武功演员肩部损伤的治疗

武功演员（包括戏曲武功演员、杂技顶功演员,舞蹈顶尖演员等）最常见的损伤是肩部损伤,而肩部损伤最常见的是肩峰、肩袖、肩肌群的慢性损伤。１　病因机理武功演员双手倒立、拿顶、前翻、后滚、纵跳、穿毛、投抱、弄剑、阻击、对打、无不以肩部动作为主导,肩部的肌肉群在多次的反复动作,特别是肱二头肌肌腱结节及冈上肌、冈下肌起止点受到机械刺激,加上慢性劳损兼受风寒湿的侵袭,使局部气血瘀滞,肌腱群与肌腱腔增粗、变性,亦使纤维管腔变窄变细,从而使肌腱在管内的滑动受到影响,而产生肩部的╥、胀、痛、麻的临床症状,甚者发生肩…     

磷酸喹哌连续治疗各期矽肺90例九年疗效观察

1973年上海医药工业研究院在动物筛选中发现磷酸喹哌及其一系列衍生物,均对大鼠实验性矽肺具有抑制纤维化作用。以后,许多单位的实验研究也相继证实了它对实验性矽肺具有治疗效果。     

Sex Chromosomal Analysis of Fifty Cases with Azoospermia

ＳｅｘＣｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍａｌＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆＦｉｆｔｙＣａｓｅｓｗｉｔｈＡｚｏｏｓｐｅｒｍｉａ￥ＸｕＣｈａｎｇｆｅｎ，ｅｔａｌ．ＡＣＴＡＡＣＡＤＥＭＩＡＥＭＥＤＩＣＩＮＡＥＮＡＮＪＩＮＧ，１９９４，１４（１）：２２－２５Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｍａｌｅ...     

The case-fatality rate of meningococcal disease in Catalonia, 1990-1997

The objective was to analyse the case-fatality rate (CFR) of meningococcal disease (MD) in Catalonia, Spain. A retrospective study was carried out. Clinical histories of cases of MD reported for the period 1990-1997 in Catalonia were reviewed. For all cases, the variables gender, age, clinical type, y of presentation, province, phenotype and death by meningococcal disease were collected. The association between death and the other variables was studied by bivariate and unconditional logistic regression analysis. In the 2343 cases studied there were 146 deaths (6.2%) due to meningococcal disease. The CFR was higher in females (OR: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.1-2.1), in the 20 to 49 y (OR: 2.4, 95%CI: 1.2-4.9) and > or = 50 y (OR: 5.3, 95%CI: 2.8-10.1) age groups, in cases with septicaemia (OR: 2.4, 95%CI: 1.6-3.5), in the cases produced by serogroup A (OR: 4.7, 95%CI: 1.0-23.4) and in cases occurring during 1993 (OR: 2.1, 95%CI: 1.1-4.1) or in the province of Lleida (OR: 2.9, 95%CI: 1.2-7.2). In the multivariate analysis, death was associated with the 20-49 y age group (OR: 3.9, 95%CI: 1.8-8.4), the > or = 50 y age group (OR: 7.3, 95%CI: 3.6-14.7), septicaemia (OR: 3.1; 95%CI: 2.0-4.7) and residing in the province of Lleida (OR: 3.2; 95%CI: 1.2-8.5). The CFR of meningococcal disease in Catalonia was not associated with the emergent phenotype C:2b:P1.2,5 strain, which caused an outbreak in other regions of Spain.     

040 体育锻炼与心理健康状况

[英]/Hassmen P…//Prev Med .-2000,30(1).-17～25 　　背景经常锻炼被认为是对身体有益的健康行为,同时它还可以带来心理健康.本文的研究目的是为了揭示在一个较大的人群基础样本中,体育锻炼频率与心理健康状况测量值之间的联系. 　　方法在芬兰心血管疾病危险因子调查中,有3 403名年龄在25～64岁参与者完成了问卷调查,其中男性1 547人;女性1 856人.他们除回答有关健康习惯、自我感觉健康及适合状况外,还完成了贝克压抑调查(Beck Depression Inventory)、易怒度、疑人度及协调感调查. 　　结果本横断面调查结果提示,每周至少锻炼2～3次的个体比那些较少锻炼甚至不锻炼的个体,其压抑、易怒、疑人及紧张程度明显要低.而且,经常锻炼发觉其健康及适宜状态比较少锻炼者要好.每周至少锻炼2次人群比较少锻炼人群协调感要高,社会和谐感要强. 　　结论在运用心理调查变量测量后,心理健康状况的提高与经常锻炼相关. （艾宗波摘 周雪平校）     

