预警联合循证干预措施应用于儿童支原体肺炎中的效果分析

目的 探讨预警联合循证干预措施应用于儿童支原体肺炎中的效果.方法 方便选取2018年1月—2019年10月间80例该院收治的支原体肺炎患儿,按照随机数字表法分为两组,对照组40例予以常规护理干预,研究组40例予以预警联合循证干预.比较两组患儿依从性、症状改善时间以及治疗1周后临床疗效.结果 研究组依从率(95.00％)...     

呼吸机的清洁、消毒和维护保养

呼吸机作为急救设备,越来越广泛应用于临床,规范的呼吸机清洁、消毒及维护保养对预防呼吸机交叉感染,提高呼吸机的使用率、完好率有重大意义。     

甲型血友病基因诊断及产前诊断的研究进展

甲型血友病是最常见的遗传性出血性疾病,受到了国内外研究者们的极大关注.由于此病尚无彻底根治方法,所以基因诊断及产前诊断显得尤为重要.基因诊断可分为直接基因诊断及间接连锁分析的方法;产前诊断的手段也在近年飞速发展.本文就直接基因诊断、间接连锁分析及产前诊断新技术这几方面的研究进展综述如下.     

输血后丙型肝炎病毒感染的前瞻性研究

对６４例受血者进行了半年前瞻性调查，发生输血后丙型肝炎（ＰＴ－ＨＣ）８例，亚临床（ＰＴ－ＨＣ）１例，丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）隐性感染３例，ＨＣＶ总感染率为１８７５％，丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）首次异常时间为输血后２８～９１（５１９±２０９）天；抗－ＨＣＶ首次阳转为输血后２３～７６（４２４±１５９）天。发生巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）感染２例，病原待定的非乙、非丙ＡＬＴ异常者５例。     

丙型肝炎病毒再感染与初次感染对比研究

用套式ＰＣＲ法检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ，对比研究了ＨＣＶ再感染与初次感染。１０例初次感染ＨＣＶ者，９例为临床型肝炎，１例亚临床型，首次ＡＩ／Ｔ升高距输血的时间为１５～６０天（平均３７．９±１３．９）；抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性１年以上分别为１０／１０和７／１０。５例再感染者，４例为临床型肝炎，１例亚临床型，ＡＬＴ首次升高距输血时间为３０～４６天（平均３４．８±６．ｈ），抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性１年以上分别为５／５和３／５。结果表明，ＨＣＶ再感染与初次感染在临床表现、ＡＬＴ异常。抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性持续时间等均无明显差异，提示ＨＣＶ感染后诱发的免疫力较差，再感染仍可发病。     

妊娠相关血浆蛋白A在初产妇妊娠期糖尿病中的应用价值

目的探讨初产妇孕早期血清中的妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A)水平与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发生的关系。方法用非参数检验及Logistic回归分析对168例GDM孕妇及273例健康孕妇的年龄、体质量、PAPP-A、游离β人绒毛膜促性腺激素(fβ-HCG)水平进行回顾性分析。结果 GDM组年龄与对照组差异有统计学意义(P0.01),PAPP-A浓度及PAPP-A MoM均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论初产妇孕早期低水平PAPP-A与GDM强相关,并可作为GDM的危险因素。     

佛山地区非缺失型α地中海贫血基因突变分析

目的了解广东佛山地区非缺失型α-地中海贫血的基因突变类型及构成比,以及其在临床检测的必要性。方法受检对象应用反向点杂交法检测三种非缺失型α-地贫基因突变。结果 3225例标本中有113例检测到携带突变基因,其中ααQS/αα29例、ααWS/αα45例、ααCS/αα25例、ααQS/--SEA1例、ααCS/--SEA7例、ααw S/--SEA6例,大约3.5%受检者能确诊为非缺失型α-地贫携带。结论初步阐明佛山地区非缺失型α-地贫的基因突变类型和构成比,提高了α-地贫检出率,为非缺失型α地贫基因检测必要性提供了理论依据。     

