发展现代医学教育技术面临的问题、原因及其对策

在信息时代发展现代医学教育技术刻不容缓，本文重点分析了当前现代医学教育技术中存在的问题及原因。探讨了发展未来现代医学教育技术的对策和措施。     

孕晚期人未成熟卵母细胞的体外成熟:一种新的卵母细胞来源

目的 探讨来源于孕晚期、自然周期及Gn刺激周期(包括超促排周期及IVM周期)的人未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟的差异及颗粒细胞对孕晚期卵母细胞体外成熟的影响.方法 共获得未成熟卵母细胞1076枚,包括OCC 633枚和DO 453枚.其中OCC分为孕晚期组、自然周期组和IVM周期组;DO分为孕晚期组、自然周期组和超促排卵周期组;孕晚期来源的未成熟卵母细胞分为OCC组和DO组.所有未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟后,ICSI受精序贯培养,除IVM周期组行胚胎移植外,其余均培养至囊胚阶段.分别比较OCC和DO各组未成熟卵母细胞的成熟率、受精率、卵裂率和孕晚期组、自然周期组和超促排卵周期组的囊胚形成率,统计IVM周期组的移植周期妊娠率;比较孕晚期OCC组与DO组的成熟率、受精率、卵裂率和囊胚形成率.结果 OCC:孕晚期组、自然周期组及IVM周期组的体外成熟率分别为74.3%、76.9%和82.2%,孕晚期组与IVM周期组相比具有统计学差异;三组受精率、卵裂率相比,孕晚期组和自然周期组囊胚形成率相比均未见统计学差异,IVM周期组移植周期妊娠率为20%.DO:超促排卵周期组体外成熟率最高(86.0%),明显高于自然周期组(72.5%)和孕晚期组(72.7%),P<0.01;孕晚期组受精率、卵裂率、囊胚形成率分别为65.0%、83.3%和38.5%,与其他两组相比均亦未见统计学差异.孕晚期OCC组与DO组的成熟率、受精率、卵裂率和囊胚形成率无差别.结论 孕晚期来源的未成熟卵母细胞在体外具有同样的发育潜能,孕晚期捐献的卵母细胞可作为一种供卵来源:有无颗粒细胞并不影响孕晚期卵母细胞的发育能力.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the in vitro maturation of human oocytes (IVM)from pregnant late term,natural cycles and Gn stimulating cycles and the effect of granulose cells on IVM from pregnant late term.Methods A total of 1086 immature oocytes were obtained including 633 oocyte-cumulus complexes(OCCs)and 453 denuded oocytes(DOs).OCCs were divided into pregnant late term group,natural cycle group and IVM group,and DOs were divided into pregnant late term group,natural cycle group and controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH) group.All the oocytes were matured in IVM culture system and fertilized by ICSI.The embyos were cultured to blastcyst stage except that those in IVM group were transferred into the utems.The main outcomes were assessed including maturation rate(MR), fertilization rate(FR),cleaverage rate(CR),and blastulation rate(BR)(natural cycle group,pregnant late term group and COH group)and pregnancy rate per transfer cycle(PR) of IVM group.ReslIIts MR of OCCs in pregnant late term group,natural cycle group and COH group was 74.3%,76.9%and 82.2%,respectively,showing statistical difference between pregnant late term cycle group and IVM group.No statistical difference was observed in FR,CR or BR between the three groups.For IVM cycle group,clinical pregnancy rate of 20%per aspiration was achieved.For DOs,MR of COH group(86.0%)was significantly higher than that of the natural cycle group(72.5%)and pregnant late term group(72.7%) (P<0.01).FR,CR and BR showed no statistical difference among the 3 groups.No difference was found in MR,FR,CR and BR between OCCs group and DOs group from pregnant late term.Conclusions The oocytes from pregnant late term have the same development potential as those from natural cycles or Gn stimulating cycles in vitro,and provide a new source of donor oocytes.Granulose ceils do not affect the IVM from pregnant late term.     

首报3例人类染色体异常核型

本室在149对反复性流产夫妇的染色体检查中发现了7例人类染色体异常核型．其中三例经查嗣文献及专家鉴定认为属世界首报．     

细辛脑注射液佐治婴幼儿毛细支气管炎疗效砚察

目的 探讨α-细辛脑注射液治疗毛细支气管炎的临床疗效.方法 将80例毛细支气管炎的患儿随机分为两组.两组均给予综合治疗,治疗组42例加用α-细辛脑静脉点滴0.05mg/(kg·次),2次/d.结果 治疗组在症状、体征的消失及治愈天数上均优于对照组(P<0.05).结论 细辛脑治疗毛细支气管炎有显著疗效,而且安全.     

小鼠大脑皮质NO水平与脑不对称性的关系

目的:通过建立脑不对称动物模型,探讨大脑皮质-氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)水平与脑不对称性之间的关系.方法:选用雌性4周龄Balb/c健康小鼠,用伸爪取食法根据右利分(right paw entry,RPE)将小鼠区分为左利、右利和双利3组.细菌脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)腹腔注射2 h后分别取左右侧大脑皮质制作匀浆液,采用Greiss重氮化反应法检测其NO水平.结果:1)生理状况和LPS刺激下右侧大脑皮质NO水平均高于左侧大脑皮质(P＜0.01).2)脑不对称小鼠:正常生理组右侧大脑皮质NO水平为双利组显著高于右利组和左利组,左侧皮质为双利组显著高于右利组(P＜0.05);LPS刺激后左右侧大脑皮质NO水平在左利、双利和右利3组小鼠间无明显差异.3)大脑皮质NO水平与小鼠右利分有一定的相关性,其随右利分的变化趋势多为双利＞右利和左利,形成一以双利小鼠为高峰的倒U形曲线.结论:大脑皮质NO水平与脑不对称性有一定的相关性,且与脑不对称的程度有关.     

氟化钠对红细胞膜酶活力的影响

氟作为常见微量元素是人们日常生活中的组成部分，可通过饮水，进食，皮肤及职业性接触等进入人体，在超过机体的耐受量时，就会对人体健康造成危害。氟摄入过量除引起骨组织病变，还可造成神经组织及细胞膜间接和直接损害。有关氟对红细胞膜生化功能的影响，国内外少有报道。膜毒理是从亚细胞水平