桃核承气汤对荷瘤鼠NK细胞活性影响的实验研究

以荷瘤小鼠为研究模型,观察桃核承气汤对NK细胞活性的影响,证实了桃核承气汤有明显的抗肿瘤作用,且与化疗药物环磷酰胺合用,能增强NK细胞的活性,从而增强机体的免疫机能,并可拮抗化疗所致的机体免疫功能下降。说明桃核承气汤可以通过提高机体的免疫功能而发挥抗肿瘤的作用,为临床抗肿瘤治疗提供了理论依据。     

妊娠晚期和分娩期诱导型一氧化氮合成酶在子宫下段及胎盘的定位与活性观察

目的：研究不同临产状态子宫下段平滑肌层及胎盘组织诱导一氧化氮合成酶（iNOS)的定位与活性变化，探讨一氧化氮（NO）参与分娩发动的机制。方法：分别在临床前（未临产、先兆临产）、临产后（潜伏期、活跃期）四组的足月孕妇剖宫产术中，取子宫下段平滑肌及胎盘标本用免疫组化法定性，半定量分析iNOS的表达。结果：iNOS表达阳性细胞主要为子宫下段肌细胞，胎盘绒毛合体滋养细胞及残留的细胞滋养细胞、线毛间质Hoffbauer细胞，子宫下段肌层及胎盘临产前组iNOS染色强度及范围明显低于临床后组（P＜0．001）。未临与先兆临产组及潜伏期与活跃期组，差异无显著性（P＞0．05），子宫下段肌层与胎盘iNOS表达有一定相关性,rs=0．64（P＜0．01），结论；子宫下段肌层iNOS临产时酶活性上升，NO水平增高，有利于子宫下段成熟，为分娩发动机作准备；胎盘iNOS临产时酶活性上升，从而改善临产后子宫－胎盘血循环障碍，防止发生胎儿窘迫。     

角色体验对产妇分娩结局的影响

目的：探讨实施角色体验干预对产妇分娩方式的影响。方法：将796例孕产妇随机分为试验组379例与对照组417例,对照组给予常规产前检查及护理,试验组在此基础上自孕35周起进行门诊咨询指导给予角色体验干预。结果：试验组自然分娩率提高,剖宫产率降低,产后出血减少,窒息减少,产妇焦虑程度降低,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：角色体验有利于母婴健康,值得临床推广应用。     

细胞毒性药物集中配置安全防护措施及工作体会

静脉配置中心（PIVAS）是指在洁净的操作环境中,由受过培训的药学和护理人员严格遵守操作规程对静脉营养液、细胞毒性药物和抗生素等进行科学集中配置的场所.这其中的细胞毒性药物不仅能抑制恶性肿瘤的生长,而且对肿瘤组织和正常组织均有抑制作用,细胞毒性药物可以通过皮肤黏膜、呼吸道、经口吞入进入人体而使操作者受到低剂量的危害[1].PIVAS凭借其在环境、人力技术等方面的优势,在细胞毒性药物的配置中发挥着重要作用,而配置人员的安全防护是值得关注和重视的.现将我院启用PIVAS近3年来有关配置人员的安全防护介绍如下.     

苏州市沧浪区小学生超重及肥胖状况调查

目的：了解苏州市小学生超重及肥胖现状，为儿童超重、肥胖的有效防控提供科学依据。方法采用WGOC推荐的“中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查人体质量指数值分类标准”，对苏州市沧浪区13822名6～12岁在校小学生进行超重、肥胖状况分析。结果13822名小学生中，男生7654人，女生6168人。男生超重率随年龄增长呈上升趋势（χ2＝26．62，P＜0．01），女生肥胖率的变化趋势与年龄有关，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝17．47，P＜0．01）。7～12岁女学生随年龄增长肥胖率呈下降趋势。6～11岁各年龄组男学生超重率、肥胖率均高于女生。结论苏州小学生超重肥胖率呈快速增长趋势，建议心理膳食运动相结合，以学校为平台，以家庭为中心，并借助家长参与，学校老师、保健医生支持使儿童肥胖趋势得以控制。     

