泽泻醇B抑制C3a介导的人肾小管上皮细胞间充质转分化的实验研究

目的 探讨泽泻醇B能否抑制C3a介导的肾小管上皮细胞间充质转分化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)。方法 将体外培养的人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)分别用5 ng/mL转化生长因子β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)、0.1 μmol C3a和0.1 μmol C3a加10 μmol泽泻醇B进行干预。分别采用RT-PCR、Western blot和细胞免疫荧光法检测HK-2细胞C3、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）和上皮钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin） mRNA及蛋白表达。结果 经C3a刺激后,HK-2细胞C3 mRNA和蛋白表达明显增加(P<0.01),α-SMA mRNA及蛋白表达明显增加(P<0.01),E-cadherin mRNA及蛋白表达明显减少(P<0.01)。与经外源性C3a干预组比较,经泽泻醇B干预后,HK-2细胞α-SMA mRNA及蛋白表达明显减少(P<0.01),E-cadherin mRNA及蛋白表达明显增加(P<0.05)。结论 外源性C3a能诱导肾小管上皮细胞发生EMT,泽泻醇B可抑制C3a诱导的EMT。     

玻璃体腔重复注射抗血管内皮生长因子单克隆抗体bevacizumab对糖尿病大鼠视网膜的毒性观察

目的 观察玻璃体腔重复注射抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)单克隆抗体bevacizumab(商品名Avastin)对糖尿病大鼠视网膜的毒性作用.方法 40只健康成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为正常组(A组)和糖尿病组,分别为10、30只.糖尿病组采用链脲佐菌霉素(STZ)尾静脉注射方法制作糖尿病动物模型.随机选取10只作为糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)组(B组),不作任何处理;其余20只大鼠左眼为实验组(C组),玻璃体腔注射25 mg/ml的bevacizumab 3 μ1,共注射3次,每次间隔10 d;右眼为实验对照组(D组),不给予任何处理.末次注射后20 d,采用闪光视网膜电图(F-ERG)对各组大鼠行视网膜功能检测;溴化乙锭(EB)染色视网膜铺片,荧光显微镜观察各组大鼠视网膜血管变化情况;苏木精-伊红(HE)染色,光学显微镜观察大鼠视网膜形态学变化;免疫组织化学染色法观察大鼠视网膜各层Thy-1及VEGF阳性表达情况.结果 F-ERG检测显示,A、B、C、D 4组暗适应a、b波潜伏期,暗适应b波振幅及振荡电位(Ops)总振幅比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=33.165,36.162,19.955,23.243;P值均=0.000);A、B、C、D4组暗适应a波振幅比较,差异无统计学意义(F=0.097,P=0.961).荧光显微镜观察发现,A组大鼠视网膜血管走行良好,B组大鼠视网膜血管走行纡曲、扩张,C组大鼠视网膜血管走形规则、变细,D组大鼠视网膜可见微血管瘤.光学显微镜观察发现,A组大鼠视网膜层次结构整齐分明,B组大鼠视网膜各层细胞结构排列紊乱,C组大鼠视网膜各层细胞排列整齐,D组大鼠视网膜各层细胞排列不整齐.免疫组织化学染色发现,Thy-1阳性表达主要位于神经节细胞层(GCL),极少数位于内丛状层、内核层.VEGF阳性表达主要定位于GCL,少量位于神经纤维层、内核层及视网膜色素上皮层.结论 玻璃体腔重复注射bevacizumab对糖尿病大鼠视网膜有一定毒性作用.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the retinal toxicity of repeated intravitreal injection with bevacizumab(Avastin)in diabetic rats.Methods Forty male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into normal group(Group A,10 rats)and diabetes mellitus group(30 rats).The rats in diabetes mellitus group were induced with streptozotocin injection for diabetic retinopathy model.And then randomly divided into diabetic retinopathy(DR)group(Group B,10 rats),the rats were not intervened;the left eyes of the other 20 rats were intravitreal injected with bevaeizumab 3 μ1(25 mg/m1)for 3 times as experimental group(Group C);the right eyes of the 20 rats were not intervened as experimental control group(Group D),20 days after last intravitreal injection,retinal function was measured by Flicker Electroretinogram (F-ERG);retinal vascular pattern was determined by fluorescence microscopy of ethidium bromide(EB)stained retinal flat mounts;retinal morphological changes were determined by light microscope on hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained sections;Thy-1 and VEGF expression was measured by immunohistochemistry staining.Results F-ERG showed that-the differences of a-and b-waves-the b-wave amplitude and the Ops-wave amplitude in the implicit time between group A,B,C and D were significant (F=33.165,36.162,19.955,23.243;P=0.000);the differences of a-wave amplitude between group A,B,C and D was not significant(F=0.097,P=0v961).Retinal blood vessel pattern was normalin Group A;retinal vascular vessels were tortuous and irregularly expanded in Group B:retinal vascular vessels of Group C were regular and thinner than Group A;microaneurysm were showed in Group D.Light microscope displayed that the layers of the rat retina of Group A were regular,the retinal architectures of Group B were irregular,the retinal layers were regular in Group C,the retinal layers were irregular in Group D.Immunohistochemistry staining discovered that Thy-1 and VEGF were mainly expressed in ganglion cell layer(GCL).Conclusion Repeated intravitreal injection of bevacizumab iS toxic tO retina of diabetes mellitus rats.     

