CT三维重建结合美学理念在儿童小耳畸形全扩张法耳再造中的应用

目的探讨CT三维重建技术结合美学理念在小耳畸形耳再造术耳支架雕刻组合中的作用。方法自2016年1月至2018年10月对收诊的56例(57侧)先天性小耳畸形患儿均行全扩张法全耳再造术;一期常规在患侧耳后置入扩张器注水扩张;二期手术前用256排螺旋CT扫描患儿双侧肋软骨,配合最大密度投影以及容积的三维重建肋软骨图像,根据每例患儿肋软骨情况切取适量肋软骨,雕刻耳支架。耳支架以耳轮、对耳轮及对耳轮上脚和下脚、耳轮脚、耳舟、三角窝、耳甲腔8个主要亚结构进行雕刻组合,形成3、4层三维立体的耳支架,用扩张好的皮瓣包裹;三期手术对再造耳行耳垂转位以及形态的调整。结果除2例扩张过程中因扩张器外露,通过皮瓣结合植皮完成耳再造术后效果不佳外;其余患儿均顺利完成三期手术,术后获随访6~17个月。再造耳大小、位置与健侧匹配,主要结构及亚结构显现,患儿及家属满意。结论采用CT三维重建技术结合美学理念进行肋软骨切取和耳支架的雕刻组合,可获得更好的耳再造形态效果。     

抗体诱导的移植免疫耐受依赖于B细胞来源的TGF-β的调节

目的 研究抗CD45RB抗体或联合抗Tim-1抗体诱导的移植免疫耐受中转化生长因子(TGF)-β的调节作用。方法  建立小鼠同种异体心脏移植以及胰岛移植模型,前者用抗CD45RB抗体和(或)抗TGF-β抗体治疗,后者用抗CD45RB抗体联合抗Tim-1抗体治疗并加用或不用抗TGF-β抗体,观察移植物长期存活时间。分离胰岛移植物长期耐受的受体B细胞,过继输注至胰岛细胞移植模型小鼠体内,经抗TGF-β抗体治疗后观察移植胰岛的存活情况。在体外将经双抗体治疗14 d的移植有胰岛细胞的受体B细胞与脂多糖(LPS)混合刺激培养过夜,采用流式细胞仪检测CD19⁺LAP⁺细胞的比例。结果  抗CD45RB抗体治疗后有6/9的同种异体小鼠心脏长期存活,但若加用抗TGF-β抗体治疗则所有移植心脏均被排斥。在小鼠胰岛细胞移植模型中,抗CD45RB抗体联合抗Tim-1抗体治疗后有90%移植物长期耐受,但加用抗TGF-β抗体后则无1例移植物长期存活。B细胞输注治疗后,8/9的胰岛移植物不被排斥,而加用抗TGF-β抗体后则移植物很快被排斥。B细胞体外刺激培养,流式细胞术检测显示CD19⁺LAP⁺细胞在B细胞中的比例显著增高(P < 0.0001)。结论  抗CD45RB抗体或联合抗Tim-1抗体诱导的移植免疫耐受需要TGF-β,其可能受调节性B细胞的调节。     

组织工程预血管化处理对胰岛移植的影响

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic islet transplantation via portal vein system leads to the apoptsis of a number of islet cells due to local hypoxia, thereby affecting transplant outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of pre-micrvascularization network of tissue-engineered constructs on the survival of transplanted islets and the feasibility of xenogenic islet transplantation. METHODS: A 5-mm-long cylindrical silicone tube filled with Matrigel TM matrix surrounding the superficial epigastric vessel was placed in the groin of diabetic mice. After the syngeneic islets with 300 islet equivalents (IEQ) were transplanted into the silicone chamber on days 0, 14 and 28 post-chamber implantation, respectively, the recovery time of blood glucose was observed. The islets with the quantity of 100 IEQ, 200 IEQ and 300 IEQ, respectively, were transplanted on day 28 post-implantation and then the blood glucose level was determined. Moreover, the survival of human pancreatic islets with 1 000 IEQ transplanted into the pre-vascularizated chamber or under the renal capsule of diabetic mice, followed by the treatment of anti-CD45RB and/or anti-CD40L (MR-1) was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:An abundant micro-vascularized network was established in the silicone chamber on day 28 post-implantation. The time of the blood glucose returning to normal level in diabetic mice was negatively correlated with the time required for pre-vascularization and the number of implanted islets. No islet grafts implanted in the silicone chamber and treated by anti-CD45RB survived for long term. However, one of seven (14.3%) grafts survived for long term, which was not significantly different from the transplantation under the renal capsule group (n=8, MST > 71 days, P > 0.05). The tissue-engineered pre-vascularization network markedly extends the survival time of the islet grafts before transplantation. The transplantation of the xenogenic pancreatic islets into the vascularized silicone chamber might be a promising method in the future clinical application. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

成都市龙泉驿区4676例中孕期母血清学产前筛查结果分析

目的:分析成都市龙泉驿区2010年至2011年产前筛查数据,了解筛查阳性率、随访情况及出生缺陷发生情况。方法:取孕15～20+6周孕妇血清进行甲胎蛋白、游离绒毛膜促性腺激素β-亚基2项指标检测,采用Risk2T风险计算软件评估其罹患唐氏综合征、18-三体综合征和开放性神经管缺陷的风险率,并通过高风险转诊,妊娠结局随访对产前筛查结果加以验证和评价。结果:4676例孕妇总体筛查阳性率为6.89%,唐氏综合征高风险筛查阳性率为5.95%;18-三体综合征例高风险筛查阳性率为0.41%;开放性神经管缺陷高风险筛查阳性率为0.53%,3名孕妇自然流产,在3031例随访人群中尚未发现以上3种出生缺陷的患儿。结论:成都市龙泉驿区产前筛查筛查阳性率符合卫生部质控标准,有待进一步加强产前筛查质量控制,加大对妊娠结局的随访,提高产前筛查质量。