以中药研究为切入点 开创国际科技合作新局面——香港科技大学霍英东研究院国际科技合作基地概况

座落于香港清水湾畔的香港科技大学（以下简称“科大”）成立于1991年,是一所致力于科学技术、工程、工商管理等领域的研究型大学。自成立以来,香港科大集聚了来自世界各地各领域的精英人才,组建了实力雄厚的师资队伍,迅速成长为亚洲乃至世界名校。在2008年英国《泰晤士报高等教育特-T4》公布的“2008年全球200所最佳大学排名”中,香港科大由2007年的53位跃居到39位,成为香港排名第二的世界级大学,其全日制工商管理硕士（MBA）课程已连续3年在经济学人信息部（Economist Intelligence Unit,简称EIU）排名榜中位列亚太之冠,全球排名跃升至第11位。     

重庆市中药研究院

重庆市中药研究院创建于1930年,前身系国民政府经济工业部工业试验研究所。现为重庆市科委直属科研机构,下设有中药生药、中药种植、冬虫夏草、中药化学、中药制剂、中药药理毒理、实验动物研究所以及信息中心,附属有临床药理门诊部、附属制药厂、天然保健制品厂、医药公司,形成了中药科技与产业化的完整体系。     

1例由“革兰阳性杆菌”所致起搏器复发感染的患者

起搏系统的偶然分支杆菌感染在临床上很罕见。本文报道1例起搏系统复发偶然分支杆菌感染合并心内膜炎的患者,该病例最初被误诊为革兰阳性杆菌感染。     

Automated perimetry: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this document is to summarize and evaluate the effectiveness of new automated perimetry tests and algorithms in diagnosing glaucoma and detecting disease progression. METHODS: A literature search on automated perimetry retrieved over 300 citations from 1994 to 2001, of which 71 were selected as relevant to this assessment. The quality of the evidence obtained from these studies was assessed by the methodologist. RESULTS: The four automated perimetry techniques described in this assessment are short wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP), frequency doubling technology perimetry (FDT), high-pass resolution perimetry (HPRP), and motion automated perimetry (MAP). The algorithms described are Swedish interactive threshold algorithm (SITA) and SITA fast. With the exception of SWAP, these techniques and algorithms reduce testing time and inconsistent patient performance when compared with conventional full threshold testing. CONCLUSIONS: Short wavelength automated perimetry detected visual field loss earlier than standard threshold automated perimetry, with a sensitivity and specificity of about 88% and 92% respectively. However, it is a lengthy, demanding test, is sensitive to media opacities, and has a greater magnitude of long-term fluctuation compared with standard threshold automated perimetry, which make it difficult to assess disease progression accurately. When compared to standard threshold automated perimetry, FDT perimetry showed sensitivity and specificity greater than 97% for detecting moderate and advanced glaucoma, and sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 90% for early glaucoma. As FDT perimetry has a short testing time and is resistant to blur and pupil size, it may be a useful screening tool. In a longitudinal study, high-pass resolution perimetry was more effective than standard threshold automated perimetry in monitoring progressive glaucomatous loss, detecting progression at a median of 12 months earlier in 54% of patients studied. Motion automated perimetry demonstrated usefulness in detecting early glaucomatous visual loss in a longitudinal study. Studies on SITA demonstrated greater sensitivity and reproducibility and less intertest variability when compared to standard full threshold testing and a 50% reduction in testing times. A study comparing standard full threshold, SITA, and SITA fast found a sensitivity of 95% for the first two techniques and 93% for SITA fast. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to assess the ability of these techniques to detect progression of glaucoma over time.     

Vaginal bacterial flora activates rat peritoneal mast cells

Sixteen strains of physiological and pathological vaginal bacteria were tested for their ability to secrete histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro. We noticed that Mycoplasma hominis-induced histamine release was very high (up to 53.6%). The stimulation of rat mast cells with Staphylococccus cohnii, Staphylococcus coagulase(-) (two strains), Ureaplasma urealyticum, Peptostreptococcus spp., Bacteroides capillosus, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae resulted in lower but significant histamine secretion (11.2%-17.5%). Other bacteria strains (Staphylococcus epidermidids, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Actinomyces naeslundii (two strains) and Lactobacillus fermentum (two strains) caused very low (4.2% - 8.8%) histamine release.     

