原发性肥大性骨关节病1例诊治分析

1病例报告患者男,29岁。主因四肢关节肿痛3年就诊。自述3年前无明显诱因出现四肢关节肿痛,以双腕、肘、膝、踝为主,活动后明显加重,手指及足趾端增粗明显,并呈进行性加重,偶感晨僵。近来感觉面部较前肥大明显,皮肤亦增厚。入院后各项常规实验室检查均未见明显异常;另查血ACTH节律、血清皮质醇节律、小剂量地塞米松抑制试验等亦无异常,除外皮质醇增多症;     

氯沙坦对肾移植术后受者血红蛋白的影响及其使用的安全性

Objective To evaluate the influence of losartan on levels of hemoglobin (Hb) in patients after renal transplantation. The safety of losartan in these patients was also evaluated. Methods Sixty-six hypertensive patients after renal transplantation with stable allograft function and serum creatinine levels below 176. 8 μmol/L (2 mg/dl) were divided into treatment group (n = 34) treated with losartan at a dose of 50 mg/d, and control group (n = 32) not treated with losartan. Each participant was followed up for 6 months, and differences in Hb, whole blood CsA trough concentration, blood pressure (BP), serum creatinine (Cr) and GFR were compared at baseline, and at the month 1, 2, 3 and 6. Results Serum Cr in treatment group showed a slight, hut significant increase at the month 1 (P<0.05 vs baseline), then gradually returned to the baseline until the month 6. Relatively, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in treatment group was decreased slightly and temporarily. The Fib level in treatment group kept on dropping in the first two months (P <0.01 vs baseline), then remaining stable since the month 3. An uptrend of Hb was seen in the control group hut there was no statistically significant difference. For patients with Hb≥160 g/L, a progressive decrease in Hb was observed after losartan treatment (P<0.01 vs baseline), while a slight, non-significant decrease in the controls. For patients with Hb <160 μmol/L, Hb in treatment group was decreased in the first two months (P<0.01 vs baseline at the month 2), then gradually increased to baseline from the month 3 to 6. A progressive increase in Hb was seen in control group (P < 0.05 vs baseline). Conclusion Losartan can effectively and safely relieve and prevent posttransplantation erythrocytosis following renal transplantation.     

能谱CT多参数成像改善新型冠状病毒肺炎图像质量的价值

目的 探讨能谱CT多参数成像改善新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）图像质量的价值。方法 纳入2020年1月27日～2月20日确诊为COVID 19的15例患者胸部能谱CT影像学资料,共发现53处磨玻璃样病灶（磨玻璃结节组）,23处实性病灶（实性结节组）。使用患者能谱CT的原始数据分别重建混合能量图像、最佳单能量图像和水基图像,在三种图像同一位置以相同大小（ROI）测量病灶的CT值（水基图测量水值）、相邻正常肺组织的CT值和标准差（SD）,计算信噪比（SNR）和对比噪声比（CNR）,并对三种图像质量进行主、客观评分。结果 磨玻璃样病变与实性病变在混合能量、最佳单能量和水基图上SD值、SNR和CNR差异有统计学意义（各P＜0.05）。磨玻璃样病变在水基图上主观评分最高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;实性病变在最佳单能量图和水基图主观评分高于混合能量图（各P＜0.05）。结论 能谱CT多参数成像通过重建最佳单能量图像和水基物质图像,可有效降低图像背景噪声,提高CT图像质量,尤其水基物质图像对提高COVID 19磨玻璃样病变图像质量的优势更明显,可在临床推广应用。     

芍药花瓣与被斑蝥采食花瓣挥发性成分GC-MS分析

目的:野生芍药花瓣与被斑蝥采食花瓣挥发性成分比较分析。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取芍药干燥花瓣挥发油,石油醚浸出法提取新鲜花瓣挥发性物质,GC-MS分析、鉴定其化学成分。结果:斑蝥咬食的干燥花瓣挥发油的得率较未被咬食的有明显增高,分别为0.13%和0.06%(mL·g-1),斑蝥的采食对芍药花瓣的挥发性成分组分影响不大,但是其相对含量会有所变化。从芍药干燥和新鲜花瓣挥发性物质中分别鉴定出34种和19种化学成分。新鲜花瓣含有更多的分子量小的芳香成分,如苯甲醛,苯乙醛,苯乙醇等。结论:斑蝥的采食对芍药花瓣的挥发性成分总量和各组分的相对含量有影响。干燥花瓣和新鲜花瓣的的主要成分变化较大。     

