自体静脉移植段内皮细胞变化的研究(文献综述)

近10年来,各种血管重建术已广泛开展,重建的材料可分为两大类,即生物材料和合成材料.其中以前者的自体静脉为最理想,自体静脉中又以大隐静脉为首选的材料.各家认为以大隐静脉作为移值段重建血管后,其远期通畅率与静脉内皮细胞的损伤程度有密切关系,静脉移植段中内膜的损伤,包括术后早期的内膜撕裂、脱落、管壁血栓形成、假性血管瘤,以及后期的平滑肌细胞增生、粥样斑块形成等,都可导致血管狭窄或闭塞的不良后果.旨在提     

内膜下血管成形术治疗下肢动脉慢性缺血

目的 探讨内膜下血管成形术治疗下肢动脉慢性缺血的技术可行性、通畅率和临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2003年12月至2008年8月应用内膜下血管成形术(subintimal angioplasty,SIA)治疗的112例患者的122条动脉硬化闭塞患肢的临床资料,动脉闭塞平均长度为10.25 cm(4.5～28 cm),其中23条肢体为生活方式受限性间歇性跛行,99条为严重性缺血.详细纪录患者的病史、病变特点、操作技术过程、并发症和随访信息.采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析法分析患肢通畅率和临床效果(救肢和症状改善).结果 SIA技术成功率为83%,成功进行SIA的患者平均踝肱指数从0.19±0.11增加到0.67±0.29(P<0.01),1年、2年冉管化通道的通畅率和临床有效率分别是54%±5%、45%±4%和82%±5%、79%±4%.没有严重后果的并发症发生. 结论 SIA技术成功率高,临床效果满意,本组无严重并发症,是一种治疗下肢动脉粥样硬化闭塞所致慢性缺血较好可供选择的治疗手段.     

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的外科治疗

目的:探讨外科治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的临床经验。方法:从1995年7月～2002年7月共对292例(313条肢体)动脉硬化闭塞症病人进行外科治疗,其中20条患肢施行解剖外血管重建术,38条患肢施行了腔内外科治疗或合并开放性血管重建手术,255条患肢施行了开放性手术重建下肢血供。结果:手术成功者患肢的踝肱指数与术前比较显著增加(P<0.01),症状得到明显改善。平均随访时间3.1年(0.5～7年),解剖外重建组移植血管一期通畅率为56%,腔内外科组通畅率为78%,开放性手术组通畅率为72%。结论:病人的全身情况、动脉病变的范围和程度是选择下肢动脉硬化闭塞症外科治疗方法的主要依据,为取得较好的长期通畅率和临床效果需要重视围手术期处理和术后随访。     

内膜下血管成形术治疗下肢动脉慢性缺血

Objective To assess the technical feasibility, patency and outcomes of subintimal angioplasty (SIA) for treatment of the lower extremity arteriosclerosis occlusions. Methods During the period from December 2003 to August 2008, 122 lower extremities with arteriosclerosis occlusions (median length, 10.25 cm;range, 4.5 to 28 cm) were treated on an intention-to-cure basis with SIA. Twenty-three lower extremities had disabling claudication and ninety-nine had limb-threatening ischemia. Patient history, demographics, procedural details, complications, and follow-up information were collected and analyzed. Patency, limb salvage, sustained improvement in claudication was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results The technical success rate of SIA was 83%. Following successful SIA, the mean ankle-brachial index increased from 0.19±0.11 to 0.67±0.29 (P<0.01). Primary patency at 12 and 24 months was 54%±5% and 45%±4% respectively, the clinical effective rates (rates of limb salvage and improvement in claudication) at 12 and 24 months were 82%±5% and 79%±4% respectively. No serious complications occurred. Conclusion In a selected group of patients, SIA is feasible with a high technical success rate and the clinical effective rates are satisfactory, there were no severe complications. SIA is a good treatment alternative in patients suffering from chronic ischemia with arteriosclerosis occlusions in the lower extremity.     