Gabapentin versus lamotrigine monotherapy: a double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy

PURPOSE: This randomised, double-blind study compared the newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) gabapentin (GBP) and lamotrigine (LTG) as monotherapy in newly diagnosed epilepsy. METHODS: Patients with partial seizures with and/or without secondary generalization or primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures were randomized to either GBP or LTG. During 2- and 6-week titration periods, respectively, GBP dosage reached 1,800 mg/day, and LTG, 150 mg/day. In the subsequent 24-week maintenance phase, the dose could be adjusted based on seizure control or adverse events between 1,200 and 3,600 mg/day for GBP and 100 and 300 mg/day for LTG. The primary end point was time to exit, a composite of efficacy and tolerability. Evaluable patients were used for the primary efficacy analysis, whereas tolerability was examined on an intent-to-treat basis. RESULTS: A total of 309 patients was randomized, and 291 (148 GBP, 143 LTG) were included in the evaluable population. Nineteen patients in each group had an exit event. The median time to exit was 69 days for GBP and 48 days for LTG. The hazard ratio was estimated as 1.043 (90% confidence intervals, 0.602-1.809). Overall, 106 (71.6% of the evaluable population) GBP-treated and 96 (67.1%) LTG-treated patients completed the study. Of those, 80 (75.5%) patients taking GBP and 73 (76.0%) taking LTG remained seizure free during the final 12 weeks of treatment. Only 14 (8.9%) GBP-treated patients and 15 (9.9%) LTG-treated patients withdrew because of study drug-related adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: GBP and LTG monotherapy were similarly effective and well tolerated in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy.     

Comaprative analysis of inflammatory molecular expressions in proteomic study on a new model of atherosclerotic rat

OBJECTIVE： A new atherosclerotic rat model was established in our laboratory induced by high cholesterol diets and injection of vitamin D3, which provide a suitable experimental model for advanced study on the pathological and pharmacological mechanisms of atherosclerosis. In this paper we used the techniques of proteomics to compare the protein expression profiles between control and atherosclerotic rat aorta.     

唐氏综合征妊娠中、晚期胎儿一种新的心脏影像学征象——右锁骨下动脉异位

正常情况下,右锁骨下动脉是主动脉弓头臂动脉发出的第一个分支,而右锁骨下动脉异位时,则直接从主动脉峡部发出,自气管后方向右走行。正常人群中,这种变异的出现率<1%,但据报道,在唐氏综合征中的发病率高达19%～36%。本文旨在评估发现唐氏综合征胎儿右锁骨下动脉异位的可能性。14例接受定期产前检查发现的唐氏综合征胎儿,在孕18～33周时接受了彩色多普勒超声检查,见到胸腔上方横向有3条血管的气管影像,为右锁骨下动脉异常。14例唐氏综合征胎儿均出现右锁骨下动脉的影像(100%),5例21三体综合征的胎儿证实为右锁骨下动脉异位(35.7%),其中1例胎…     

NSDHL基因外显子6～8缺失引发CHILD综合征

X连锁显性遗传性CH ILD综合征(伴鱼鳞样痣和肢体缺损的先天性半身发育异常)是一种罕见的发育缺陷,其特征为限于单侧的炎症性痣。大多数病例右侧肢体受累,发育异常还可累及同侧大脑、骨骼及心肺肾等脏器。本文描述了1例发生于左侧肢体的CH ILD综合征,患者左手和左足的掌骨、跖骨和指(趾)骨出现缺损,导致少指/趾畸形(仅有3个手指和1个脚趾)。同侧肢体可见炎性表皮痣,伴角化过度、角化不全、棘层肥厚和血管周淋巴细胞和组织细胞浸润。有证据表明该表型与X连锁N SDH L基因外显子6～8缺失有关,从而证实了CH ILD综合征是由于胆固醇生物合…     

持续黏膜溃疡——中毒性表皮坏死松解症的罕见并发症(法国)

引言:中毒性表皮坏死松解症可出现后遗症。持续黏膜溃疡不是该病的常见并发症。作者报道2例中毒性表皮坏死松解症患者急性期过后数月内持续黏膜溃疡(口腔和生殖器)。病例报道:病例1,一位9岁小女孩因慢性、疼痛性外阴溃疡就诊,其在9个月前患中毒性表皮坏死松解症时已出现上述症状。损害表现为一境界清楚的局限性前庭溃疡。家属拒绝行黏膜活检。急性期过后,生殖器侵蚀持续超过1年。病例2,一位73岁男性患者因持续、境界清楚的局限性舌部溃疡(直径9m m)就诊。该慢性溃疡在3个月前患中毒性表皮坏死松解症急性期即已出现。对皮肤活检标本行组织学…