防旋股骨近端髓内钉治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折

目的评价防旋股骨近端髓内钉治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效。方法 29例老年人股骨粗隆部骨折患者采用PFNA内固定。结果 29例均获随访,时间5～16个月,骨折临床愈合时间11～19周。根据Harris评分,优20例,良6例,可3例,优良率90%。未发生感染、股骨头坏死及髋内翻畸形等并发症。结论采用PFNA治疗老年人股骨粗隆部骨折固定可靠,临床疗效满意。     

外科订书钉和闭合带在初次全膝关节置换皮肤闭合中应用的系统回顾与荟萃分析

BACKGROUND: Skin closure with surgical staplers has been widely used in total knee arthroplasty. In recent years, a new kind of skin closure tape has also achieved good results in total knee arthroplasty. There is no clear report on which method of skin closure is better.     

药用炭治疗维持血液透析患者难治性高磷血症效果观察

目的:观察药用炭治疗维持血液透析患者难治性高磷血症的效果。方法:选择在本中心充分透析6个月以上、存在高磷血症且经常规治疗仍不能达标者30例,在常规治疗基础上给予餐中口服药用炭治疗12周,对比分析治疗前后血生化、血常规、血钙、血磷、全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)等指标变化。结果:(1)治疗后血红蛋白、钠离子、钙离子、碳酸氢根、血浆清蛋白、C-反应蛋白、Kt/Vurea等指标与治疗前比较,差异均不显著(P>0.05)。(2)治疗前血磷水平为(2.38±0.57)mmol/L,治疗后降至(1.95±0.64)mmol/L,治疗后与治疗前比较,差异显著(P<0.05);治疗后iPTH与治疗前比较有所下降,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:药用炭可显著降低维持血液透析患者难治性高磷血症的血磷水平。     

光疗对抑郁症的治疗进展

光疗作为一种新型的物理治疗方法,其对抑郁症的治疗作用逐渐受到关注。本文就光疗在抑郁症中的治疗进展做一综述。     

氯沙坦对肾移植术后受者血红蛋白的影响及其使用的安全性

Objective To evaluate the influence of losartan on levels of hemoglobin (Hb) in patients after renal transplantation. The safety of losartan in these patients was also evaluated. Methods Sixty-six hypertensive patients after renal transplantation with stable allograft function and serum creatinine levels below 176. 8 μmol/L (2 mg/dl) were divided into treatment group (n = 34) treated with losartan at a dose of 50 mg/d, and control group (n = 32) not treated with losartan. Each participant was followed up for 6 months, and differences in Hb, whole blood CsA trough concentration, blood pressure (BP), serum creatinine (Cr) and GFR were compared at baseline, and at the month 1, 2, 3 and 6. Results Serum Cr in treatment group showed a slight, hut significant increase at the month 1 (P<0.05 vs baseline), then gradually returned to the baseline until the month 6. Relatively, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in treatment group was decreased slightly and temporarily. The Fib level in treatment group kept on dropping in the first two months (P <0.01 vs baseline), then remaining stable since the month 3. An uptrend of Hb was seen in the control group hut there was no statistically significant difference. For patients with Hb≥160 g/L, a progressive decrease in Hb was observed after losartan treatment (P<0.01 vs baseline), while a slight, non-significant decrease in the controls. For patients with Hb <160 μmol/L, Hb in treatment group was decreased in the first two months (P<0.01 vs baseline at the month 2), then gradually increased to baseline from the month 3 to 6. A progressive increase in Hb was seen in control group (P < 0.05 vs baseline). Conclusion Losartan can effectively and safely relieve and prevent posttransplantation erythrocytosis following renal transplantation.