从对85名教师的业务考查看选择师资来源对建设教师队伍的意义

一、问题的提出建设一支优秀的教师队伍,对学校来说无疑是至关重要的。过去,人们在研讨师资队伍建设的问题上,触目的焦点往往集中在:无论什么人,一旦成为教师后应花多大力量去加以培养,而很少涉及到应选择什么样的人,培养成为教师才会更合理又省力。究竟不同来源的教师之间有无差别,选择哪条渠道的人作为教师对建设理想的师资队伍是最优方案呢?为此,笔者对来自不同专业和职业的85名教师的教学情况作了考查,报告如下。     

安定、r—羟基丁酸钠和硫喷妥钠对颅内压的影响

颅内手术多用全凭静脉复合或静吸复合全麻。安定、γ-羟基丁酸钠(γ-OH)和硫喷妥钠是常用的静脉麻醉药。本文总结上述三种静脉全麻药对颅内占位性病变患者颅内压影响的临床资料。     

初谈针灸处方的原则与取穴规律

中医学丰富多采,针灸疗法方面也不例外,自<灵枢经>出,历代针灸亦有巨著,如<甲乙经>、<资生经>、<十四经发挥>、<针灸大成>等书相继发展.在针灸处方方面也有专论,如<百症赋>、<标幽赋>、<四总穴歌>等等,成为针灸处方以穴的准绳,若论某穴治某病,亦各有擅长,譬如"十三鬼穴"治疗癫、狂、癎等.总之,针灸疗法必须针对患者的病情久新与体质虚实而下针,决非乱针乱刺,医者之疗疾,不可玩忽.     

器械护士在心脏手术中的配合体会

心外科手术多为高难度大手术，对各方面工作要求高。术中器械护士密切配合，是手术顺利进行的重要保证，这要求器械护士配合工作必须积极主动、熟练到位、分秒必争。我院从1998～2005年2月共做心脏手术56例，现将手术中器械护士的配合经验介绍如下。     

关爱生命，科学防癌，让生活更美好

近年来，我国癌症的发病率逐年攀升，根据权威机构的数据显示：在我国部分城市和农村，恶性肿瘤已经由原本的第三位死亡原因，一跃升至第一位，首次成为导致居民死亡的“第一杀手”。超过了分列二、三位的脑血管病和心脏病。恶性肿瘤中，仅肺癌、肝癌、肠癌就占恶性肿瘤死亡的52.01%。     

从1例Wegener肉芽肿的诊治经过谈临床诊断思维

临床医学生经过4年的理论学习后进入临床。此时他们发现尽管花了大量时间，书本知识背了不少，但对临床具体病例的处理仍感到束手无策。特别是在对某些疑难疾病进行诊断和鉴别诊断时更是如此。我们拟从1例wegener肉芽肿的诊治经过对临床诊断时，年轻医生或医学生应该特别注意的几个问题进行了初步的探讨。     

常压及控制性降压下脊髓急性牵拉损伤比较研究

目的 评价控制性降压是否增加脊髓对牵拉损伤的易感性。材料与方法健康成年杂种犬6只，随机分为常压和控制性降压脊髓牵拉损伤组。观察常压及控制性降压水平下相同程度牵拉损伤后脊髓血流(SCBF)、体感诱发电位(SEP)、神经源性运动诱发电位(NMEP)改变的差异。结果 外周血有创动脉压(MABP)平均下降幅度为40．5％。经SSPS统计软件独立样本t检验，不同牵拉水平下，常压组及低压组的SCBF(％)、SEP波幅(Asep)(％)及NMEP波幅(％)无显著差异。结论 尼卡地平控制性降压不增加脊髓对牵拉损伤的易感性。     

B超下灌筒或手控加压灌肠诊治肠套叠676例

目的：介绍B超引导下水压灌肠诊治小儿急性肠套叠的方法，探讨其适应证。方法：男451例，女225例，年龄2月-4岁，病程3小时-5天，其中473例采用B超引导下灌筒灌肠法诊治，207例采用B超引导下手控加压灌肠及诊治。结果：B超确诊率为99．55％，复位成功率为94．1％，40例失败。结论：B超引导下灌筒或手控加压灌肠诊治技术准确率高，并发症少，使用安全，简单易推广，适应征宽广，疗效满意。     

沙培林增强人腹腔巨噬细胞抗癌免疫功能的研究

目的:探讨腹腔内注射沙培林增强人腹腔抗癌免疫功能的机制。方法:72例早中期胃肠道肿瘤患者术前48h和24h腹腔内分别注射生理盐水和5KE的沙培林,术中采集腹腔内巨噬细胞,计数并测定乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)的活性,巨噬细胞吞噬活力,一氧化氮(NO)的分泌以及对人胃癌MKN1细胞的细胞毒性进行分析。同时采集大网膜,对大网膜乳斑的数量和面积进行观察。结果:沙培林显著增加腹腔巨噬细胞(PMΦ)的数量和NO的分泌,增强LDH和ACP的活性,吞噬活力,以及抗癌细胞毒性,也显著增加了大网膜乳斑的数量和面积。结论:腹腔内注射沙培林可显著增加人大网膜乳斑的数量和面积,并因此增加PMΦ的数量,增强PMΦ的活性。因而增强了腹腔巨噬细胞的免疫功能。     

Surgical strategy of one stage surgery of anterior release combined with posterior correction in treatment of severe scoliosis

Objective: Severe scoliosis refers to scoliosis with serious and stiff curve. It always combins with trunk imbalance in coronal and sagittal contour. Besides complex pathological changes, cardiopulmonary deficits and other concomitant diseases increase treatmental difficulties. So the treatment of severe scoliosis is always a great challenge to spine surgeon. Methods :Thirty-six patients with severe scoliosis received one stage posterior correction followed by anterior release during July 1997 to January 2003, including 9 males and 27 females. Mean age was 17.2 years. Of them, 33 was idiopathic scoliosis and 3 was neurofibromatosis scoliosis( Cobb angle: 85-116 degree); 20 cases were abnormal in sagital plane. Three-dimensional devised instrumentation were applied such as CD, CD-Horizon, TSRH or Isola in posterior procedure followed by anterior release during the same anesthesia. 31 cases of this group received thorac icplasty. Results: The correction in the frontal plane achieved an average of 48.5%. In the sagittal plane, the pathological shape of the spine was reduced and distinctly ameliorated. 80. 6% of the patients maintained or achieved balance of sagittal plane. There were no complications of severe neurological deficit, hook displacement, rod broken, and deep infection at follow-up. One case occurred traumatic pleurisy after operation and another appeared pseudarthrosis 2 years later. One case demonstrated imbalance 11 months after operation. One patient was presented loss of correction more than 10 degree at one year follow-up and 5.2 degree in average. Conclusion:The study indicates that the one stage posterior correction combined with anterior release in treatment of severe scoliosis can achieve satisfactory correction. Appropriate choice of cases, preoperational detailed assessment and application of SEP and wake-up test during operation can possibly reduce severe complication. The long-term outcomes still need further observation.