二尖瓣狭窄闭式扩张术86例分析

<正> 风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄症在国外及国内有的医院采用直视下扩张及切开术,必要时可瓣膜置换,但风湿性二尖瓣狭窄的大部分病例适宜采用闭式二尖瓣扩张术,此术式方法简便、安全、效果肯定,且适合我国现状。我院自1978年10月～1992年4月共施行闭式二尖瓣扩张术86例,无手术死亡。报导如下: 1 临床资料本组86例中,男性37例,女性49例,年龄16～48岁,其中21～40岁61例,占     

小鼠卵细胞质内显微注入单精子受精的实验研究

为了探讨提高小鼠卵细胞质内单精子注入受精率的方法，选取鼠龄１２－１４周的健康昆明白小鼠作为精子和卵子的供体，受用ＩＣＳＩ技术，以受精后二细胞卵裂的形成率为指标，了解不同采卵时间，不同微注射针参数及不同培养液对细胞质单精子注入的影响。结果表明，ｈＣＧ注射后１８－１９ｈ采卵，用针尖内径为４－５μｍ，斜面角度为３５－４０度的微注射针进行ＩＣＳＩ操作受精后卵子置ＣＺＢ中培养可获得较多的２细胞胚，卵裂率明显     

吸入70号汽油对小鼠大脑影响的形态学观察

对吸入不同浓度７０号汽油小鼠大脑形态学变化的观察结果发现，实验组小鼠脑的髓鞘脱失为其特征性改变，这种病变的数量和大小随吸入汽油浓度的增加愈加明显，病变是一种非炎症性反应，其机理似与汽油的脂溶性有关，脑的髓鞘脱失可能是导致其功能异常，特别是神经传导功能障碍的形态学基础。     

外科病人营养状况的评价

<正> 众所周知,营养不良可以使得机体免疫功能受到抑制,一切口的愈合延缓,胃肠道吻合口强度减弱,抗感染能力下降,手术后并发症及死亡率增加。国外统计资料表明,外科病人中蛋白—热卡营养不足的发生率高达40～60%。从我国国情出发,研究外科病人的营养状况不     

细胞间粘附分子在翼状胬肉中的表达及意义

目的　研究翼状胬肉组织中细胞间粘附分子1(ICAM-1)的表达水平,探讨ICAM-1在翼状胬肉病理过程中的作用。方法　采用酶联免疫吸附试验法(ELISA)检测28例翼状胬肉患者组织匀浆中的ICAM-1含量,并与正常人结膜组织进行对照。结果　翼状胬肉组织匀浆中ICAM-1含量明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01),进行期组的ICAM-1含量明显高于静止期组(P<0.05)。结论　在翼状胬肉组织中存在ICAM-1异常表达,可能是翼状胬肉发病的重要原因之一。     

阴式全子宫切除术130例临床评价

子宫切除术是妇科常见的手术之一,近几年来,随着微创手术引入妇科领域,阴式全子宫切除术再次受到重视[1]。因它不必做腹部切口,手术时间短,术中出血少,术后患者起床活动早,住院时间短,副反应少。本院从1999年8月至2000年12月进行了130例阴式全子宫切除术,均取得了良好的效果。现报告如下。     

小腿后部各区穿支间的关系与皮瓣设计

Objective To study the anastomotic relationships of perforators in each zone of the poste-rior leg and design perforating flaps for clinic. Methods Six fresh cadavers underwent a whole body, intra-arterial injection of a lead oxide and gelatine preparation. The posterior part of leg is divided into upper, mid-die and below equal parts, Observe topography of the perforating branches in every district by layer, and mea-sured their location, diameter, course, branches and anastomosis pattern. Radiographs of tissue specimens were digitally analyzed. Results There were 13 perforators that diameter≥ 0.5 mm, the average external diameter was 0.8 mm. The areas of each perforator supplied was average 38 cm2. Perforators from popliteal artery was identified an area 4 cm wide, around the intersection of two lines, a line drawn between the medial and lateral epicondyles of the femurs, and the midline of posterior leg. The areas of the every perforator sup-plied was 55 cm2. These vessels were large in diameter and create multiple true anastomoses with the perfora-tors from the posterior tibial artery or fibular artery. Perforating branches were small in the below part, a long perforator chain comprised of two to three perforators accompanies the Achilles tendon. Conclusion The perforator flaps deviced by perforators from the posterior leg may be transplanted to the lower limbs and the other part of the body. The perforators located in the middle zone of the leg are larger. Free posterior tibial or peroneal perforator-based flaps are reliable, relatively large, and have thin flaps. The upper and lower zones were the larger donor site for the proximal or distally pedicled perforator flap harvest.     

听骨链多层螺旋CT曲面重建及临床应用

目的研究听骨链的CT曲面重建(CPR)方法,评估其临床应用价值。方法165耳(122例)行颞骨轴位高分辨率CT检查,对听骨链行CPR。50例(80耳)为正常听骨链,72例(85耳)为病变组。主要扫描参数:准直0.5mm,螺距0.875,重建间隔0.2~0.3mm,重建矩阵1024×1024。结果(1)正常听骨链组:1幅图像上清晰显示3个听骨及其关节。(2)临床应用:39例颞骨外伤中,听骨链异常的18例;锤砧关节半脱位及脱位各5例,砧镫关节半脱位及脱位分别为5例及6例,锤骨柄骨折1例。16例外耳发育不良中,骨性外耳道闭锁13例,膜性3例。骨性外耳道闭锁最常见的伴随听骨畸形是锤骨柄发育不全(10例),中耳腔变窄、听骨缺如3例,锤砧融合伴砧骨长突缺如1例。不伴随先天性外耳发育不良的听骨畸形2例,1例为双耳砧骨长突缺如,另1例为砧骨长突发育不全伴砧镫关节不连。慢性中耳乳突炎15例,6例合并胆脂瘤者听骨均有不同程度的破坏,鼓室硬化症1例。结论听骨链的多层螺旋CT曲面重建是诊断传导性耳聋的有效方法。