在多发性硬化症患者的脑脊液中检出抗HSP70家族蛋白的自身抗体

本研究旨在对多发性硬化症患者脑脊液(CSF)中抗热休克蛋白(H SPs)的特异性IgG抗体进行评估。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对30例M S患者和25例运动神经元疾病(M N D)患者CSF中抗10种H SP(包括H SP27、αA和αB晶体蛋白、H SP60、CCT、牛分枝杆菌H SP65、大肠杆菌G roEL、H SP70     

Hydroxyethyl Starch (130 kD), but Not Crystalloid Volume Support, Improves Microcirculation during Normotensive Endotoxemia

Background: Increased leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction (LE) and deterioration of capillary perfusion represent key mechanisms of septic organ dysfunction. The type of volume support, however, which may be used during septic disorders, remains controversial. Using intravital microscopy, the authors studied the effect of different regimens of clinically relevant volume support on endotoxin-induced microcirculatory disorders, including the synthetic colloid hydroxyethyl starch (HES, 130 kD) and a crystalloid regimen with isotonic saline solution (NaCl).

Methods: In Syrian Golden hamsters, normotensive endotoxemia was induced by intravenous application of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 mg/kg). The microcirculation was analyzed in striated muscle of skinfold preparations. HES 130 kD (Voluven(R), 16 ml/kg, n = 7) or isotonic saline (NaCl, 66 ml/kg, n = 6) were infused 3 h after LPS exposure over a 1-h period (posttreatment mode). Animals receiving LPS without volume therapy served as control subjects (n = 8, control). LE, functional capillary density (FCD), and macromolecular leakage were repeatedly analyzed in the awake animals during a 24-h period using intravital fluorescence microscopy.

Results: HES 130 kD significantly reduced LPS-induced arteriolar and venular leukocyte adherence (P < 0.05), whereas NaCl resuscitation had no effect when compared with nontreated control animals. The LPS-induced decrease in FCD and increase in macromolecular leakage were also significantly attenuated by HES 130 kD but not by NaCl. Improvement of LPS-induced microcirculatory disorders by HES was unlikely the result of macro- and microhemodynamic changes because arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and venular wall shear rate did not differ between HES- and NaCl-treated animals.     

Differential Effects of Anesthetics on Mitochondrial KATP Channel Activity and Cardiomyocyte Protection

Background: Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) channels play a pivotal role in mediating cardiac preconditioning. The effects of intravenous anesthetics on this protective channel have not been investigated so far, but would be of importance with respect to experimental as well as clinical medicine.

Methods: Live cell microscopy was used to visualize and measure autofluorescence of flavoproteins, a direct reporter of mitoKATP channel activity, in response to the direct and highly selective mitoKATP channel opener diazoxide, or to diazoxide following exposure to various anesthetics commonly used in experimental and clinical medicine. A cellular model of ischemia with subsequent hypoosmolar trypan blue staining served to substantiate the effects of the anesthetics on mitoKATP channels with respect to myocyte viability.

Results: Diazoxide-induced mitoKATP channel opening was significantly inhibited by the anesthetics R-ketamine, and the barbiturates thiopental and pentobarbital. Conversely, urethane, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol (main metabolite of [alpha]-chloralose and chloral hydrate), and the opioid fentanyl potentiated the channel-opening effect of diazoxide, which was abrogated by coadministration of chelerythrine, a specific protein kinase C inhibitor. S-ketamine, propofol, xylazine, midazolam, and etomidate did not affect mitoKATP channel activity. The significance of these modulatory effects of the anesthetics on mitoKATP channel activity was substantiated in a cellular model of simulated ischemia, where diazoxide-induced cell protection was mitigated by R-ketamine and the barbiturates, while urethane, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, and fentanyl potentiated myocyte protection.