经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)在婴幼儿重症肺炎中的应用

目的探讨经鼻持续气道正压通气（NCPAP）在婴幼儿重症肺炎中的应用价值。方法回顾分析我院2009年6月至2012年6月所收治的120例婴幼儿重症肺炎病例,在综合治疗基础上给予NCPAP,观察NCPAP应用前后缺氧改善情况,并发症及转归。结果经过临床治疗,患者的各项临床症状均显著改善,临床治疗前后PaO2、PaCO2、心率和呼吸等各项指标对比均具有显著的统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论鼻持续气道正压通气（NCPAP）适合应用于婴幼儿重症肺炎,早期呼吸支持,能有效改善缺氧和促进疾病转归,耐受性、安全性好。     

单臂外固定架治疗高龄老人股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效观察(附56例报告)

目的 观察高龄老人股骨粗隆间骨折采用单臂外固定支架治疗效果.方法 年龄大于75岁,伤前能够独立行走,随访时间1.5～3.5年,平均2.5年.结果 骨折均愈合,未出现髋内翻,钉道感染5例,处置后愈合.螺钉松动3例.结论 单臂外固定架治疗高龄老人股骨粗隆间骨折创伤小,手术时间短,效果满意.     

Notch信号在急性早幼粒细胞白血病患者骨髓中的表达

目的：通过检测急性早幼粒细胞性白血病（APL）患者治疗前后骨髓中Notch信号途径中受体、配体和靶基因的表达情况,探讨其在APL发生中的作用.方法：采用半定量RT-PCR技术检测APL患者治疗前后骨髓中Notch1,Notch2,Notch3,Notch4,Delta-like-l,Delta-like-4,Jagged1,Jag-ged2,Hes1,Hes5的表达.结果：受体Notch2、配体Jagged1、靶基因Hes1的表达在APL完全缓解后明显下调,其它受体、配体及靶基因的变化无统计学意义.结论：在APL患者治疗前后存在Notch基因的改变,Notch信号的这些改变在APL的发病机制中可能有重要作用.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

MRV与常规MRI联合应用对脑静脉窦血栓的诊断价值

目的：探讨MRI与磁共振静脉血管成像（MRV）联合应用于检测脑静脉窦血栓（CVST）的价值。方法：回顾性分析12例（男4例,女8例）CVST病人的CT、MRI（MRV）及DSA影像学资料,其中12例CVST患者均行MRIT2WIFSE、T1WI TSE、T2WI FLAIR和VEN3DPCA序列检查,4例行CT检查,其中2例行DSA检查。结果：CT检查可为CVST的早期诊断提供重要线索,但阳性率低。MRI（MRV）可直接显示出血栓、血流。并可反复无创检查,在诊断和把握病情上极为有用。结论：MRI及MRV的联合应用是目前诊断CVST之首选方法。     

甲基莲心碱对增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞整合素β1和整合素α3亚型mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨甲基莲心碱（Nef）对体外培养的增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞（HSFBs）整合素（integrin）β1和integrinα3亚型mRNA表达的影响。方法进行HSFBs体外培养,选取3～6代对数生长期的HSFBs,以2×10^6个/瓶分别接种于细胞培养瓶中,随机分为5μg/mLNef组、10μg/mL Nef组、20μg/mLNef组、20μg/mL盐酸维拉帕米注射液（Ver）组和对照组共5组,每组各6瓶细胞。进行条件培养基培养24h后,收集各组细胞,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）法测定各组HSFBs integrin β1和integrin α3亚型mRNA的表达。结果10μg/mLNef组、20μg/mLNef组和20μg/mLVer组HSFBsintegrinβ1 mRNA表达水平均明显低于对照组（均P〈0.01）,20μg/mLVer组HSFBsintegrinβ1 mRNA表达水平与10μg/mLNef组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,5μg/mLNef组HSFBsintegrinβ1mRNA表达水平与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。10μg/mLNef组、20μg/mLNef组HSFBs integrinα3 mRNA表达水平均明显低于对照组（均P〈0.01）,5μg/mLNef组、20μg/mLVer组HSFBs integrinα3 mRNA表达水平与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）,10μg/mLNef组HSFBs integrinα3 mRNA表达水平与20μg/mLNef组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论Nef以浓度依赖方式抑制HSFBs integrinβ1 mRNA和integrinα3 mRNA的表达。     

医疗机构麻醉药品和第一类精神药品信息化管理专家共识

1编写过程,麻醉药品和第一类精神药品(以下简称“麻精药品”)是我国依法依规实行特殊管理的药品,其具有两重性,一方面有很强的镇痛镇静等作用,是临床诊疗必不可少的药品;另一方面不规范地连续使用易产生依赖性,若流入非法渠道则会造成严重的社会危害甚至违法犯罪。根据《国家卫生健康委办公厅关于加强医疗机构麻醉药品和第一类精神药品管理的通知》要求,医疗机构应提高麻精药品信息化管理水平,以实现麻精药品来源可查、去向可追、责任可究的全程闭环式可追溯管理体系。     

多粘菌素B霜与磺胺嘧啶银霜对烧伤创面绿脓杆菌感染的疗效比较

严重烧伤患者由于创面感染特别是绿脓杆菌等革兰阴性菌的感染 ,常导致感染性休克甚至多器官功能障碍综合征。本实验利用多粘菌素Ｂ对绿脓杆菌及革兰阴性的强大杀菌作用将其制成霜剂 ,与磺胺嘧啶银霜进行疗效比较。一、材料与方法1.体外抑菌试验 :将大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌菌液涂于培养皿上 ,滤纸片吸取质量浓度为 2 0ｇ/Ｌ的磺胺嘧啶银和 1、3、5ｇ/Ｌ的多粘菌素Ｂ霜剂 10ｍｇ ,平贴于 30块平皿上 ,35℃孵育 18ｈ后测抑菌圈。2 .动物实验 :(1)疗效研究 :Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠 30只 ,体重 2 5 0～ 30 0ｇ ,造成 10 %ＴＢＳＡⅢ度烧伤 ,创面涂布绿脓杆…