“咳宁粉”治疗百日咳

用炙百部、川贝母各二钱、蜈蚣、甘草各一钱,将上药共研细末,装瓶备用。五岁以内每服一钱,超过五岁每服一钱五分,均一日二次。服时将上药加自糖适量,温开水调服,连服七日为一疗程,未痊愈者可连服二疗程。     

细胞因子联合治疗对急性放射病比格狗造血干/祖细胞的影响

目的 探讨重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)和重组人白细胞介素11(rhIL-11)联合治疗对重度骨髓型急性放射病(ARS)比格狗干/祖细胞数量和质量的影响.方法 用4.5Gy60Coγ射线照射比格狗建立重度骨髓型ARS模型,随机分为三组:A组5犬,不予任何治疗;B组5犬,予输血、抗感染等对症治疗;C组6犬,在B组基础上加用rhG-CSF和rhIL-11 3周.观察外周血CD34+细胞数和骨髓中CD34+细胞的比例、骨髓涂片骨髓增生程度、骨髓和外周血造血祖细胞集落数及端粒酶活性.结果 与A、B组比较,C组外周血CD34+细胞数照射后早期增高(P<0.05),骨髓CD34+细胞比例各个时间点差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);照射后45d,C组骨髓增生程度、外周血红细胞集落形成单位(CFU-E)、骨髓混合细胞集落形成单位(CFU-Mix)和骨髓端粒酶活性均明显高于B组(P<0.05).结论 联合使用细胞因子可保护部分造血干/祖细胞的增殖能力,保持端粒酶较高的活性,促进CD34+的早期释放,有利于骨髓造血功能较快恢复.     

CD45分子及在白血病中的应用

CD45抗原分子广泛表达于造血细胞表面,具有蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酯酶活性,在T细胞受体、B细胞受体信号传导中发挥重要作用,并参与调节淋巴细胞的发育分化.随着CD45分子异构体的研究、流式细胞仪免疫分型的应用及CD45单抗的靶向治疗试验等深入发展,CD45分子在免疫学和血液学方面的作用受到进一步的关注和探讨.     

实战金宝血液透析机AK95S血线报警心得

在使用金宝血液透析机AK95S对病人实施血液透析当中,血线报警是经常卅现的一类故障,现结合实战经验对此类故障谈谈心得：1故障现象血线灯点亮成红色,故障报警灯亮起,声音报警急促,血泵停止。2故障代码C COFB 088 042;C COFB 088 043;C COFB 088 044;     

Therapeutic effects of combined cytokines on hematopoietic injuries induced by 4.5 Gy γ-rays irradiation in beagles

Objectivc To observe the therapeutic effects of combined cytokines on hematopoietic injuries induced by 4.5 Gy60 Co γ-rays irradiation in beagles,and to provide experimental evidences for the clinical treatment of extremely severe myeloid acute radiation sickness(ARS).Methods 16 beagles were given 4.5 Gy60 Co γ-rays total body irradiation,and then randomly assigned into irradiation control group,supportive care group and cytokines group.In addition to supportive care,recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF),recombinant human interleukin-11(rhIL-11)and recombinant human interleukin-2(rhIL-2)were administered subcutaneouly to dogs in cytokines group.Peripheral blood hemogram was examined once every two days.Bone marrow and peripheral blood were collected to proceed colony cultivation 4 d pre-irradiation and 1 and 45 d post-irradiation.Conventional histopathological sections of sternum were prepared to observe the histomorphology changes. Results After irradiation,the population of all kinds of cells in peripheral blood declined sharply.WBC nadir Was elevated(1.04×109/L,but 0.28×109/L and 0.68×109/L for the irradiation control group and the supportive care group separately),the duration of thrombocytopenia was shortened (24 days,but 33 days for the supportive care groug) and red blood cell counts were maintained in the range of normal values after cytokincs treatment in combination.The colony forming efficiency of haemopoietic stem cells(HSCs)in bone marrow and peripheral blood decreased obviously 1 d post irradiation,but recovered to the level of that before irradiation 45 d post irradiation after supportive care and cytokines treatment.Hematopoietic cells disappeared in bone marrow of animals in irradiation control group,but hematopoietic functions were recovered after cytokines were administrated.Conclusions RhG-CSF.rhIL-11 and rhIL-2 used in combination could elevate WBC nadir,accelerate the recovery of leukocytes,platelets and red blood cells and promote the proliferation,differentiation and maturity of HSPCs left in the body after 4.5 Gy γ-rays total body irradiation,eventually restore the hematopoietic function.Hence,combination of rhG-CSF,rhIL-11 and rhIL-2 could serve as better therapeutic strategy to treat extremely severe myeloid ARS.     