玻璃体腔重复注射抗血管内皮生长因子单克隆抗体bevacizumab对糖尿病大鼠视网膜的毒性观察

Objective To observe the retinal toxicity of repeated intravitreal injection with bevacizumab(Avastin)in diabetic rats.Methods Forty male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into normal group(Group A,10 rats)and diabetes mellitus group(30 rats).The rats in diabetes mellitus group were induced with streptozotocin injection for diabetic retinopathy model.And then randomly divided into diabetic retinopathy(DR)group(Group B,10 rats),the rats were not intervened;the left eyes of the other 20 rats were intravitreal injected with bevaeizumab 3 μ1(25 mg/m1)for 3 times as experimental group(Group C);the right eyes of the 20 rats were not intervened as experimental control group(Group D),20 days after last intravitreal injection,retinal function was measured by Flicker Electroretinogram (F-ERG);retinal vascular pattern was determined by fluorescence microscopy of ethidium bromide(EB)stained retinal flat mounts;retinal morphological changes were determined by light microscope on hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained sections;Thy-1 and VEGF expression was measured by immunohistochemistry staining.Results F-ERG showed that-the differences of a-and b-waves-the b-wave amplitude and the Ops-wave amplitude in the implicit time between group A,B,C and D were significant (F=33.165,36.162,19.955,23.243;P=0.000);the differences of a-wave amplitude between group A,B,C and D was not significant(F=0.097,P=0v961).Retinal blood vessel pattern was normalin Group A;retinal vascular vessels were tortuous and irregularly expanded in Group B:retinal vascular vessels of Group C were regular and thinner than Group A;microaneurysm were showed in Group D.Light microscope displayed that the layers of the rat retina of Group A were regular,the retinal architectures of Group B were irregular,the retinal layers were regular in Group C,the retinal layers were irregular in Group D.Immunohistochemistry staining discovered that Thy-1 and VEGF were mainly expressed in ganglion cell layer(GCL).Conclusion Repeated intravitreal injection of bevacizumab iS toxic tO retina of diabetes mellitus rats.     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术术后早期应用卡替洛尔滴眼液对屈光状态的影响

目的 评估准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK）术后早期应用盐酸卡替洛尔滴眼液对屈光状态及眼压的影响。 设计 前瞻性比较性病例系列。研究对象 2009年11月-2011年9月北京同仁医院行LASIK手术的近视患者32例（32眼）。 方法 试验组15眼LASIK术后第1周开始使用2%盐酸卡替洛尔滴眼液每日2次,低中度近视患者持续1个月,高度近视患者持续1.5个月。对照组17眼术后不使用2%盐酸卡替洛尔滴眼液。术前、术后1、3、6个月进行显然验光、Oculyzer眼前节测量系统、眼压等检查。主要指标 等效球镜度、角膜后表面高度、眼压。结果 试验组术后1、3、6个月时等效球镜度分别为（-0.150±0.742）、（-0.170±0.595）和（-0.525±0.618）D;对照组分别为（-0.258±0.581）、（-0.290±0.657）和（-0.459±0.591）D（P均＞0.05）。试验组术后1、3、6个月时角膜后表面高度分别为（7.47±2.326）、（6.60±3.158）和（5.86±2.610）μm;对照组分别为（6.59±3.355）、（7.35±3.622）和（7.33±2.992）μm（P均＞0.05）。试验组术后1、3、6个月眼压分别为（7.80±0.941）、（8.07±1.534）、（8.70±1.337） mm Hg;对照组分别为（9.35±2.827）、（9.59±2.717）、（8.73±1.580）mm Hg。术后1个月时试验组和对照组眼压有统计学差异（P=0.045）,余时间点均无统计学差异。结论 LASIK术后早期应用盐酸卡替洛尔滴眼液通过降低眼压可能对屈光状态具有稳定作用。（眼科,2013,22：49-52）     

