集束化护理在重症监护室护理中的应用效果分析

目的:探讨重症监护室(ICU)患者实施集束化护理干预的效果。方法:选取2016年1月~2016年12月(实施集束化护理干预前)我院收治的ICU患者90例予常规护理,选取2017年1月~2017年12月(实施集束化护理干预后)患者90例应用集束化护理干预,比较实施集束化护理干预前后护理人员对肺部感染风险管理知识和技能掌握情况、患者并发症发生情况及患者对护理综合质量的评价。结果:实施后护士对风险管理知识与技能掌握情况评分优于护理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实施后,患者并发症率为1.11%(1/90),显著低于实施前的7.78%(7/90),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.709,P=0.029);实施后,患者对护理综合质量评价分显著高于实施前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:重症监护室护理中实施集束化护理干预可提高医院护理管理质量,有效预防呼吸机相关性肺炎,促进患者康复,提高患者对综合护理质量评价。     

心脏瓣膜置换金属瓣术后抗凝治疗的护理

心脏瓣膜置换金属瓣术后抗凝治疗的护理李红英，刘秀丽，李爱香心脏瓣膜置换金属瓣术后，因人造瓣膜作为异物置人心脏，易形成血栓引起栓塞，掌握适当的抗凝治疗是巩固术后疗效与病人安全的保证。现介绍我们对２５例金属瓣置换术后抗凝治疗的护理体会。１临床资料我院自１...     

产前应用地塞米松对早产仔鼠脑发育的影响

Objective To explore the effects of different courses of antenatal dexamethasone on brain development of premature SD rats. Methods The pregnant rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: 3-dose dexamethasone (group 1), 1-dose dexamethasone group (group 2) and control group. The treated were sacrificed on 19 days of gestation, body and whole brain weight of the offspring rats were measured. Meanwhile the expression o{ neuron specific enolase (NSE) in brains of offspring rats was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The histological structures of baby rat brain were observed under transmission electron microscope. The differences among the three groups were analyzed by ANOVA. Results (1) The body and whole brain weight, the brain and body weight ratio were (1.543±0.052) g, (88.80±7.12) mg, and (5.75±0.38)% in group 1 and (1.584±0.035) g,(98.21±3.71) mg, and (6.20±0.26)% in group 2, both were lower than the control group [(1.696±0.076) g, (111.53±6.29) mg, (6.59±0.48)%], (P<0.01 or P<0.05, respectively). (2) The expression of NSE in cortex in group 1 and 2 were lower than that in control group (0.223±0.054, 0.381±0.041 vs 0.590±0.064) (P<0.01). The expression of NSE in hippocampi in group 1 and 2 were also lower than that in the control group (0.192±0.054, 0.359 ±0.046 vs 0.529±0.068) (P<0.01). (3) Disconnection of nuclei membrane, vacuolization in mitochondria, loss of nueleolus, and disconnection of neurofilaments were observed in the ultrastructure of baby rat brain tissue in both group 1 and 2. Conclusions Antenantal administration of dexamethasone can cause impairment of brain development in premature offspring rats and this might be related to the times of dexamethasone administered.     

心理护理对耐多药肺结核患者心理状态的影响

目的探讨心理护理对耐多药结核患者心理状态的影响。方法对48例耐多药结核患者实施心理护理。了解心理护理前及心理护理1个月、6个月、1年后患者的心理状况及心理护理前后治依从性情况。结果心理护理1个月、6个月、1年后患者SCL-90得分及心理护理后治依从性较干预前有明显改善(P<0.05)。结论有效的心理护理能改善耐多药结核患者的心理状况、遵医行为,从而提高治愈率。     

慢性咽炎从胃论治的临床体会

慢性咽炎属于中医学“梅核气”“虚火喉痹”等范畴。传统观念多从疏肝理气入手，笔者在临床中观察到多与胃系疾病有关，从胃入手，调理脾胃虚实多能取得较好的临床疗效：     

肝肾移植术后并发肺结核病人的护理体会

目的探讨肝肾移植术后并发肺结核病的临床护理特点和护理体会。方法回顾总结我院近期收治的6例肝肾移植术后并发肺结核病的治疗和护理措施，主要包括病情观察、临床用药观察、消毒隔离、心理护理、饮食管理、出院指导等。结果病人的并发症和药物毒副作用得到及时处理和有效控制，治疗有效率80％。结论肝肾移植术后并发肺结核病患者，病情复杂，病人心理压力大，有针对性地开展心理护理，鼓励病人配合治疗，密切观察病情和药物副作用，落实消毒隔离措施，预防院内感染发生，是临床护理的关键。     

原发性痛经患者的EPQ和SCL-90调查

目的:了解近年来原发痛经患者的人格特征和心理素质的变化,为帮助原发性痛经患者改善心理问题和人格特征提供理论依据。方法:采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对门诊就诊的原发性痛经患者(痛经组)进行问卷调查,并将结果与国内常模进行比较。结果:SCL-90中强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖及精神病性因子得分均高于国内成人常模,阳性项目数和总均分均高于国内成人常模,差异均有统计学意义。EPQ量表中E分值低于中国常模,N、L分值高于中国常模具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:原发性痛经患者的人格特征得分多项高于国内常模,E分值低于中国常模,与以往研究结果不同。