腰椎滑脱的平片及CT诊断

目的：提高对腰椎滑脱影像征象的认识。方法：常规X线正侧位片及CT扫描对腰椎滑脱的原因进行分析。结果：腰椎滑脱多为峡部裂及椎小关节病引起，14例峡部裂表现为环裂征及双面征。54例椎小关节病表现为椎小关节增生、肥大、关节局部变窄，关节间隙内“真空”现象，关节面囊性变，小关节半脱位等。滑脱主要表现为椎管矢状径增大，叠椎征，葫芦状改变，以及椎间盘假性膨出等。结论：X线正位片对诊断腰椎滑脱价值不大，侧位片能较为清楚地显示滑脱及程度，CT不仅能明确诊断而且可以提供更多信息，不失为目前腰椎滑脱的最佳诊断方法。     

颏成形术并发症的产生原因及预防与处理

颏成形术的并发症产生,历来是专家学者关注的问题.Hofer1942年,首次由口外颏下切口进路行颏部水平截骨,到Coaverse1950年由口内切口进路完成水平截骨,再到近年来Bell提出了带广泛软组织蒂的颏成形术[1],其目的就是为了避免皮肤瘢痕和骨坏死的发生,因此,颏成形术中术后并发症是否产生,是衡量手术顺利与成功的重要因素.并发症的产生原因以及预防与处理总结如下.     

急性重症胰腺炎并发腹腔间隔室综合征的诊治

重症胰腺炎并发腹腔间隔室综合征是急性胰腺的一种特殊并发症，其病情极其复杂且凶险，死亡率高。到目前为止，很多临床医生对其认识不足，有必要加以探讨。本文就该病的发病机制、病理生理变化、临床特征以及诊断、治疗方面相关问题加以论述。     

应用输尿管镜放置双J管早期治疗输尿管阴道瘘

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of placing double J stent using a ureteroscope in early managing ureterovaginal fistula.Methods Twenty-eight patients cases with ureterovaginal fistula from 2002 to 2008 were treated early with placing double J stent using a ureteroscope and the clinical data were reviewed.Results Twenty-two of 28 cases were treated and double J stent was placed in them by a uretero-scope and 75% (21/28)of cases were cured.Four of 21 cases were treated twice by a ureteroscope and were cured finally.7 cases with failure ureterovaginal treatment underwent ureterocystostomy and were cured.The follow-up from 6 months to 33 months (average 10.1±6.4 months)showed that all of the 28 cases had been cured and had no urinary fistula.Conclusion Placing double J stent using a ureteroscope is the first choice of operative procedure for the early treatment of ureterovaginal fistula.     

996例门诊心理咨询者心理测验结果分析

目的 了解综合性医院心理咨询就诊者的心理测验特点及影响因素。方法 对门诊心理咨询的初诊者进行心理测验和分析。结果 发现大多为城市女性居民，青壮年，工人，高中以下者。绝大多数属于医学问题（91．8％），其中以神经症为多（59．6％）；较常见症状为抑郁（3．18分）、焦虑（2．35分）和强迫（2．33分）；以N型人格及E内向人格占多数。结论 门诊心理咨询者中多数有医学问题，心理测验是心理咨询者中的重要手段。     

突触融合蛋白1A与2型糖尿病

突触融合蛋白1A属于突触前膜受体，参与突触小泡膜与突触前膜的融合及神经递质释放，传递神经信息。近年研究表明，突触融合蛋白1A也存在于胰岛β细胞膜及微粒体膜上，参与钙依赖性的胰岛素分泌，影响含胰岛素的分泌颗粒胞吐；对2型糖尿病的动物模型和患者研究显示突触融合蛋白1A与2型糖尿病有内在联系。     

前列通瘀提取液对前列腺平滑肌细胞增殖与凋亡的作用

目的:研究前列通瘀提取液对体外培养前列腺基质平滑肌细胞增殖与凋亡的作用。方法:分别以1、2、10、50、100×10-5g/L 5种不同浓度前列通瘀提取液作用体外培养前列腺基质平滑肌细胞,采用MTT和TUNEL法分别测定抗增殖指数和凋亡指数。结果:5种不同浓度前列通瘀提取液作用48 h后抗增殖指数分别为50.61%、53.52%、56.92%、65.53%、72.94%,抗增殖效果随着浓度增大而增大。100×10-5g/L前列通瘀提取液作用24、48、72 h后凋亡指数与对照组比较差异无显著性。结论:(1~100)×10-5g/L前列通瘀提取液体外作用前列腺基质平滑肌细胞具有显著的抗增殖作用。     

入院患者的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症：1997—2003年牛津夏州的队列研究

本研究选择英国牛津夏州一所教学医院及地区综合医院，搜索1997—2003年医院信息系统及微生物学数据库中的信息，分析患者入院2日内血培养中甲氧西林耐药性金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）及甲氧西林敏感性金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）检测结果，确定入院患者MRSA及MSSA发生率及决定因素。     

心肺复苏早期应用氨茶碱与传统方法的比较研究

目的探讨心肺复苏(CPR)早期应用氨茶碱的临床意义.方法将100例心脏骤停(CA)患者,随机分成观察组(肾上腺素+氨茶碱组)、对照组(肾上腺素组),对照组按照传统CPR方法,静脉注射肾上腺素;观察组在传统方法的基础上早期加用氨茶碱静注.对两组在6h、24h存活率及正常出院方面进行统计学分析. 结果①两组在性别、年龄、疾病构成方面无统计学差异(P＞0.05);②两组在肾上腺素剂量、开始使用时间、直流电除颤等方面比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05);③观察组6h存活率与对照组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05);两组24h存活率无统计学差异,但在正常出院方面观察组略优于对照组.结论①早期使用氨茶碱可提高6h存活率,正常出院略优于单使用肾上腺素组(对照组);②早期使用氨茶碱可能对最终生存率有益.     

应用输尿管镜放置双J管早期治疗输尿管阴道瘘

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of placing double J stent using a ureteroscope in early managing ureterovaginal fistula.Methods Twenty-eight patients cases with ureterovaginal fistula from 2002 to 2008 were treated early with placing double J stent using a ureteroscope and the clinical data were reviewed.Results Twenty-two of 28 cases were treated and double J stent was placed in them by a uretero-scope and 75% (21/28)of cases were cured.Four of 21 cases were treated twice by a ureteroscope and were cured finally.7 cases with failure ureterovaginal treatment underwent ureterocystostomy and were cured.The follow-up from 6 months to 33 months (average 10.1±6.4 months)showed that all of the 28 cases had been cured and had no urinary fistula.Conclusion Placing double J stent using a ureteroscope is the first choice of operative procedure for the early treatment of ureterovaginal fistula.