肝肺综合征患者肝移植术中体、肺循环血流动力学变化

目的:分析终末期肝病肝肺综合征(HPS)患者肝移植术中体、肺循环血流动力学的变化。方法:26例HPS患者为HPS组;20例无低氧血症、无原发心肺疾病的原位肝移植术患者为对照组。两组病例均接受改良背驼式原位肝移植术,观察术中体、肺循环血流动力学的变化及术后转归。结果:(1)与对照组相比,HPS组术前心排量(CO)较高,平均肺动脉压(MPAP)、肺动脉楔压(PAWP)、体循环阻力(SVR)及肺循环阻力(PVR)均较低;术中SVR、PVR均较低,而PAWP在新肝期较低。(2)与术前相比,HPS组CO在新肝15min时较低,新肝30min后无差异;对照组在新肝15min时差异无显著性,新肝30min后上升。(3)与术前相比,HPS组PVR在新肝30min后差异无显著性,SVR下降;对照组在新肝30min后PVR、SVR均下降。(4)HPS组患者围术期死亡6例,死亡率为23.1%,对照组全部存活。结论:HPS患者肝移植围术期表现为高心排量、低体及肺循环阻力的状态,其围术期死亡率高。     

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目的　探讨肝移植围手术期门静脉血栓的处理。方法　回顾性分析 2 0 0 3年 10月至 2 0 0 4年 6月 14 0例原位肝移植病人的临床资料。结果　通过彩色多普勒、螺旋CT加三维血管成像和间接门脉造影共确诊肝移植术前门静脉血栓 5例。其中螺旋CT加三维血管成像 (CTA)对门静脉血栓的诊断特异性为 10 0 % ,彩色多普勒的诊断特异性为 80 % ,间接门脉造影的诊断特异性为 2 0 %。肝移植术中采用门静脉血栓切除术治疗成功率为10 0 %。结论　肝移植术中门静脉血栓切除术是治疗门静脉血栓的有效方法。CTA检查能准确判断门静脉血栓的程度。肝移植术后预防性抗凝能有效预防门静脉血栓复发。     

单中心11例肝内胆管细胞癌肝移植疗效分析

Objective To evaluate the effect of liver transplantation(LT)on the prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 11 consecutive patients with ICC who underwent LT between October 2003 and November 2008 at our institution.The overall and disease-free survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Mayer method.Results The median survival time Was 9.0 months(2.5-53 months).The 1-,2-,3-and 4-year disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate of all the patients were 51.9%、51.9%、51.9%、51.9%and 50.5%、50.5%、50.5%、50.5%,respectively.The perioperative mortality and the recurrence rate were 0 and 43.5%,respectively.The survival rate and disease-free survival time of patients with recurrence were 2.5-10 months(mean 7.5 months)and 1-8 months(mean 3.8 months).Conclusions The prognosis of LT for ICC is rather poor.ICC patients with lymph node metastasis.vascular or bile duct invasion is contraindicated for LT.     

成人间右半肝活体肝移植的肝动脉重建

Objective To summarize our experience in hepatic artery reconstruction in adult-to-adult right lobe living donor liver transplantation(LDLT).Methods A retrospective analysis was made for 17 cases undergoing LDLT in our center from May 2007 to Oct 2008.Results All the 17 right lobe graft of the liver was supplied by single right hepatic artery and the mean diameter of right hepatic artery was 3.1 mm.The hepatic artery for segment 4 was mainly originated from left hepatic artery(12/17,70.1%).The recipient right or left hepatic artery was used in 14 cases of reconstruction,proper hepatic artery was used in 2 cases,and gastroduodenal artery was used in one case.Anastomosis was performed with interrupted 8-0 prolene and 12-16 stitches were made on the posterior wall first and then the anterior wall to avoid turning over the vessel.The mean anastomosis time was(51±26) minutes and all hepatic arteries were patent immediately after anastomosis.Hepatic arterial complications including hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT)did not occur after LDLT.Conclusions Detailed evaluation and careful protection of the hepatic artery of segment 4 are the key to successful reconstruction of hepatic artery in LDLT.Anastomosis was performed without flipping the artery wall helped to reduce the difficulty of operation remarkably and with a good result.     

肝癌患者术前HBV DNA定量水平与肝移植术后肝癌复发关系的探讨

目的 探讨肝癌肝移植患者术前乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)DNA定量与肝移植术后原发性肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)复发的关系.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月到2008年12月因同时合并HCC和HBV行肝移植手术并长期随访的148例患者,使用Kaplan-Meier生存分析统计患者生存率和无瘤生存率,根掘术后HCC是否复发将患者分成HCC复发组(43例)及未复发组(105例),使用COX多因素回归进行危险因素分析.结果 148例HCC肝移植患者1、3、5年生存率分别为86%,72%,72%,无瘤生存率分别为79%,71%,54%.肝移植术后HCC复发43例,复发率为29.1%(43/148),术后HCC平均复发时间为(13.16±14.17)个月(1～54个月).COX多因素回归分析表明超过米兰标准(HR=9.89;95%CI2.30～42.52;P=0.002)以及术前HBV DNA＞5log10 copies/ml(HR=2.26;95%CI1.01～5.04;P=0.047)是肝移植术后HCC复发的独立危险因素.结论 肝移植术前HBV DNA＞5log10 copies/ml和超过米兰标准是原发性肝癌患者肝移植术后HCC复发的高危因素.     

肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤四例临床分析

目的 探讨肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤的临床特征、危险因素和防治措施.方法 回顾性分析2003年8月至2008年12月间行肝移植术的726例受者中新发恶性肿瘤的临床资料.结果 在726例肝移植受者中,术后新发恶性肿瘤4例,发生率为0.6%;患者均为男性;新发恶性肿瘤的类型分别为:急性髓性白血病、胃癌、肺癌和未分化肝肉瘤;患者肝移植时年龄为42～57岁,中位年龄52岁,肿瘤确诊时的年龄为45～60岁,中位年龄53岁;从接受肝移植手术至发生肿瘤的时间为6～38个月,中位时间31个月.4例患者均死于肿瘤进展和多器官功能衰竭.肝移植术至死亡时间为12～48个月,中位时间39.5个月;确诊为新发恶性肿瘤至死亡时间为6～10个月,中位时间8.5个月.结论 肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤国内发病率低于国外;确诊时间较晚是患者死亡的主要原因;重视癌前病变和高危因素,早期诊断,早期治疗是提高疗效的关键.     

第235例肝移植术后-全血细胞减少-高铁蛋白血症

病历摘要 患者男,45岁,因体检发现肝脏占位1周于2009年2月11日就诊于中山大学附属第三医院肝移植科.患者1周前无明显诱因常规体检发现肝脏巨大占位,患者无明显不适,无右上腹疼痛,偶伴反酸、嗳气.无畏寒、发热,无恶心、呕吐,无腹胀、腹泻,无皮肤、巩膜黄染,无呕血、黑便,无牙龈出血、鼻衄,无双下肢水肿.患者曾在当地医院就诊,查丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)有轻度升高,暂时给予抗炎保肝保守治疗,当时未予特殊处理.今为进一步诊治入住我科.发病以来,患者精神、睡眠尚可,小便正常,大便色黄,成形,每日1次,近1个月来体重骤然下降5 kg左右.既往有"乙肝小三阳"病史9余年,否认"高血压、糖尿病、心脏病"等病史,否认"结核、伤寒"等传染病史,否认重大手术、外伤、输血史,否认药物、食物过敏史.烟1包/d,20余年.否认家族遗传病及类似疾病史.     

肝肾联合移植13例临床分析

目的 探讨肝肾联合移植的适应证、手术并发症及生存情况.方法 回顾性分析2003年10月至2008年12月施行的13例肝肾联合移植患者的临床资料,分析围手术期死亡率、并发症情况及生存情况.结果 13例肝肾联合移植患者围手术期死亡率30.8%(4/13).术中、术后腹腔出血4例(30.8%);肺部感染7例(53.8%);移植肾急性排斥反应1例(7.7%).本组随访4.4～60个月,中位数40个月.存活1年以上8例,2年以上6例,3年以上5例,4年以上3例,5年以上1例.肝肾联合移植前有1例患者经历肝移植(例2)和2例患者经历肾移植(例3、例4),例4患者于肝肾联合移植术后第29天死于肺部感染、多器官功能衰竭,例2和例3肝肾联合移植术后分别存活40 m、48 m.结论 肝肾联合移植是治疗终未期肝肾疾病的有效方法.肝/肾移植术后再行肝肾联合移植是可行的.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the indications, complications and survival results of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods From Oct 2003 to Dec 2008, the clinical data of 13 patients who underwent combined liver-kidney transplantation (CLKTs) were retrosptiverly analyzed in our institution. The perioperative mortality rate, complications and the result of follow-up were analyzed.Results The perioperative mortality rate (within 30 days) was 30.8% (4/13). Postoperative complications included intrabdominal bleeding in 4 patients ( 30. 8% ); pulmonary infection in 7 patients (53.8%); acute renal rejection in one (7. 7% ). Survivors were followed up from 4.4 to 60 months, with the median time of 40 months. Eight patients have survived more than 1 year; six patients have survived more than 2 years; five of them have survived for more than 3 years; and three of them have survived for more than 4 years, with one surviving for more than 5 years. One patient had undergone liver transplantation ( case 2 ) and two patients had had kidney transplantations ( case 3 and case 4 ) before this CLKTs.Postoperatively case 4 died of pulmonary infection and multiple organ failure at day 29, while case 2 and case 4 survived respectively 40 m, 48 m after CLKTs. Conclusions CLKTs is an effective therapy for end-stage liver and kidney disease. CLKTs for patients with irreversible liver and renal insufficiency after initial liver transplantation or kidney transplantation was feasible.     

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目的 构建表达人类白细胞抗原-E(HLA-E)基因慢病毒载体,探讨慢病毒介导HLA-E基因在肿瘤免疫中的意义.方法 2006年10月至2007年11月在中山大学附属第三医院肝移植中心应用pGC-El-GFP-HLA-E慢病毒载体转导肝癌HepG2细胞,检测慢病毒载体的转导效率、细胞内HLA-E信使核糖核酸(mRNA)及蛋白质水平的表达.结果 pGC-El-GFP-HLA-E慢病毒载体转导肝癌HepG2细胞72h的转导效率为(95.0±1.3)%;通过RT-PCR检测24h后细胞内HLA-E mRNA水平是肝癌HepG2细胞的(8.73±1.05)倍,72h后为(293.48±42.01)倍,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01).细胞免疫组化显示转导HLA-E后细胞内的蛋白水平明显增强.结论 慢病毒栽体系统能够使转导的基因在靶细胞中得到稳定表达,是基因治疗中的理想载体.