伴MYST3-CREBBP融合基因阳性的继发性白血病一例并文献复习

目的 提高对伴有t(8;16)(p11;p13)易位的治疗相关性急性髓系白血病(AML)的认识.方法 报道1例有乳腺癌病史的患者,其化疗后继发伴t(8;16)(p11;p13)易位的AML,分析其相关临床表现、实验室特征、诊治经过及随访结果,并复习相关文献.结果 该例伴有t(8;16)(p11;p13)易位的AML患者继发于其他实体肿瘤,临床表现有乏力、皮疹、齿龈增生等,骨髓形态学提示急性单核细胞白血病,反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)证实位于8p11的MYST3与位于16p13的CREBBP形成融合基因MYST3-CREBBP.患者常规化疗后不易缓解,且短期内复发,总生存时间仅8个月.结论 t(8;16) (p11;p13)/MYST3-CREBBP阳性的AML患者具有特殊的临床表现及实验室特点,对常规化疗反应差,生存期短.     

p53 与急性髓细胞白血病相关研究进展

急性髓细胞白血病严重威胁人类健康,其与肿瘤抑制因子 p53 存在一定的相关性： p53基因 异常参与急性髓细胞白血病尤其是复杂核型急性髓细胞白血病的发病过程,并提示预后差以及对化疗和移植的治疗反应差;而 p53 抑制因子MDM2蛋白的过表达、多态性以及p53蛋白自身的多态性也在一定程度上影响急性髓细胞白血病的发病风险以及临床预后。以 p53 为靶点的药物主要包括抑制 p53 功能类和恢复 p53 功能类,均已在急性髓细胞白血病的治疗研究中显示出巨大的潜能,部分还进入了临床试验。为全面了解 p53 与急性髓细胞白血病的研究进展,本文就相关文献进行综述。     

伴t(1;19)(q23;p13)和E2A-PBX1成人急性T淋巴细胞白血病一例报告附文献复习

目的 总结1例伴有t(1;19)和E2A-PBX1融合基因阳性的成人T细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患者的诊疗体会.方法 对1例成人T细胞ALL患者进行染色体核型分析,流式细胞术检测免疫表型,同时进行融合基因多重RT-PCR扩增.结果 患者染色体核型为47,XY,9p+,15p+,17q-,der(19),t(1;19)(q23;p13)[5]/46,XY[15].E2A-PBX1融合基因阳性表达.给予hyperCVAD(环磷酰胺+长春新碱+阿霉素+地塞米松)方案治疗后患者获血液学完全缓解,染色体核型复查为46,XY[10],E2A-PBX1融合基因检测阴性.结论 E2A-PBX1+ t(1;19)也可以发生于T细胞ALL,E2a-PBX1白血病细胞在不同的癌基因协同信号或微环境下转化方向可变.     

Experimental therapeutic effect of combined cytokines on beagle dogs exposed to 4.5 Gy γ-rays

Objective To evaluate the effects of combined administration of recombinant human interleukin-11(rhIL-11),recombinant human G-CSF(rhG-CSF)and recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2)on acute radiation sickness(ARS)beagles.Methods Sixteen beagle were irradiated with 4.5 Gy60 Co γ-rays to establish ARS models,and were divided into irradiation control group,supportive care group and combined cytokines treatment group.After irradiation irradiation control group was given no treatment,the dogs in supportive care group received purely symptomatic treatment,while combined cytokines treatment group received rhIL-11 50μg/(kg·d)and rbG-CSF 10μg/(kg·d)subcutaneously(0-14 d)and rhIL-2 1×1 06 U/d(29-43 d)besides symptomatic treatment.Manifestation and characteristics of ARS beagles were observed,and the survival time were recorded.At last,post-mortem examination and histological examination were performed.Results All animals underwent nausea,diarrhea and fever.After irradiation,all animals in irradiation control group died in two weeks,and the mean survival time was 12.7 d,while only one died at 33 d in supportive care group.All dogs in combined cytokine group survived at 45 day after exposure,and their haematopoiesis and gastrointestinal tract were recovered.Conclusions Combination of rhIL-11 + rhG-CSF + rhIL-2 treatment could be significantly effective on ARS beagles irradiated by 4.5 Gy60 Co γ-rays,which could accelerate injured haemotopoiesis and intestinal tract recovery,increase the survival rate and improve the life quality of animals.     

急性非淋巴细胞白血病L-CFU的无血清培养

本文介绍了5例ANLL 患者骨髓L-CFU 体外完全无血清培养方法。培养体系中必须加入某些物质,以取代小牛血清。结果表明,加入2×10~(-4)mol/LBSA 第5部份、400μg/ml 饱和铁的人运铁蛋白、1U/ml 胰岛素及20μg/ml 胆固醇,对L-CFU 生长十分重要。加入1×10~(-4)mol/L2-ME 可使L-CFU 集落增大。全部实验均用HTB9-CM 作为刺激因子。本方法为研究人类造血生长因子对L-CFU 增殖调控以及将来L-CFU 培养的标准化,提供了先决条件。.i.———.———.一…..、.