CT-1-CP-induced Ventricular Electrical Remodeling in Mice

The chronic effects of carboxyl-terminal polypeptide of Cardiotrophin-1(CT-1-CP) on ventricular electrical remodeling were investigated. CT-1-CP, which contains 16 amino acids in sequence of the C-terminal of Cardiotrophin-1, was selected and synthesized, and then administered to Kunming mice(aged 5 weeks) by intraperitoneal injection(500 ng·g-1·day-1)(4 groups, n=10 and female: male=1:1 in each group) for 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks, respectively. The control group(n=10, female:male=1:1) was injected by physiological saline for 4 weeks. The epicardial monophasic action potential(MAP) was recorded by using a contact-type MAP electrode placed vertically on the left ventricular(LV) epicardium surface, and the electrocardiogram(ECG) signal in lead Ⅱ was monitored synchronously. ECG intervals(RR, PR, QRS and QT) and the amplitude of MAP(Am), the maximum upstroke velocity(Vmax), as well as action potential durations(APDs) at different repolarization levels(APD30, APD50, APD70, and APD90) of MAP were determined and analyzed in detail. There were no significant differences in RR and P intervals between CT-1-CP-treated groups and control group, but the PR segment and the QRS complex were greater in the former than in the latter(F=2.681 and 5.462 respectively, P<0.05). Though QT interval and the corrected QT interval(QTc) were shorter in CT-1-CP-treated groups than in control group, the QT dispersion(QTd) of them was greater in the latter than in the former(F=3.090, P<0.05) and increased with the time. The ECG monitoring synchronously with the MAP showed that the compression of MAP electrode on the left ventricular epicardium induced performance similar to myocardium ischemia. As compared with those before chest-opening, the PR segment and QT intervals remained basically unchanged in control group, but prolonged significantly in all CT-1-CP-treated groups and the prolongation of QT intervals increased gradually along with the time of exposure to CT-1-CP. The QRS complex had no significant change in control group, one-week and three-week CT-1-CP-treated groups, but prolonged significantly in two-week and four-week CT-1-CP-treated groups. Interestingly, the QTd after chest-opening was significantly greater than that before chest-opening in control group(t=5.242, P<0.01), but decreased along with the time in CT-1-CP-treated groups. The mean MAP amplitude, Vmax and APD were greater in CT-1-CP-treated groups than those in control group, and became more obvious along with the time. The APD in four CT-1-CP-treat groups was prolonged mainly in middle to final repolarization phase. The difference among these groups became significant in middle phase(APD50)(F=6.076, P<0.01) and increased furthermore in late and final phases(APD70: F=10.054; APD90: F=18.691, P<0.01) along with the time of injection of CT-1-CP. The chronic action of CT-1-CP might induce the adapting alteration in cardiac conductivity and ventricular repolarization. The amplitude and the Vmax of the anterior LV epicardial MAP increased obviously, and the APD prolonged mainly in late and final phase of repolarization.     

甲型血友病基因诊断及产前诊断的研究进展

甲型血友病是最常见的遗传性出血性疾病,受到了国内外研究者们的极大关注。由于此病尚无彻底根治方法,所以基因诊断及产前诊断显得尤为重要。基因诊断可分为直接基因诊断及间接连锁分析的方法。产前诊断的手段也在近年飞速发展。本文将就直接基因诊断、间接连锁分析及产前诊断新技术这几方面的研究进展综述如下。     

艾灸大椎、涌泉穴治疗上呼吸道感染患儿寒战45例

寒战大多发生在急性发热性疾病之前,病人表现为全身发冷,起鸡皮疙瘩和颤抖.寒战是高热的先声,如不积极有效地控制,易引发患儿惊厥.寒战时应进行保温,通常多采用加盖棉被、喝热饮料等方法,但由于小儿体温调节功能不完善所以效果不是很明显.笔者于2010年3月-2011年8月对入住我院儿科的上呼吸道感染伴寒战的患儿予艾灸大椎穴、涌泉穴治疗,取得了较好的疗效.现报告如下.