4771例下肢深静脉顺行造影检查的临床分析

我们对4771例(共4879条病肢)病人进行顺行静脉造影检查。造影结果发现:原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全2713条下肢(55.61％),深静脉血栓形成后遗症1148条(23.52％),单纯性大隐静脉曲张809条(16.58％),先天性静脉畸形骨肥大综合征127条(2.60％),先天性深静脉无瓣膜症41条(0.84％),下腔静脉阻塞综合征19条(0.38％),其它等23条(0.47％)。我们认为,下肢静脉造影术是诊断静脉系统疾病最可靠的检查方法,并为手术治疗的选择提供可靠的依据。     

血管介入栓塞择机手术治疗四肢巨大蔓状血管瘤

目的 :探讨有效治疗四肢巨大蔓状血管瘤的方法。方法 :自 1994～ 2 0 0 1年收治四肢血管畸形或血管瘤 5 36例 ,其中 9例四肢巨大蔓状血管瘤 ,在DSA下超选择性栓塞供瘤动脉后 ,进行手术切除。结果 :超选择供瘤动脉栓塞后 ,瘤体体积缩小 ,边界相对清楚 ,手术切除较彻底 ,避免了术中致命性出血 ,缩短了手术时间 ,最大限度地保留正常组织 ,外形和功能恢复好。结论 :供瘤动脉栓塞联合手术切除是治疗四肢巨大蔓状血管瘤的最佳方法     

腹壁巨大海绵状血管瘤一期切除植皮术一例报道

海绵状血管瘤由衬有内皮细胞的无数血窦所组成,是临床上较为常见的一种低流速的血管畸形,其治疗目前仍是一大难题,特别是病变巨大弥漫者更为棘手。我科近来诊治1例腹壁巨大海绵状血管瘤患者,现报道如下。1临床资料男性,45岁,2005年9月10日因“左侧腹壁肿物20余年”收住本院血管     

国产覆膜支架腔内修复术治疗主动脉病变的疗效

目的探讨国产覆膜支架腔内修复术治疗主动脉夹层、主动脉创伤和动脉瘤的可行性.方法13例患者术前均行CTA、MRA或彩超特殊检查,测定和了解主动脉弓部、重要分支的直径和受累情况;应用国产覆膜支架腔内修复术,治疗胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤10例(均属Stanford B型)、胸主动脉峡部外伤后裂口伴假性动脉瘤形成1例、肾下腹主动脉瘤2例.结果手术治疗均获成功.1例主动脉夹层术后第3 d发生心肌梗死,经抢救无效死亡;另1例腹主动脉瘤应用连体带膜支架植入腔内修复术者,术后出现左下肢供血不足现象,1周后又行股一股动脉人工血管旁路转流术,术后恢复良好.12例患者随访1～10个月,平均4.5月,疗效满意,生活状态良好,有的已恢复工作.结论国产覆膜支架腔内修复术治疗主动脉夹层、主动脉创伤和动脉瘤成功率高,创伤小,疗效好.     

替罗非班治疗老年人急性冠状动脉综合征的疗效分析

Objective To explore the curative effect of tirofiban treatment on high-risk acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in elderly patients receiving an early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment. Methods The 162 elderly cases including unstable angina pectoris and non-ST -segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) undergoing early PCI were enrolled in this study.And they were assigned to early treatment group (n=82) and deferred selective group (n=80)according to the time of using tirofiban (Gp Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a inhibitor) treatment. The effectiveness of either strategic option on tissue-level perfusion was evaluated using the TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) before and immediately after PCI. The corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) was also used to assess coronary artery flow and myocardial perfusion. Bleeding complications and the composite end point events at 30 days were also evaluated. Results Of all the 162 patients, the TMPG 0-1 perfusion was observed in 65 patients (40.1%). The TMPG 0-1 perfusion was significantly less frequent in early treatment group (32.9%) than in deferred selective group (47.5%) before PCI (x2=3.58, P＜0.05); while the results of TIMI grade 0-1 flow (26.8% vs. 25.0%) and cTFC levels (34.2±11.8 vs. 34. 9±12. 7) before PCI were similar between the two groups (x2 =0. 07, P=0.47; t= 0.13, P=0.71, respectively). No differences were seen both in composite end point events at 30 days and bleeding complications (x2 = 0.31, P＞0.05; x2=0.004, P＞0. 05). Conclusions High -risk ACS patients treated with an early invasive strategy, routine upstream use of tirofiban are associated with improved tissue-level perfusion before PCI and does not increase bleeding complications when bleeding risks are carefully evaluated before enrollment.