细胞因子治疗4.5Gyγ射线照射比格犬造血损伤的机制初探

目的 探讨多种细胞因子配伍应用治疗4.5 Gy γ射线照射比格犬造血系统损伤的作用及可能机制。方法 16只比格犬均给予4.5 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ射线全身照射,随机分为照射对照、综合对症和细胞因子3组。细胞因子组在综合对症支持治疗的基础上应用rhG-CSF、rhIL-11和rhIL-2联合治疗,采用流式细胞术检测外周血中CD34+细胞含量、有核细胞周期及凋亡比例。结果 4.5 Gy γ射线照射犬外周血中CD34+细胞含量在照射后1 d明显下降(照射对照组和综合对症组分别为照前值的61.3%和52.1%),G₀/G₁期有核细胞比例增加(分别为99.27%和99.49%),且凋亡率(分别为26.93%和21.29%)和坏死率(分别为3.27%和4.14%)明显升高(与照前值比较, P<0.05);而经过细胞因子治疗后,外周血中CD34+细胞含量在照射后1 d即明显升高(为照前值的135.6%),G₀/G₁期有核细胞比例(99.71%)进一步增加,其凋亡率(5.66%)和坏死率(1.60%)明显低于照射对照和综合对症组。结论 本研究的细胞因子组合可能通过动员骨髓中CD34+细胞到外周血,使细胞周期阻滞在G₀/G₁期,减少细胞凋亡,从而促进极重度骨髓型急性放射病犬造血功能的恢复。     

Therapeutic effects of combined cytokines on hematopoietic injuries induced by 4.5 Gy γ-rays irradiation in beagles

Objectivc To observe the therapeutic effects of combined cytokines on hematopoietic injuries induced by 4.5 Gy60 Co γ-rays irradiation in beagles,and to provide experimental evidences for the clinical treatment of extremely severe myeloid acute radiation sickness(ARS).Methods 16 beagles were given 4.5 Gy60 Co γ-rays total body irradiation,and then randomly assigned into irradiation control group,supportive care group and cytokines group.In addition to supportive care,recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF),recombinant human interleukin-11(rhIL-11)and recombinant human interleukin-2(rhIL-2)were administered subcutaneouly to dogs in cytokines group.Peripheral blood hemogram was examined once every two days.Bone marrow and peripheral blood were collected to proceed colony cultivation 4 d pre-irradiation and 1 and 45 d post-irradiation.Conventional histopathological sections of sternum were prepared to observe the histomorphology changes. Results After irradiation,the population of all kinds of cells in peripheral blood declined sharply.WBC nadir Was elevated(1.04×109/L,but 0.28×109/L and 0.68×109/L for the irradiation control group and the supportive care group separately),the duration of thrombocytopenia was shortened (24 days,but 33 days for the supportive care groug) and red blood cell counts were maintained in the range of normal values after cytokincs treatment in combination.The colony forming efficiency of haemopoietic stem cells(HSCs)in bone marrow and peripheral blood decreased obviously 1 d post irradiation,but recovered to the level of that before irradiation 45 d post irradiation after supportive care and cytokines treatment.Hematopoietic cells disappeared in bone marrow of animals in irradiation control group,but hematopoietic functions were recovered after cytokines were administrated.Conclusions RhG-CSF.rhIL-11 and rhIL-2 used in combination could elevate WBC nadir,accelerate the recovery of leukocytes,platelets and red blood cells and promote the proliferation,differentiation and maturity of HSPCs left in the body after 4.5 Gy γ-rays total body irradiation,eventually restore the hematopoietic function.Hence,combination of rhG-CSF,rhIL-11 and rhIL-2 could serve as better therapeutic strategy to treat extremely severe myeloid ARS.     

