是开展电视教学较早,并取得了初步成果的单位。10多年来,他们克服了许多困难,做了大量工作,取得了可喜的成果和经验。1.实践活动概况早在80年代初,生理学教研室就参与编制了《膈海马单位放电活动记录》等在当时质量较好的电视教材。1985年前后录制了一大批生理实验电视教     

半侧帕金森-半侧萎缩综合征

半侧帕金森-半侧躯体萎缩(HP-HA),是一种罕见的继发性的帕金森病,Klawans等在1981年首先报道.其临床特征包括较早的发作年龄,缓慢进展的病程,早期医治前的肌紧张不全(premedication dystonia),以及对左旋多巴较差的治疗反应.本文报告11例,并阐述其临床及神经放射学特征.所有病人均作了颅脑CT或MRI检查,以明确脑萎缩情况,躯体萎缩则根据以下4个方面中至少有2个方面在大小上有明显区别,即面部,上肢,下肢,躯干.对病人起病时间,震颤,运动迟缓,姿势反射的不稳定性,强直或肌紧张不全均作了详细     

Influence of mild hypothermia on vascular endothelial growth factor and infarct volume in brain tissues after cerebral ischemia in rats

BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that mild hypothermia has obvious protective effect on both whole and local cerebral ischemia. However, the definite mechanism is still unclear for the brain protection of mild hypothermia on cerebral edema, inhibiting inflammatory reaction, stabilizing blood brain barrier, etc. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and the infarct volume after cerebral ischemia in rats, and analyze the brain protective mechanism of mild hypothermia. DESIGN: A randomized grouping and controlled animal trial. SETTING: Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Yunyang Medical College. MATERIALS: Twenty adult male SD rats of clean degree, weighing (250±30) g, were provided by the animal experimental center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University. The kits for SP immunohistochemistry were purchased from Beijing Zhongshan Golden Bridge Biotechnology Co., Ltd. METHODS: The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of Department of Neurology, Renmen Hospital of Wuhan University from May to July 2005. ① The 20 rats were divided randomly into normal temperature group (n =10) and mild hypothermia group (n =10). Models of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion were established with modified nylon suture embolization. The rats were assessed with the Longa standards: 0 point for without nerve dysfunction; 1 for mild neurological deficit (fore claws could no extend completely); 2 for moderate neurological deficit (circling towards the affected side); 3 for severe neurological deficit (tilting towards the affected side); 4 for coma and unconscious; 1-3 points represented that models were successfully established. The rats of the normal temperature group were fed at room temperature, and those in the mild hypothermia group were induced by hypothermia from 2 hours postoperatively, and the rectal temperature was kept at 34-35 ℃ for 72 hours. ② Measurement of infarct volume: All the rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection overdose sodium pentobarbital 7 days postoperatively, and then the heads were cut down to harvest brain. The brain tissues were placed into -20 ℃ refrigerator for 20 minutes, coronal sections of 2 mm were prepared. The infarct sites were not stained, whereas normal brain tissues were stained as red. The infarct volumes were calculated by using MPLAS-500 multimedia color pathological image&&word analytical system. ③ Counting positive cells of vascular endothelial growth factor protein: The brains were harvested by cutting heads, then coronal sections of 2 mm were prepared. Routine dehydration, hyalinization, wax immersion and embedding were performed, then the detected with SP immunohistochemistry, the kits were purchased from Beijing Zhongshan Golden Bridge Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The cells whose cytoplasm was yellow-brown were positive ones, a single sample as a unit, peri-ischemic site and ischemic core were selected, and the corresponding sites in controlateral hemisphere were taken as controls. Five visual fields were selected from each site to be observed under microscope, the cells were counted, and the average number of positive cells was calculated in each group. The numbers of positive cells were determined with the image analytical apparatus. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of the positive cells of vascular endothelial growth factor protein; Infarct volume of rat brain tissue. RESULTS: All the 20 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① Number of positive cells of vascular endothelial growth factor protein in brain tissue: It was obviously lower in the mild hypothermia group than in the normal temperature group [(24.02±5.05), (36.07±2.69) cells/high power visual field, P < 0.01]. ② Comparison of infarct volume of brain tissue: After MCAO, it was obviously smaller in the mild hypothermia group than in the normal temperature group [(153.25±23.14), (253.45±36.21) mm3, P < 0.01]. CONCLUSION: Mild hypothermia can inhibit the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and decrease the volume of cerebral infarction. The inhibition of mild hypothermia on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor may be one of the brain protective mechanisms.     

原发性肝癌早期诊断中需注意的几个问题

原发性肝癌起病隐蔽,在临床诊断时亦比较困难,特别是在医疗条件较差的乡村,往往在症状明显时,才引起重视,但疾病已属晚期,失去治疗机会。因此如何提高对原发性肝癌的早期诊断,是一个值得重视的问题。我们认为在原发性肝癌的诊断过程注意下述几个问题,可提高原发性肝癌的早期诊断水平。