上海市新婚夫妇避孕知识动态及影响因素的研究

对上海市两区于1987年8月到1988年8月间领证的7872对初婚夫妇婚后两次跟踪调查,显示上海市新婚夫妇对常用非永久性避孕措施的知识水平偏低。婚后15月时有增长但仍是低水平的。研究发现新婚夫妇普遍不愿服用口服避孕药,大部分妻子对口服药的知识不清晰,看法有偏倚。多元回归显示影响婚后妻子避孕知识水平的因素有:晚育意愿;妻子谈论避孕的能力及首先了解途径;婚前使用避孕措施;夫妇职业;妻子教育程度;丈夫单位所有制及夫妇月收入等。结果提示妻子婚龄及其母教育水平、恋爱时间与晚育意愿有内在关联而间接影响妻子避孕知识水平。初访后分娩或自流、“人流”是妻子避孕知识增长的主要影响因素。     

流行性出血热发病危险因素病例对照研究

目的 探讨流行性出血热（ｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｃ ｈｅｍｏｒｒｈａｇｉｃ ｆｅｖｅｒ，ＥＨＦ）发病的保护因素。方法 采用１：１配对病例对照研究调查和分析有关的暴露因素。结果 调查了１８５例病例和对照，在单因素Ｘ＾２和多因素ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析中，室内鼠患、农少、外出、人均年收入和住房地面的材料均有统计学意义。在Ｐ〈０．０５显著水平下，室内鼠患、农活、外出、人均年收入和住房地面的ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归系数     

哺乳状况对婴儿健康结局的影响

参与世界卫生组织课题“健康教育对哺乳和避孕行为的影响——上海市妇女产后哺乳和避孕行为的队列研究”的对象（母婴对）中，产后６ ｗ 以内、产后第７ 周～３ 个月末和产后第４个月～第９ 个月的婴儿腹泻发病率均未超过 ６％ ，而市区婴儿呼吸系统感染发病率在产后第９ 个月随访时已超过４０％ ，农村婴儿则达约２３％ ，市区婴儿呼吸系统感染发病率在３ 次随访都显著高于农村婴儿。多因素分析表明，产后６ ｗ 以内和产后第４ 个月～第９ 个月的随访结果未显示哺乳状况和婴儿健康结局有统计学关联，但产后第７ 周～３ 个月末时，添加辅食的婴儿较之中断母乳的婴儿腹泻发病危险高，而呼吸系统感染危险则低。     

Contraceptive Method Choice Among Newly Married Couples and Influential Factors in Shanghai Municipality

A foliow-up study with 7,826 representative newly married couples for fifteen months after their weddings in Shanghai Municipality showed that among the 3,412 couples who actually adopted contraceptive method, rhythm was the main choice; the proportion for couples taking the contraceptive pill was much higher among sexually active couples before their weddings. The proportions of adopting rhythm or condom or the both, however, increased afterwards. About 86% of couples who had ever planned adopting the rhythm at registration actually used it. In fact, 16% of those who had ever planned to take pills eventually made this choice, because of their worry about any adverse side effects on mother‘s and fetus‘ health. Their knowledge about contraception, especially the pills, was incomprehensive. Approximately 62% of condom users had not been given any instruction regarding its use when they got this contraceptive device one year later. Half of the pill and spermicide users learnt these respective methods from their friends or relatives. The proportion of delivering contraceptives after marriage by F.P.P. was rather low. By fitting the multinomial logistic regression model, it is indicated that couple‘ s evaluation on contraceptive methods and contraceptive goal were the main factors determining newlyweds‘ method of choice. Wife‘s knowledge on contraception and the accessibility of contraceptives and devices also influenced the method choice to some extent.     

七种抗HCV抗体筛检试验的敏感性比较

1994年7月,法国卫生部要求法国输血组织的病毒性肝炎研究组对在法国获准使用的7种抗丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）抗体筛检试验的敏感性进行比较,这7种试验为:AbbottHCV EIA3.0（美国）、Innotest HCV AbⅢ（比利时）、Murex抗-HCV Version Ⅲ（英国）、Ortho HCV3.0 ELISA检测系统（美     

国产皮下埋植避孕方法多中心研究

本研究在全国11个省100个分中心对国产Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型皮下埋植剂进行临床多中心比较研究,共接收合格对象19673例,目前已完成二年随访。二年随访率94.29％,累计继续使用率分别为88.89,％(Ⅰ型)和89.93％(Ⅱ型),Ⅱ型显著高于Ⅰ型,二年累积妊娠率Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型分别为每百妇女0.0462和0.281,其间呈显著性差异。Ⅰ型埋植剂无异位妊娠发生,Ⅱ型埋植剂发生异位妊娠3例,发生率为0.163/1000妇女年。副反应的发生率有随时间增长而减少的趋势。主要副反应为月经失调,占副反应的90％以上。月经异常中月经频发、不规则出血和点滴出血的发生率高于月经稀发/量少和闭经。闭经和月经稀发/量少的发生率Ⅰ型高于Ⅱ型。二年观察中,因月经问题而终止使用者占总终止人数的78％,与月经问题有关的二年累积终止率Ⅰ型为每百妇女8.96,Ⅱ型为7.84,差别有显著性。二年观察研究表明,两种国产皮下埋植剂的副反应发生率和避孕效果以及二年的续用率与Norplant相似。     

微量血清乙型肝炎病毒DAN定量检测方法

将标准乙型肝炎病毒ＤＮＡ稀释系列进行斑点杂交，并放射自显影，扫描测定斑点密度，对斑点的ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ含量和其扫描密度进行曲线拟合，Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ曲线拟合效果极佳，可用于血清ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ的定量检测。     

初婚夫妇自然受孕力及影响因素的研究

８０年代末，上海市区７８２６对初婚夫妇的前瞻性随访显示，领证夫妇开始每周有性生活后１年时，９２％的未避孕者及９０％的曾避孕者已首次受孕。７６％的未避孕及８６％的曾避孕夫妇于３个月内即受孕。以领证为起点估计上海市区夫妇婚后１年的受孕力为８３％，而如以夫妇开始每周性生活为起点，则９２％的初婚夫妇于婚后１年时已受孕。比例风险模型显示，除夫妇婚龄及妻子毒物接触史等外．夫妇生育意愿、同胞数、排行、工作单位所有制、个性及性生活状况等，均在不同程度上影响夫妇的自然受孕力。     

Effect of intervention on the contraceptive efficacy among married reproductive women

Itisoneofthenationalfundamentalpoliciestocontroltheexcessiveincreaseofpopulation,andthemosteffectivemeasuretoreachthisgoalistoincreasecontraceptiveuseandimproveitseffectiveness.Buttheefficacyofcontraceptivesvariedindifferentareasandamongdifferentpeople,attributingtomanykindsofreasons.TheobjectiveofthestudywastoexplorefactorsinfluencingtheefficacyofcontraceptivesamongmarriedwomenofreproductiveageinruralareasofShanghaiandQingdaocities,andtoevaluatetheeffectofinterventiononcontraceptiveefficacy,s…