曲美他嗪治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床观察

目的观察曲美他嗪与传统药物相结合治疗不稳定型心绞痛的疗效.方法将64例不稳型心绞痛的患者随机分成两组,治疗组32例,除用硝酸酯类、抗血小板药物、β受体阻滞剂等传统药物治疗外,加用曲美他嗪;对照组32例用传统药物治疗.连续观察4 w,观察两组患者心绞痛发作次数、心肌缺血时间、心率、血压、动态心电图的变化及副作用.结果治疗组心绞痛发作次数减少、ST段最大下降幅度、总缺血时间的缩短更为明显(P＜0.05),曲美他嗪对心率、血压无影响(P＞0.05).结论在传统治疗基础上加用曲美他嗪对改善心绞痛症状、减少缺血发作次数、ST段下降最大幅度和总缺血时间有良好的效果,对血流动力学无影响,是安全、有效的治疗方案.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

起源于肺静脉的阵发性心房颤动导管射频消融治疗

目的　探讨环状电极 (Lasso电极 )标测指导起源于肺静脉的阵发性心房颤动 (房颤 )导管射频消融治疗的安全性和有效性。方法与结果　 2 0 0 1年 5～ 12月 ,12例药物治疗无效的阵发性房颤患者 ,男 8例 ,女 4例 ,平均年龄 (47 8± 14 9)岁 ,行心内电生理检查和射频消融术。在Lasso电极指导下标测肺静脉 ,以确定诱发房颤的房性早搏起源处。确定房性早搏的消融靶点后 ,在有房性早搏或冠状窦远端起搏或右心耳起搏下寻找优势肺静脉电位 (PVP)放电消融 ,或肺静脉口环状消融。消融终点设定为 :①肺静脉电位振幅明显减低或消失 ;②肺静脉自律性电位与心房电活动无关 ;③诱发房颤的房早消失。结果成功隔离 2 6条肺静脉 ;其中左上肺静脉 12条 ,右上肺静脉 8条 ,左下肺静脉 5条 ,右下肺静脉1条。有 2例仅消融 1条肺静脉 ,均为左上肺静脉 ;8例消融2条肺静脉 ,消融 3条与 4条肺静脉者各 1例。术程 (196 4±6 5 8)min ,X线曝光时间 (5 2 0± 14 4 )min。术后随访 2～ 8个月 ,有 1例频发房早发生 ,经口服胺碘酮后房早消失 ;4例有房颤短阵发作 ,其中 3例接受口服药物 (2例服用胺碘酮 ,1例服用索他洛尔 ) ,1例植入有抗房颤程序的DDDR起搏器 ,能够有效抑制房颤发作。术中选择性肺静脉造影发现 6例有轻度肺静脉狭窄 ,其     

预激综合征射频消融术后心电图电张调整性T波及J-ST段特征分析

目的探讨预激综合征射频消融房室旁道后心电图出现电张调整性T波及J-ST段的特征及其发生机制。方法45例持续性预激综合征患者,对比射频消融术前后心电图,总结和分析术后电张调整性T波、J波以及ST段变化的发生规律和特征。结果45例中射频消融术后出现电张调整性T波改变有27例,间隔部和左前壁旁道消融后电张调整性T波出现率最高(达100%),电张调整性T波主要分布于下壁导联(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF)和高侧壁导联(Ⅰ、aVL);下壁导联电张调整性T波倒置深度Ⅲ>aVF>Ⅱ(P<0.01),高侧壁导联aVL>Ⅰ。此外尚可出现J-ST改变,表现为J点抬高、J波和ST段水平或弓背向下型抬高,总发生率高于同期隐匿性旁道消融组(42.2%vs3.5%,P<0.01)。结论预激综合征射频消融术后电张调整性T波的出现取决于预激时QRS波形态;射频消融术后心电图可出现类似早期复极综合征的J-ST段改变。     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

