女性乳房异常有哪些征象?@诸双林@

山东烟台市刘彦: 女性乳房的发育是从10岁左右开始的,先是乳头突出,以后逐渐发展为乳晕明显,乳房日趋丰满,大约到16岁左右,乳房几乎完全发育成熟.乳房是女性美的重要特征,青春期的乳房呈隆起、丰满富有弹性的圆锥形,显示出青春的活力.还因乳房是生育和哺育孩子的重要器官,所以乳房的保健就成为众多女性非常关注的问题,多了解这方面的知识很重要.     

"杂交”法研究肝癌获新突破

人们都知道,袁隆平教授用"杂交”的方法培育出"杂交水稻”.同济医院肝病研究所的研究者们引用"杂交”的方法来研究肝癌的发病原理,并取得肝癌基因研究的突破性进展.这是从日前成立的"湖北省医学会肝病分会”第一届学术会议上传来的消息.     

美国食品与药品管理局官员谈“FDA认证书”

新华社讯 最近,一些机构利用国内企业对美国食品与药品管理局（ＦＤＡ）的模糊认识,声称为其提供所谓“ＦＤＡ认证书’等服务,且目前国内已有４００多家医疗和保健品企业受骗。为此,记者不久前特地前往美国ＦＤＡ,就有关问题进行了采访。 ＦＤＡ是美国卫生与公众服务部下属的一个局,这一联邦机构的主要职责是帮助安全有效的产品（包括食品和药品）尽快进入市场,并在产品上市后继续跟踪其安全性,以保护和提高公众健康。ＦＤＡ根据产品性质对不同产品采取不同的管理手段。１“ＦＤＡ认证书”一钱不值 首先,ＦＤＡ有关人士指出,ＦＤ…     

Kazakh Therapy on Differential Protein Expression of Achilles Tendon Healing in a 7-Day Postoperative Rabbit Model

Objective: To compare the effect of cast immobilization with that of early Kiymil arkili emdew (Kazakh exercise therapy) on the post-operative healing of Achilles tendon rupture in rabbits, and to observe the influence of early Kiymil arkili emdew on the differentially expressed proteins in the healing tendon. Methods: Forty-five New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (Arm A: control group; Arm B: postoperative immobilization group; and Arm C: postoperative early Kiymil arkili emdew group). After tenotomy, the rabbits of the two experimental groups received microsurgery to repair the ruptured tendons, and then received either cast immobilization or early Kiymil arkili emdew treatment. Achilles tendon tissue samples were collected 7 days after the surgery, and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS technique were used to analyze differentially expressed proteins in the tendon tissue of the three Arms. Results: A total of 462.67±11.59, 532.33±27.79, and 515.33±6.56 protein spots were detected by the two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels in the Achilles tendon samples of the rabbits in Arms A, B, and C, respectively. Nineteen differentially expressed protein spots were randomly selected from Arm C. Among them, 7 were unique, and 15 had five times higher abundance than those in Arm B. These included annexin A2, gelsolin isoforms and α-1 Type III collagen. It was confirmed by western blot that gelsolin isoform b, annexin A2, etc. had specific and incremental expression in Arm C. Conclusions: The self-protective instincts of humans were overlooked in the classical postoperative treatment for Achilles tendon rupture with cast immobilization. Kiymil arkili emdew induced the specific and incremental expression of proteins in the repaired Achilles tendon in the early healing stage in a rabbit model, compared with those treated with postoperative cast immobilization. These differentially expressed proteins may contribute to the healing of the Achilles tendon via a mechanobiological mechanism caused by the application of Kiymil arkili emdew.     

中药补肾法对抗衰老的实验研究

现代医学认识到在导致衰老的诸多原因中,中枢神经系统的功能障碍与衰退、神经元不可逆的损失,在衰老过程中起着重要作用。从某种意义上说,神经元的生命是个体整体寿命的限制因素,神经元的衰老死亡,可继发引起整个生物生命的衰老死亡。若有效地控制神经元的衰老,维持神经元正常的形态结构、生理功能,无疑对延长寿命会起到积极的作用。     

海南地区类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌的多位点序列分型

目的 研究海南省类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌多位点序列类型(STs)多态性,了解该省与其他类鼻疽流行地区菌株间的遗传背景差异方法 选取7个管家基因位点ace、glt B、gmh D、lep A、lip A、nar K、ndh进行PCR扩增、测序,与MLST数据库中的等位基因序列进行比对,确定菌株的序列型结果 18株类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌属于12个不同的STs,其中ST50有4株,检出率占22.2%,ST58、ST232、ST1094各检出2株,发现一株新STs命名为ST1676结论 海南省类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌具有高度遗传多样性,gmhD是7个管家基因中变异最大的等位基因,表明gmhD突变可能是该地区菌株STs多样性的原因。     

高原性血尿

高原性血尿马小庆，王德威，十金良，冯国君我院１９８４年１月至１９９３年２月收治高原性血尿３１例，现就诊断、治疗及预后等问题探讨如下：一、临床资料：本组男２９例，女２例；年龄１８～４４岁；均为平原进入高原地区者（海拔≥３０００ｍ），发病在进入高原后的４...     

微创处理溃疡周围相关静脉在下肢静脉性溃疡治疗中的应用

目的观察下肢静脉性溃疡周围相关静脉及其下方静脉团的分布特点,探讨微创手术处理下肢性溃疡周围相关静脉对溃疡创面愈合的影响。方法回顾性分析2013年8月至2018年12月铜陵市人民医院收治的57例慢性下肢静脉功能不全合并下肢静脉性溃疡患者的临床资料,根据治疗方法的不同分为微创手术组(28例)和保守治疗组(29例)。分别统计2组患者溃疡周围相关静脉的数量及下方静脉团的存在情况,比较微创手术治疗与保守治疗的效果。结果溃疡周围相关静脉数量及溃疡下方静脉团的存在情况与溃疡直径呈明显正相关。当溃疡直径小于2 cm时,2组患者溃疡愈合时间差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05);当溃疡直径大于等于2 cm时,微创手术组患者溃疡创面的愈合时间短于保守治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论对于合并下肢静脉性溃疡的慢性静脉功能不全的患者,处理大隐静脉主干的同时微创处理下肢静脉性溃疡周围相关静脉能加速溃疡创面愈合。