体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向肾小管上皮样细胞分化

Objective To investigate the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to renal tubular epithelial-like cells under different conditions. Methods MSCs were obtained from rat marrow. MSCs were isolated by gradient density centrifugation and plastic adherence and then purified. Surface markers were identified with flow cytometry after amplification in vitro. The purified MSCs of the third passage were cultured respectively as follows: (1) control group: DMEM medium with fetal bovine serum(FBS). (2) all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) group: DMEM medium with FBS, ATRA and ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate. (3)combination group: DMEM medium with FBS, ATRA, ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7). After 7 days, the MSCs were collected for alkaline phosphatase (AKP) staining, cytokeratin-18 and E-cadherin immunocytochemical analysis. Results The positive rates of the third passage MSCs in CD44, CD90 and CD29 were 97.8%±0.9%, 96.8%±1.4% and 97.6%±2.4%,respectively, but in CD11b/c and CD34 were only 13.2%±0.6% and 1.2%±0.5%. The MSCs in control group were spindle. The MSCs in ATRA group were round and elliptic. The MSCs in combination group became cobblestone-like cells after 7 days. AKP staining showed that tubular epithelial-like cells from MSCs in control group were negative, some above cells in ATRA group were positive and number of above cells increased in combination group. Compared with negative control group, the ratios of cytokeratin-18 positive cells in ATRA group and combination group were respectively increassed by 29.47%±1.08% and 47.52%±2.13% (all P<0.05), the ratios of E-cadherin positive cells in ATRA group and combination group were respectively increased by 14.88%±2.46% and 36.15%±1.13% (all P<0.05). Conclusion MSCs may differentiate by renal tubular epithelial-like cells under the induction of ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate and ATRA in vitro, which are further differentiated under the combined induction of EGF and BMP-7.     

肿瘤相关间充质干细胞的研究进展

间充质干细胞普遍存在于组织间质中，对组织损伤修复、机体免疫调控等均发挥重要作用。近年研究发现，肿瘤组织中普遍存在间充质干细胞，称为肿瘤相关间充质干细胞，且与正常组织内的间充质干细胞在调控功能、基因表型等方面有所区别。可以说，肿瘤相关间充质干细胞是独立于正常间充质干细胞的特殊亚型。本文对肿瘤相关间充质干细胞的来源、转化、功能及其临床价值进行综述。     

体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向肾小管上皮样细胞分化

Objective To investigate the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to renal tubular epithelial-like cells under different conditions. Methods MSCs were obtained from rat marrow. MSCs were isolated by gradient density centrifugation and plastic adherence and then purified. Surface markers were identified with flow cytometry after amplification in vitro. The purified MSCs of the third passage were cultured respectively as follows: (1) control group: DMEM medium with fetal bovine serum(FBS). (2) all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) group: DMEM medium with FBS, ATRA and ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate. (3)combination group: DMEM medium with FBS, ATRA, ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7). After 7 days, the MSCs were collected for alkaline phosphatase (AKP) staining, cytokeratin-18 and E-cadherin immunocytochemical analysis. Results The positive rates of the third passage MSCs in CD44, CD90 and CD29 were 97.8%±0.9%, 96.8%±1.4% and 97.6%±2.4%,respectively, but in CD11b/c and CD34 were only 13.2%±0.6% and 1.2%±0.5%. The MSCs in control group were spindle. The MSCs in ATRA group were round and elliptic. The MSCs in combination group became cobblestone-like cells after 7 days. AKP staining showed that tubular epithelial-like cells from MSCs in control group were negative, some above cells in ATRA group were positive and number of above cells increased in combination group. Compared with negative control group, the ratios of cytokeratin-18 positive cells in ATRA group and combination group were respectively increassed by 29.47%±1.08% and 47.52%±2.13% (all P<0.05), the ratios of E-cadherin positive cells in ATRA group and combination group were respectively increased by 14.88%±2.46% and 36.15%±1.13% (all P<0.05). Conclusion MSCs may differentiate by renal tubular epithelial-like cells under the induction of ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate and ATRA in vitro, which are further differentiated under the combined induction of EGF and BMP-7.     

恒磁场对大鼠脑缺血-再灌注模型抗氧化能力的影响

目的研究恒磁场对脑缺血再灌注大鼠抗氧化能力的影响.方法大脑中动脉线栓法建立脑缺血90min再灌注模型,40mT恒磁场体外照射大鼠头部30min/d,共7d,测MDA、SOD(T-SOD,CuZu-SOD,Mn-SOD)、GSH-PX、T-AO、CP的变化.结果磁疗组中的MDA显著低于模型组,T-SOD,CuZu-SOD,T-AO,CP显著高于模型组,Mn-SOD,GSH-PX相对模型组有增高趋势,但不显著.结论恒磁场能在一定程度上提高大鼠脑缺血-再灌注模型的抗氧化能力.     

中风病中经络中医证型与脑血流动力学改变的相关性研究

目的:探讨中风病中经络中医辨证分型与脑动脉血流动力学改变的相关关系。方法:应用经颅多普勒超声检测92例中风病急性期中经络患者颅底动脉血流动力学情况,同时以同年龄阶段头颅影像学检查正常的25例健康体检者作为对照。结果:气虚血瘀组大脑中、前、后动脉的平均血流速度Vm均低于对照组,而脉动指数PI均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。肝阳上亢组及风痰瘀血、痹阻脉络组大脑中、前、后动脉的平均血流速度Vm均明显高于对照组及气虚血瘀组,脉动指数均高于对照组(P均<0.05),此二组间差异无显著性。结论:中风病中经络之上述3组辨证分型与颅底动脉血流动力学变化密切相关。