马来酸麦角新碱联合益母草注射液辨证治疗产后子宫收缩的临床研究

目的:探讨马来酸麦角新碱注射液联合益母草注射液辨证治疗产后子宫收缩的临床效果。方法:选取本院在2015年3月—2017年3月期间收治的90例阴道分娩产妇作为对象,按照简单随机法分为3组,每组各30例,分别行单用马来酸麦角新碱注射液、单用益母草注射液及联合用药治疗。观察3组产妇产后出血、子宫收缩、宫底高度及产后不良反应发生情况。结果:C组产妇在产后2 h、2~12 h、12~24 h的出血量均明显低于A、B组(P0.05);C组产妇产后24 h出血总量也明显低于A、B组(P0.05)。C组产妇在产后2 h、6 h及12 h的子宫收缩情况明显优于A、B两组(P0.05);而在产后24 h,3组患者子宫收缩情况无明显差异(P0.05)。3组产妇产后,随着时间延长,宫底高度均有下降,在产后1 d,3组产妇宫底高度比较无统计学意义(P0.05);而在产后2 d、3 d,C组产妇的宫底高度明显低于A、B两组(P0.05)。A组产妇不良反应发生率为50%,B组产妇不良反应发生率为46.47%,C组产妇不良反应发生率为43.34%,C组产妇不良反应发生率与A、B两组比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:马来酸麦角新碱注射液联合益母草注射液对抑制产妇产后出血及子宫复旧疗效确切,且能够降低产后不良反应发生风险,可作为预防产后出血及子宫复旧的治疗方案。     

桂枝肌瘤丸联合热熨治疗寒湿瘀滞型慢性盆腔炎60例

目的:探讨桂枝肌瘤丸联合热熨疗法治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床效果。方法:将120例寒湿瘀滞型慢性盆腔炎患者随机分成两组,对照组60例采用西医治疗;治疗组60例采用桂枝肌瘤丸(桂枝、牡丹皮、桃仁、丹参、赤芍、茯苓)联合热熨疗法,两组均治疗3个疗程,观察两组的临床效果。结果:治疗组痊愈率,总有效率明显优于对照组(P0.01)。结论:桂枝肌瘤丸联合热熨治疗慢性盆腔炎临床效果好,且操作简单。     

环椎轴位的摄影方法

环椎正侧位为我们日常投照工作中的常规位置,是检查环枢椎关节脱位、齿状突骨折及骨质改变必不可少的方法。而对环椎后弓骨折、移位就难以确诊。笔者结合人体标本和对患者进行投照,总结出环椎轴位的投照方法。方法　患者俯卧于摄影台上,两臂放于身旁,头颅后仰,使作者单位:261031潍坊医学院附属医院放射科(王林、郭新全、张始状、曹贵文、张益海);眼科(王金香)头颅冠状面与床面呈75°。球管向足侧倾斜15°,暗盒置于下颌颏下三角区。中心线对准枕骨粗隆上方3ｃｍ处。环椎轴位像投照在颏下三角区和下颌下三角区内。讨论　环椎轴位片与ＣＴ片对…     

Experimental therapeutic effect of combined cytokines on beagle dogs exposed to 4.5 Gy γ-rays

Objective To evaluate the effects of combined administration of recombinant human interleukin-11(rhIL-11),recombinant human G-CSF(rhG-CSF)and recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2)on acute radiation sickness(ARS)beagles.Methods Sixteen beagle were irradiated with 4.5 Gy60 Co γ-rays to establish ARS models,and were divided into irradiation control group,supportive care group and combined cytokines treatment group.After irradiation irradiation control group was given no treatment,the dogs in supportive care group received purely symptomatic treatment,while combined cytokines treatment group received rhIL-11 50μg/(kg·d)and rbG-CSF 10μg/(kg·d)subcutaneously(0-14 d)and rhIL-2 1×1 06 U/d(29-43 d)besides symptomatic treatment.Manifestation and characteristics of ARS beagles were observed,and the survival time were recorded.At last,post-mortem examination and histological examination were performed.Results All animals underwent nausea,diarrhea and fever.After irradiation,all animals in irradiation control group died in two weeks,and the mean survival time was 12.7 d,while only one died at 33 d in supportive care group.All dogs in combined cytokine group survived at 45 day after exposure,and their haematopoiesis and gastrointestinal tract were recovered.Conclusions Combination of rhIL-11 + rhG-CSF + rhIL-2 treatment could be significantly effective on ARS beagles irradiated by 4.5 Gy60 Co γ-rays,which could accelerate injured haemotopoiesis and intestinal tract recovery,increase the survival rate and improve the life quality of animals.     

