油脂脂肪酸指纹库构建及在食用油脂地沟油类别鉴别中应用

目的 建立一种测定食用油脂、地沟油中各脂肪酸含量的毛细管气相色谱法,构建脂肪酸指纹库用于食用油脂类别辨析、地沟油鉴别。方法 选择强极性毛细管柱,柱程序升温,载气高纯氮检测器,进样口温度260 ℃,不分流、分流进样模式,进样1 μL,氢火焰离子化检测器（FID检测,面积归一法定量;采集色谱图,Excel 2007表汇总、构建各类油脂脂肪酸指纹库、对各类油脂特征性、特异性解析,辨析油脂类别。结果 C18：3、C20：5、C22：6 3种脂肪酸甲酯的质量浓度分别在（0.05～20.0）mg/mL,与峰面积呈良好线性关系（r>0.999）;方法质量检出限为1 ng,3水平平均回收率为95.3%~98.5%,相对标准偏差（RSD）均<5%,新法测定9类（动植物油脂、食用调和油、地沟油）119份油脂中组分脂肪酸含量;完成脂肪酸构成色谱图采集、构建指纹库;解析脂肪酸组成指纹库各类油脂脂肪酸组成含量差异特征明显,饱和脂肪酸、肉豆酸（C14：0）等特征差异明显,据此进行食用油类别、地沟油鉴别。结论 新建毛细管色谱法定量准确、简便、选择性和重现性好;构建油脂脂肪酸指纹库、辨析各类油脂特征特异点为地沟油鉴别、食用油脂类别辨析提供技术支撑。     

低聚木糖对两歧双歧杆菌的增值

  目的  建立高效液相色谱硫酸水解法测定保健食品中低聚木糖（以木糖计）的方法。  方法  样品经水提取30 min,低温下利用乙醇沉降大分子糖类,硫酸水解90 min,用氢氧化钠中和后,氨基柱分离,示差折光检测器检测,外标法定量,水解前后木糖含量之差即低聚木糖含量。  结果  木糖浓度为0.25～5.00 mg/mL时,其质量浓度与峰面积线性关系良好（Y = 61 349.49X – 1 028.52,r = 0.999 9）。在保健食品中加标回收率为83.5 %～96.7 %,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.67 %～4.82 %。低聚木糖检出限为1.1 g/kg,定量限为3.3 g/kg。  结论  该方法准确、灵敏、方便、能够测定低聚木糖终端产品中的含量。     

单管中进行反转录－PCR检测肠道病毒RNA

采用改进的异硫氰酸胍－酚－氯仿一步抽提法提取肠道病毒ＲＮＡ，通过反复试验，建立了单管一ＲＴ一ＰＣＲ（Ｒｅｖｅｒｓｅｔｒａｎｓｃｒｉｐｔｉｏｎｐｏｌｙｍｅｒａｓｅｃｈａｉｎｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ）反应体系。结果表明，此法较常规的分步法简便快速、可靠，为临床检测和流行病学研究提供了较理想的方法。     

颌下腺导管巨大结石一例

1病例报告患者女 ,58岁。因右舌下硬物且反复肿胀1年余于2003年3月17日就诊。患者曾于7年前局麻下行右颌下腺导管结石摘除术 ,术后右颌下腺分泌良好 ,导管通畅。近1年患者自觉右舌下口底处有一硬物且不断增大。反复肿胀 ,尤以在进食酸性食物时肿胀显著 ,一般餐后约10min肿胀可自行消退。时有疼痛 ,影响咀嚼和吞咽。患者曾自行服用抗生素 ,效果不明显。临床检查 :右颌下三角区未触及硬物 ,表面皮肤光滑 ,无充血及肿胀 ,右颌下淋巴结未触及。口腔内检查可见 :右舌下肉阜区红肿 ,右舌下皱襞处肿胀、隆起。双合诊可及条索样感觉并可触及一约2 0c…     

毒鼠强浓度在人体内变化规律研究

Objective To study the variation of blood concentration of tetramine in human body with acute tetramine intoxication treated with three different protocols and the levels in human body after discharge from the hos-pital. Methods The blood concentration of tetramine was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). All 101 patients of acute tetramine intoxication were divided into 3 groups (routine comprehensive treat-ment group,hemoperfusion group,blood transfusion group) according to their blood concentration of tetramine and clinical symptoms. The patients were followed up to monitor the tetramine levels in a year. Results The level of tet-famine in blood was decreased from 33.0(1.7～115.0)μg/L to 18.0(0.3～47.6)μg/L in routine comprehensive treatment group. The total decrement was 45.5 %. The level was decreased from 108.0 (54.0～290.0)μg/L to 26.0 μg/L in hemoperfusion group. The total decrement was 75.9%. The decrement was 20.0%～45.0% after each he-moperfusion. The level was slightly high after 24 h of hemoperfusion. The total decrement in blood transfusion group was 33.5%～60.0%. The level was <0.3μg/L in all 25 out-patients 1 year after their intoxication. Conclusion Routine comprehensive treatment,hemoperfusion,blood transfusion are effective in the treatment of acute tetramine intoxication. The degradation of tetramine in human body is slow.     

毒鼠强浓度在人体内变化规律研究

Objective To study the variation of blood concentration of tetramine in human body with acute tetramine intoxication treated with three different protocols and the levels in human body after discharge from the hos-pital. Methods The blood concentration of tetramine was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). All 101 patients of acute tetramine intoxication were divided into 3 groups (routine comprehensive treat-ment group,hemoperfusion group,blood transfusion group) according to their blood concentration of tetramine and clinical symptoms. The patients were followed up to monitor the tetramine levels in a year. Results The level of tet-famine in blood was decreased from 33.0(1.7～115.0)μg/L to 18.0(0.3～47.6)μg/L in routine comprehensive treatment group. The total decrement was 45.5 %. The level was decreased from 108.0 (54.0～290.0)μg/L to 26.0 μg/L in hemoperfusion group. The total decrement was 75.9%. The decrement was 20.0%～45.0% after each he-moperfusion. The level was slightly high after 24 h of hemoperfusion. The total decrement in blood transfusion group was 33.5%～60.0%. The level was <0.3μg/L in all 25 out-patients 1 year after their intoxication. Conclusion Routine comprehensive treatment,hemoperfusion,blood transfusion are effective in the treatment of acute tetramine intoxication. The degradation of tetramine in human body is slow.     

三七总皂苷超声波提取工艺研究△

目的:优化三七中三七总皂苷的超声波提取工艺.方法:采用高效液相色谱法,以提取物中三七总皂苷含量和收率为考察指标,应用正交试验法对提取工艺进行优化.结果:以75％的乙醇为提取溶媒,超声波高频(50 kHZ)提取4次,每次30 min,提取温度40℃,经纯化后三七总皂苷(以R1、Rg1、Rb1、Re、Rd的总含量计)达80％以上,提取物收率达到12％以上.结论:该工艺简便易行,提取率高,生产成本低,适合工业生产.     

快速提取肠道病毒RNA用于逆转录聚合酶链反应

分别以改进的蛋白酶Ｋ－酚－氯仿抽提法和异硫氰酸胍－酚－氯仿－步抽提法提取肠道病毒ＲＮＡ用于逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ），经８次反复试验，证明两种方法提取的肠道病毒ＲＮＡ均能用于ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ反应，但异硫氰酸胍－酚－氯仿法更稳定、可靠、简单快速，能满足流行病学研究中同时处理大量标本的需要。