中国新诊断2型糖尿病胰岛素分泌和胰岛素抵抗特点调查

目的 研究中国新诊断2型糖尿病患者胰岛素分泌功能(IS)及胰岛素抵抗(IR)状况.方法 对405例新诊断2型糖尿病患者和40名糖耐量正常者(对照组)测量身高、体重;行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)及胰岛素释放试验.按空腹血糖(FPG)水平分为4组,与对照组比较.93例FPG≥8.3mmol/L者应用格列齐特(达美康)缓释片进行干预治疗1～3个月,血糖达标后重复OGTT并计算干预后的IR及IS.结果 (1)随着FPG水平的升高,糖尿病各组IR、IS逐级恶化:在FPG≥9.7mmol/L组,胰岛素敏感性为正常组的30%,IS仅为正常组的5%;(2)在FPG<9mmol/L组,IR能解释70%的血糖水平变化,而在FPG高于≥9mmol/L组,IS能解释60%的血糖变化;(3)格列齐特缓释片干预治疗IR及IS有了显著的改善.结论 新诊断2型糖尿病的IR及IS随空腹血糖升高而恶化,但是IS恶化更为严重;这种双重恶化在高血糖状态得到纠正后在相当程度上是可逆的.     

甲状腺细针穿刺活检及细胞学检查

细针穿刺活检细胞学检查对许多甲状腺疾病具有可靠的诊断价值。本文简要介绍甲状腺穿刺活检的历史、细针穿刺方法及甲状腺细胞学表现的组织病理基础，详细介绍各种甲状腺炎、甲状腺功能亢进症、甲状腺肿、甲状腺囊性病变、甲状腺腺瘤、各种甲状腺癌及甲状腺髓样癌的细胞学特点。     

Graves病药物治疗停药复发相关因素分析

Objective To explore the value of thyroid-stimulating antibody(TSAb) and degree of goiter in predicting the outcome of Graves'disease after antithyroid drug treatment. Methods Seventy-one patients with Graves'disease were given antithyroid drugs for (2. 8±1. 4)years and then followed up for(22±6.0)months.Finally,age,gender,thyroid function,TSAb and goiter size at the time of drug withdrawal were compared between the relapsed and relieved groups. TSAb was measured in all patients by using HEK-hTSHR cells. Results Eleven of 71 patients relapsed during the follow-up after drug withdrawal. The relapse rate (42. 9% ,6/14)in patients with positive TSAb was significantly higher than that (8.8%, 5/57) in patient with negative TSAb (X2 = 9.97, P<0.01). The relapse rates in patients with normal size thyroid, Ⅰ degree goiter,Ⅱ degree goiter were 6.25%, 12.2%,35.7% respectively. TSAb activity, positive rate and goiter size of the relapsed patients at the time of drug withdrawal were significantly higher than those of relieved patients (P<0.05 or P<0. 01). Conclusion TSAb activity and goiter size at the time of drug withdrawal are two effective prognostic markers of relapse in Graves' disease treated with antithyroid drugs.     

中老年人群甲状腺结节发病状况调查

目的了解中老年人群甲状腺结节的发病情况。方法对938例既往无甲状腺疾病史的离退休职工进行高分辨率甲状腺B超检查。结果本组资料甲状腺结节检出率男女分别为37．16％和45．70％，其中女性结节的发生率随年龄增长而显著升高（P〈0．05）；〈1．0cm的微小结节占多数，男女分别为67．81％及64．08％；随着年龄的增长多发结节的比例上升，男性〉70岁的多发结节占57．14％，显著高于〈70岁人群（P〈0．05）。结论我国中老年人群甲状腺结节的发病率高，应重视甲状腺结节的早期诊断和早期治疗。     

甲状腺细针穿刺活检及细胞学检查

细针穿剌活检细胞学检查对许多甲状腺疾病具有可靠的诊断价值。本文简要介绍甲状腺穿刺活检的历 史、细针穿刺方法及甲状腺细胞学表现的组织病理基础,详细介绍各种甲状腺炎、甲状腺功能亢进症、甲状腺肿、甲 状腺囊性病变、甲状腺腺瘤、各种甲状腺癌及甲状腺髓样癌的细胞学特点。     

暴发性1型糖尿病研究现状

暴发性1型糖尿病起病急骤,病情进展迅速,短期内胰岛β细胞几乎全部破坏,临床上常以严重的酮症酸中毒为首发症状,但糖化血红蛋白却接近正常,并叮伴有胰酶水平的升高.该病在亚洲人群中多见,其确切的发病机制尚不清楚,目前认为是遗传和环境凶素共同作用的结果.现时暴发性1型糖尿病的流行病学特点、临床及免疫学特征、发病机制、诊断标准、治疗及预后进行综述.     

Graves病药物治疗停药复发相关因素分析

Objective To explore the value of thyroid-stimulating antibody(TSAb) and degree of goiter in predicting the outcome of Graves'disease after antithyroid drug treatment. Methods Seventy-one patients with Graves'disease were given antithyroid drugs for (2. 8±1. 4)years and then followed up for(22±6.0)months.Finally,age,gender,thyroid function,TSAb and goiter size at the time of drug withdrawal were compared between the relapsed and relieved groups. TSAb was measured in all patients by using HEK-hTSHR cells. Results Eleven of 71 patients relapsed during the follow-up after drug withdrawal. The relapse rate (42. 9% ,6/14)in patients with positive TSAb was significantly higher than that (8.8%, 5/57) in patient with negative TSAb (X2 = 9.97, P<0.01). The relapse rates in patients with normal size thyroid, Ⅰ degree goiter,Ⅱ degree goiter were 6.25%, 12.2%,35.7% respectively. TSAb activity, positive rate and goiter size of the relapsed patients at the time of drug withdrawal were significantly higher than those of relieved patients (P<0.05 or P<0. 01). Conclusion TSAb activity and goiter size at the time of drug withdrawal are two effective prognostic markers of relapse in Graves' disease treated with antithyroid drugs.     

Concomitant diabetic ketoacidosis and rhinocerebral mucormycosis: report of a case

Mucormycosis is generally an acute and rapidly developing fungal infection. There are at least six distinct clinical varieties, dependent upon the types of predisposing factors of the patient. Rhinocerebral mucormycosis most commonly manifests itself in cases of poorly controlled diabetes, especially diabetes with ketoacidosis. This clinical report describes a man with diabetic ketoacidosis who developed typical rhinocerebral mucormycosis.     

甲状腺组织中甲状腺激素的定位研究

作者在文中对近10年来有关甲状腺素(T_4)及三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T_3)在甲状腺组织中的定位研究的方法、结果及意义进行了综述。     

糖耐量减低的临床分析研究

对象1999～2000年间我科门诊及住院的患有冠心病、高血压、高脂血症、脑梗塞、慢性肝病、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)等疾病622人,予以糖耐量试验(OGTT),筛选出IGT患者115例,其中男76人,女39人,平均年龄65.3岁.