透骨消痛胶囊含药血清对软骨细胞外基质表达的影响**◆

背景：软骨细胞代谢异常引起细胞外基质降解和修复失衡是骨性关节炎的重要病理变化。透骨消痛胶囊具有补肾柔肝、活血祛风的功效,临床实验证实其对防治骨性关节炎有较好疗效。 目的：观察透骨消痛胶囊含药血清对软骨细胞外基质表达的影响。 方法：取SD大鼠膝关节软骨建立体外培养的软骨细胞,第3代软骨细胞同步化后进行干预。50只SD大鼠抽签法随机分为5组,用药量按照人体与动物药物等效剂量换算,空白组：生理盐水进行灌胃;对照组：壮骨关节丸水溶液灌胃;实验组：透骨消痛胶囊水溶液按0.145,0.290,0.580 mg/(g•d)进行灌胃。各组均连续给药3 d,采血前禁食12 h,末次给药1 h后腹主动脉采血,制备血清。 结果与结论：Ⅱ型胶原免疫组织化学染色可见透骨消痛胶囊实验组Ⅱ型胶原表达强于空白组及对照组;透骨消痛胶囊实验组CollagenⅡ、蛋白聚糖、Aggrecan mRNA基因表达明显升高(P < 0.01),Cathepsin K mRNA基因表达明显降低(P < 0.01)。提示透骨消痛胶囊含药血清能上调软骨细胞CollagenⅡ、蛋白聚糖、Aggrecan mRNA基因表达,下调Cathepsin K mRNA基因表达,促进细胞外基质合成,调控细胞外基质和软骨细胞之间的动态平衡。关键词：透骨消痛胶囊;骨性关节炎;含药血清;软骨细胞;细胞外基质 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.21.004     

基于水气满中探讨慢性心衰缓解期辨证论治

气虚血瘀水停是慢性心力衰竭(CHF)的重要病机,气—血—水之间形成了三位一体的水液代谢障碍轴,中焦脾胃在水液的代谢过程中扮演了关键角色。气化是世界事物存在和运动的一种普遍形式,是生命活动的本质。若无气化,气将永远处于混沌状态,万物亦不复存在。水液的输布、蒸腾、排泄都是在气化的参与下完成,并通过脏腑为载体,以三焦为通道,环流周身,营养全身脏腑形体官窍。脾功能的正常发挥,有效地防止水在体内的积聚。     

中药复方量效关系研究现状

量效关系是确定临床用药剂量的依据,是确保用药有效性和安全性的基础.由于中药复方量效关系受诸多因素的影响,且研究起步较晚,发展缓慢,故尚未形成系统的理论体系及研究方法.现在的研究主要从研究思路的探讨、理论文献的挖掘、拆方研究、血清药动学研究及代谢组学等入手,今后应当在传统中医药基础理论的指导下,借助现代先进技术,从微观的角度,更深的层次探索研究中药复方剂量与功效的关系.     

辅助性T细胞17及调节性T细胞在慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血的变化及意义

目的 探究辅助性T细胞17及调节性T细胞在慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者外周血的变化及意义。方法 以2016年5月—2017年5月在深圳市龙华区中心医院肝病房收治的120例慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者为研究对象,根据慢性乙型肝炎诊断标准分为轻、中、重度三组患者,其中轻度患者31例,中度患者48例,重度患者41例,同时选取本院60例健康体检者作为对照组。采用流式细胞仪对辅助性T细胞17（Th17）及调节性T细胞(Treg)进行监测,同时对各组患者的肝功指标:血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)进行检测,对四组患者的以上指标进行比较分析。结果 中度组ALT和AST的含量要高于轻度组,差异存在统计学意义（t=8.264、10.237,P<0.05）,重度组ALT和AST要高于中度组,差异存在统计学意义（t=11.036、17.209,P<0.05）。中、重度组乙型肝炎病毒感染者的Th17表达率均要高于健康对照组（t=16.230、18.714,P<0.05）;各感染组的Th17表达率差异存在统计学意义（F=22.783,P<0.05）;轻、中和重度组感染乙肝病毒的患者Treg表达率要高于健康对照组（t=3.201、3.784、4.115,P<0.05）,而不同程度地感染乙型肝炎的各组之间无差异（P>0.05）; 轻、中和重度组感染乙肝病毒的患者Th17/Treg 比值要高于健康对照（t=21.306、24.397、28.001,P<0.05）,且不同程度地感染乙型肝炎的各组之间差异存在统计学意义（F=35.067,P<0.05）。结论 慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染的患者随着病情的发展Th17和Treg细胞水平会呈现一定的上升趋势,Th17/Treg比值较单一的 Th17、Treg 表达率更能反映肝脏受侵害的病情发展。     

硝酸咪康唑散预防新生儿红臀200例效果观察

2008年12月～2010年12月,本院新生儿科对200例新生儿采用硝酸咪康唑散进行臀部护理预防红臀,取得满意效果.现报告如下.