Clotting mechanism in beagles irradiated by 4.5 Gy γ-rays

Objective To explore the clotting mechanism in beagles irradiated by 4.5 Gy γ-rays after treatment with supportive care,or supportive care and combined cytokines.Methods Sixteen beagles were divided into irradiation control group,Supportive care group and combined cytokines treatment group.Platelet aggregation test,thrombelagtography (TEG) and the time measurement were analyzed in vitro.Results In irradiation group and supportive care group,the platelet aggregation rates in beagles were decreased markedly and the k value of TEG was increased 7 d post-irradiation,while those indexes in combined cytokines treatment group changed little.At 14 d post-irradiation,each parameter of TEG in irradiated group changed obviously.The values of r,k,r+k and M were elevated significantly,clotting time and the maximum coagulation time of thrombus delayed,the Ma value was decreased markedly,and the maximum elasticity amplitude of thrombus was diminished.All parameters in combined cytokines treatment group were better than those in supportive care group.The thrombin time was prolonged obviously in irradiated group 14 d post-irradiation,while the thrombin time was the longest at 2-3 weeks post irradiation in supportive care group and combined cytokines treatment group(P>0.05).Conclusions Cytokines could improve the platelet aggregation and the blood clotting functions of beagles suffering from acute radiation sickness.     

在“娃娃家”中培养小班幼儿整理玩具的好习惯

背景情况：刚离开家人的孩子在情绪比较不稳定的情况下会更倾向于进行以家庭生活为主要内容的娃娃家游戏,从中体验家庭的感觉,获得乐趣与安慰。娃娃家对幼儿来说,无论在身心健康情感方面还是能力发展方面都有重要的作用。按照惯例我们开展了“我上幼儿园”的主题活动,本次活动中一个最重要的目标就是“让幼儿喜欢上幼儿园”。尽管每个孩子的兴趣都存在着差异,但娃娃家却是每个幼儿都喜欢玩的地方,每次区域游戏中最热闹的也就是这一角落,于是,娃娃家很自然成为了我们教学活动的一个重点。今年我们对娃娃家重新设置,将娃娃家分成三个区域：厨房、客厅、卧室,尽可能地让“娃娃家”接近现实生活。然而,每次游戏结束后最让老师头疼的就是玩具整理,很长一段时间孩子们没有收玩具的意识,总是扔得满地都是。     

金平19株伤寒菌噬菌体型和在民族间分布

1987年金平县连续发生3起伤寒暴发,共发病378例,死亡17例,病死率4.49％。发病年龄最小1岁,最大79岁。流行病学调查3起暴发互无联系,我们将分离到的19株伤塞菌送到北京市卫生防疫站做     

三种不同饮食干预建立非酒精性脂肪肝模型

目的利用3种不同饮食干预建立小鼠非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)模型,为NAFLD的机制研究提供参考依据。方法 60只健康雄性C57BL/6小鼠,随机分为正常对照组(N)、高脂饮食组(HFD)、叶酸缺乏组(FD)和高同型半胱氨酸组(HCY),每组15只,造模14周。观察各组小鼠一般情况,测定胰岛素、空腹血糖及肝甘油三酯指标,并进行肝脏病理学检查。结果与N组比较,干预饮食14周后HFD组体重明显增加(P <0.0001),HCY组体重明显减轻(P <0.05);肝脏病理结果显示:HFD组、FD组及HCY组出现脂肪变性;HFD组胰岛素抵抗指数显著增高(P <0.01),各模型组的肝组织甘油三酯水平明显增高(P <0.05)。结论通过3种不同饮食干预成功诱导的NAFLD小鼠模型,方法简单,重复性强,可模拟人类不同病因引起的脂肪肝,为NAFLD的机制及药物治疗方面的研究提供理想的动物模型。