检验指标在SARS辅助诊断和治疗监测中的应用

严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)在世界一些地区暴发流行一年半以来，在WHO的组织下对该病的病因及病原学诊断方面、治疗和预防方面均发布了许多文件。我国也制定了传染性非典型肺炎(严重急性呼吸综合征SARS)治疗方案。方案中规定了特异性病原学检测应用SARS-CoV RNA检测和SARS-CoV血清特异性抗体检测。一般性实验室检查应用     

细菌β内酰胺酶的命名

细菌日益增多的β内酰胺酶的名称常使人困惑，因其命名无规律可循。酶的氨基酸组成并非命名的完全依据。如截至2006年底的现有152个TEM酶和88个SHV酶，同类酶间的氨基酸只有1—7个差异；而现有的53个CTX—M酶和22个IMP酶，同类酶间的氨基酸有20％的不同；甚至OXA酶间可有80％的不同。β内酰胺酶的命名基本是英文字头或字的一部分，依据酶所作用的底物、生化特征、来源的菌株、特有的序列、在染色体上的位点、发现地或医院名或首例发现患者名或发现者名等。有些酶的名称并不恰当，如PSE酶的名称为假单胞菌特异性酶，但其后不久就在大肠埃希菌和其他肠杆菌中发现，但仍在沿用。     

灯盏细辛注射液对急性脑梗死患者血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18的影响

目的 观察灯盏细辛注射液对急性脑梗死(acute cerebral infaction,ACI)患者的临床疗效及对血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18表达的对影响.方法 69例ACI患者随机分为灯盏细辛治疗组(36例)和常规治疗组(33例),采用双抗体夹心ELISA法、流式细胞仪(FCM)检测两组ACI患者治疗前后血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18表达的水平.结果 ACI患者治疗前血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18的表达水平显著高于健康人组(p＜0.05),灯盏细辛治疗组临床有效率明显高于常规治疗组(P＜0.05),两组治疗后血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18的表达均明显下降,灯盏细辛治疗组降低较常规治疗组更明显(p＜0.05).结论 灯盏细辛注射液治疗ACI可能与其下调血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18的表达,减轻中枢神经系统的炎性损伤密切相关.     

血清中肌钙蛋白I自身抗体的测定及临床意义

采用人血清cTnI自身抗体检测的间接ELISA方法,检测120例急性冠脉综合症患者,其中急性心肌梗死患者60例,非心梗者60例,健康对照者60例。检测其cTnI自身抗体水平,并进行统计学分析。结果两组不同进程的急性冠脉综合症组与健康对照组比较,心肌梗死组cTnI抗体多数为阳性,非心梗组少数为阳性。cTnI自身抗体阳性率与心肌损伤严重程度有关,表明cTnI自身抗体的存在可能对急性冠脉综合征的诊断及预后具有一定价值。     

少菌型麻风首发皮损的部位与畸形的关系

绝大部分麻风病人都有皮肤损害和畸形。临床上一般都把皮损的出现做为发病时间。那么麻风的首发皮损与畸形之间有无关系及哪些畸形出现较早的问题还未见报道。多菌型麻风的皮损常常一开始就分布较广,难以统计,而少菌型麻风皮损少,患者一般能记清首发皮损的部位。为此我们对少菌型     

咪唑斯汀治疗急性荨麻疹疗效观察

急性荨麻疹患者起病急，瘙痒重，因此需要疗效好、起效快的药物治疗，本观察对2006年5～8月门诊41例急性荨麻疹患者采用咪唑斯汀治疗，并对其起效时间和疗效进行了观察，现将结果报道如下。     