CARTO标测指导射频消融治疗非峡部依赖性心房扑动的初步研究

初步探讨非峡部依赖性心房扑动 (简称房扑 )———非典型房扑CARTO标测的方法学和射频消融效果。 4例经电生理标测证实的非典型房扑患者 ,男、女各 2例 ,年龄 2 4～ 5 7岁。 1例为先天性心脏病 (简称先心病 )三房心外科术后 ,1例为慢 快综合征。房扑发作时在右房或左房CARTO标测 ,三维重建右房或左房 ,寻找房扑折返径路的关键峡部区域行线性消融。结果 :3例为右房非峡部依赖性房扑 ,1例消融径线为 2条 ,即三尖瓣环至下腔静脉(IVC)口和右房后外侧至IVC ,1例消融径线为右房前中外侧 ,1例为右房下外侧。 1例左房房扑 ,消融径线位于右上肺静脉口下方至卵园窝。 4例均即时消融成功。随访 8～ 2 4个月 ,有 1例先心病术后房扑复发 ,再次行CARTO标测发现房扑折返环位于左房 ,划线消融未成功。结论 :CARTO标测非峡部依赖性房扑有一定的优势 ,能显示房扑折返环和关键峡部 ,并能指导线性消融     

起源于肺静脉的阵发性房颤的电生理特点及射频消融治疗

目的探讨环状电极(Lasso电极)标测诱发阵发性房颤的肺静脉电位的电生理特点并对射频消融靶点进行评介。方法16例阵发性房颤者在Lasso电极标测寻找优势肺静脉电位(PVP),温控消融放电。结果起源于肺静脉的局灶性房颤其电生理特征包括:①异位激动灶主要分布于两上肺静脉。②肺静脉内可观察到从肺静脉内至心房传导阻滞。消融成功的靶点与体表心电图P′波提前(74±33)ms。成功隔离38条肺静脉:其中左上肺静脉16条,右上肺静脉12条。术程(186.7±63.8)min,X线曝光时间(51.5±15.0)min。术后随访1～12个月,11例(68.7%)无需药物而维持窦性心律。结论阵发性房颤异位起源点大多数位于左房肺静脉,起源于肺静脉的局灶性房颤有其特殊的电生理表现。     

Lasso电极导管指导下标测与射频消融局灶性房性心动过速

目的 探讨10极Lasso电极导管对局灶性房性心动过速(房速)标测及射频消融的指导作用.方法 局灶性房速病人5例,接受电生理检查,初步判断房速起源于左心房或右心房;应用Lasso电极标测心房,指导消融导管寻找局灶性房速最早心房激动(A波)点,于最早心房激动点处消融.结果 局灶性房速病人5例均在房速持续发作时进行Lasso电极标测;消融导管在Lasso电极指导下分别于左心房耳部(2例)、左上肺静脉口部(1例)、上腔静脉(1例)、右心房侧壁(1例)标测到最早A波;较P波提早30～40 ms;Lasso电极记录的A波顺序均呈离心性;在上述最早激动点处消融,均成功终止房速,放电次数为1～3次;未出现并发症;随访2～20个月,无复发;手术时间40～60 min,X线照射时间8～12 min.结论 应用Lasso电极指导标测与射频消融局灶性房速,快速、准确,可提高消融成功率,减少X线照射时间,缩短手术时间,特别对病灶位于心内大静脉、心房耳部病例尤有帮助.     

儿童特发性室性心动过速经改进的导管标测消融方法治疗体会

总结应用改进的标测方法和新技术治疗儿童特发性室性心动过速的经验。左室特发性室性心动过速(ILVT)共7例 ,其中ILVT时体表12导联心电图表现为完全右束支阻滞伴左前分支阻滞6例和伴左后分支阻滞1例 ;右室特发性室性心动过速(IRVT)3例 ,其中右室流出道2例和右室流入道1例。年龄8.4±3.2岁 ,体重28.5±13.4kg。①在窦性心律下浦肯野电位法标测ILVT消融靶点 ;②应用二根分别放置在右室流出道和右室流入道电极 ,采用“蛙跳”方法标测较早的心室激动点 ,然后用射频导管在该点附近标测IRVT时最早心室激动点 ;③应用Carto系统标测ILVT。结果显示 ,10例均成功消融 ,放电和透视时间分别为7.0±3.8次和20±8.4分钟 ;应用Carto系统标测2例ILVT ,1例ILVT在靶点附近标测过程中易出现室性早搏 ,难与ILVT鉴别而形成错误的电解剖图 ,导致消融失败。提示改进的标测方法可减少放电次数 ,缩短X线透视时间 ;Carto系统在ILVT(VT时体表12导联心电图表现为完全右束支阻滞伴左前分支阻滞或左后分支阻滞)标测过程中易受室性早搏干扰 ,形成错误的电解剖图而消融失败 ,且费用昂贵和手术时间长