Effect of electro-acupuncture combined with early rehabilitation on motor function and expressions of CD11b/CD18 and tumor necrosis factor-α in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Objective To observe the effect of electro-acupuncture combined with early rehabilitation on the motor function and expressions of the adhesion molecules CD11b and CD18 in the polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) and monocytes and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods A total of 165 ACI patients were randomly divided into control group (group A, n=50), conventional rehabilitation group (group B, n=50) and comprehensive rehabilitation group (group C, n=65). The expressions of CD11b and CD18 in the PMN and monocytes and serum TNF-α levels were determined before and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the treatment. Thirty-two healthy subjects were also recruited as the normal control group (group N). The neurological function of the subjects was evaluated by modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale (MESSS) and Fugi-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and their activity of daily living (ADL) was assessed using Barthel index (BI). Results The CD11b/CD18 expression in the PMN and MN and serum TNF-α level in groups A, B and C were significantly higher than those in group N before and 1 week after the treatment (P<0.05). CD11b/CD18 expression and serum TNF-α level were significantly lower in groups B and C than in the group A at 1 week after the treatment, and significantly lower in group C than in group B (P<0.05). At 2 weeks of treatment, CD11b/CD18 and TNF-α were significantly lower in groups B and C than in the group A, being the lowest in group C (P<0.05). The scores of mESSS in both groups B and C were lower than that in group A, and the scores were lower in group C than in group B. Group C showed higher FMA scores than group B, both having higher scores than group A. At 4 weeks of treatment, the mESSS scores were significantly lower, hut the FMA and ADL score significantly higher in groups B and C than in the control group (P<0.05), and the differences were more obvious in group C. Groups B and C had greater effective rate than group A (P<0.05), and the rate was the highest in group C (P<0.05). Conclusion Electro-acupuncture combined with early rehabilitation promotes the recovery of motor function in ACI patients probably by regulating the expressions of the adhesion molecules CD11b and CD18 on the PMN and monocytes and the serum levels of TNF-α.     

鉴别B族链球菌的选择性培养基

人们注意到B族链球菌可引起新生儿脑膜炎和败血症。Islam曾设计一种鉴别培养基,B族链球菌在该培基上经37℃厌氧培养,可形成鲜橙色菌落,并可与其他呈β溶血的链球菌区别。其后,该氏又在培基中加入庆大霉素和萘啶酸,以检查粪便带菌者。作者将Islam培基加一定浓度的抗菌素,制成一种兼有选择及鉴别作用的培基。其成份有:(?)蛋白胨23克、可溶性淀粉5克、Na_2HPO_45.75克、琼脂10克、蒸馏水1000毫升,流通蒸气五分钟溶解,调整pH至7.4。经121℃15分钟灭菌,待冷至50℃,加入无菌马血清50毫升及三种抗菌素,分装制成平板。在培基上,作者试验了新霉素、庆大霉素、萘     

尿内“骨髓瘤管型”检查的应用

50%以上的骨髓瘤(MM)患者出现肾衰竭且常因此死亡。典型的骨髓瘤肾,明确诊断需做肾活检。最近作者等由尿中检查出骨髓瘤管型,对骨髓瘤肾的出现与否有鉴别意义。共观察30例MM患者(分型IgG14,IgA5 K链7,λ链3,非分泌1)取清晨或午间自然排出的尿液,同时做常规及各项化学检查,并取10ml混匀尿液490g离心10分钟,留沉淀物0.5ml,加0.5ml生理盐水再混匀,对各种细胞成份计数;另取此标本250μl用细胞离心器处理,沉渣于Saccomenno液     

检测生殖道沙眼衣原体的方法学研究进展

沙眼衣原体（简称Ct）是一种严格细胞内寄生的微生物，临床上可以引起非淋菌性尿道炎，宫颈炎，附睾炎。沙眼衣原体还可以通过母婴传染，引起新生儿结膜炎，肺炎，并可导致胎膜早破，早产，新生儿死亡等。据报道，全球每年有5千万例生殖道沙眼衣原体感染，我国的感染也呈上升趋势，在女性Ct初期感染无症状或症状较轻微，容易被忽视导致严重的合并症，Ct的临床诊断主要依赖实验室的检测，由于各地实验室条件各异，操作者水平不同，现有的检测方法多样，但是，主要有3大类：细胞培养法，免疫学方法，分子生物学方法，每种方法都有各自优势和局限性，现综述如下：