血红素氧合酶-1基因转染对移植小肠的保护作用

目的 观察重组腺相关病毒血红素氧合酶-1( HO-1)基因转染对移植小肠的保护作用。方法 建立大鼠同种异位小肠移植模型,实验分为2组:实验组(n=34):供体术前腹腔注射载有HO-1基因的腺相关病毒1.0×1012个/ml,对照组(n=34):供体术前腹腔注射腺相关病毒1.0×1012个/ml,在实验组和对照组中检测小肠移植术后小肠组织中HO-1的活性、HO-1 mRNA含量及细胞凋亡,免疫组织化学检测HO-1蛋白的表达,观察小肠组织病理学变化和受体生存时间。结果 实验组平均生存时间为(6.80±1.56)d,对照组平均生存时间为(5.80±1.28)d,两者之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),小肠移植术后24、48 h和5d移植小肠实验组HO-1活性分别为2.11±0.04、1.90±0.04和1.56±0.05,均强于对照组(1.71±0.07、1.56±0.06和1.38±0.08,P＜0.05);各组移植肠缺血再灌注损伤程度以术后24h最重,实验组缺血再灌注损伤程度轻于对照组;术后24h和48 h实验组HO-1 mRNA表达水平分别为1.12±0.08和0.76 ±0.10,均高于对照组(0.69±0.05和0.38±0.08,P＜0.05),术后5 d HO-1 mRNA表达水平两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后各时段移植小肠细胞凋亡数实验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),生存时间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 HO-1基因转染可降低移植小肠缺血再灌注损伤程度。     

内镜微波凝固治疗上消化道出血41例

１资料与方法 对４１例急性上消化道出血的病人,急诊行内镜下微波凝固止血治疗。４１例中,男３４例,女７例,年龄在２１～６６岁,平均４０．５岁。临床表现：４１例病人均有不同程度的腹痛、反酸、嗳气、腹胀、在内镜治疗前４８小时内有呕血或黑便史。失血量约在 ５００－１５００ ｍｌ,Ｈｂ：５０－９０ ｇ／Ｌ,经内镜诊断：十二指肠球部溃疡２４例,胃溃疡８例、胃癌２例、胃炎２例、胃息肉３例,贲门食管粘膜撕裂２例。其中５例为小动脉喷射状出血。２３例病人糜烂面或溃疡边缘有血液外渗。１３例病灶外有血凝块形成或污秽物附着者…     

永久心脏起搏器植入术后电池耗竭一例

电池耗竭是起搏器更换的最常见原因,心电图能够反映起搏器起搏频率改变、起搏方式改变(尤其是DDD变为VVI,磁频试验时由DOO变为VOO)以及起搏器感知功能,从而早期发现起搏器电池耗竭。本例患者在植入起搏器11年后,出现晕厥、抽搐,心电图提示起搏器起搏功能、感知功能均丧失,符合起搏器电池耗竭心电图改变,诊断起搏器电池耗竭明确。     

颈前路寰枢椎侧块螺钉固定植骨融合治疗难复性寰枢关节脱位

目的 探讨颈前路寰枢椎侧块螺钉固定植骨融合治疗难复性寰枢关节脱位的疗效和安全性.方法 寰枢关节脱位患者5例,男3例,女2例,年龄14-58岁.颈前路暴露出寰椎前结节及枢椎椎体,用剥离子向后轻推寰椎前弓,或同时在枢椎旋入带螺纹克氏针向前牵引复位寰枢关节,C臂机透照观察寰枢椎复位情况.C臂机引导下经侧块分别置入螺钉各一枚,侧块关节去皮质化,植入自体髂骨或同种异体骨.结果 5例患者均获得了很好的复位,全部采用寰枢椎侧块螺钉固定,手术时间90-130 min,平均出血量150-250ml,术后患者临床症状明显改善.术后随访6-12个月,所有病例均获得了骨性融合,寰枢椎稳定.结论 采用前路松解、复位、植骨融合、侧块螺钉内固定治疗难复性寰枢关节脱位,操作安全,并发症少,初期随访结果满意.     

微创治疗胫骨平台骨折

目的 探讨胫骨平台骨折微创治疗的方法.方法 采用胫骨近端锁定钢板治疗胫骨平台骨折25例,术中使用前正中切口或前外侧切口.结果 25例均获得随访,无骨折不愈合或延迟愈合,无骨筋膜室综合征及下肢深静脉栓塞.膝关节功能使用HSS评分法术后平均优良率92%.结论 胫骨近端锁定钢板治疗胫骨平台骨折有手术创伤小,手术时间变短,手术出血量少,固定稳定,骨折不愈合率明显减少.尤其对于骨折疏松合并骨折患者,术后下地康复时间较传统手术明显提前,有利于膝关节功能的恢复.     

超声诊断输卵管壶腹部妊娠10周胎儿并存活1例

患者女,24岁,未婚,有性生活史,不规则阴道流血1个月余,无明显停经史.患者平素月经规律,经期、周期及经量均正常.     

男性骨质疏松患者股骨头松质骨微结构区域差异的研究

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the femoral head trabecular heterogeneity in Chinese male patients with osteoporotic fracture and their effects on osteoporotie fracture.Methods Human femoral heads were obtained from 11 male osteoporotie fracture (OP) patients ranged from 51 to 82 years old [average age (65±9 ) years old], and 7 male trauma ( TM ) patients ranged from 46 to 75 years old [average age (61±11 ) years old] who underwent total hip arthroplasty within two hours after either osteoporotic or trauma hip fracture.The OP was defined as having a fragility fracture.After laying femoral head as living body position and locating mark, nine trabecular specimens were obtained from femoral heads, each of 6 mm × 6 mm× 7 mm.The cortical shell was not included in each specimen.One cube was selected as the primary compressive trabecular region and the other 8 specimens as non-primary compressive trabecular region.These cubes were scanned using high-resolution microcomputed tomography scanner (μCT).After scanning, the data of total cubes, primary compressive trabecular region and noncompressive trabecular region were used for analysis by t test.Results In OP group volumetric bone mineral deosity(vBMD) [( 182.15±66.00) mg/mm3 vs (223.97±70.92) mg/mm3, t =3.041], tissue bone mineral density (tBMD) [(538.76±64.72) mg/mm3 vs (580.01±63.86 ) mg/mm3, t = 3.160],bone volume fraction (TV/BV) [(0.22 ± 0.06) % vs (0.26 ± 0.07 ) %, t = 2.821], trabecular thickness (Tb.Th.) [( 161.07 ±42.75 ) μm vs ( 205.47 ± 74.44 ) μm, t = 3.233] were significantly decreased while bone surface/bone volume ( BS/BV ) [( 13.75 ± 2.55 ) mm-1 vs ( 12.28 ± 2.70 ) mm-1, t =-2.777] was significantly increased in the non-primary compressive trabecular region than that in the primary compressive trabecular region ( P < 0.05 ).vBMD [( 182.15 ± 66.00) mg/mm3 vs ( 248.05 ±105.48) mg/mm3, t = - 3.598], tBMD [(538.76 ± 64.72) mg/mm3 vs ( 570.54 ± 100.32) mg/mm3,t=-2.108],TV/BV [(0.22±0.06) % vs (0.28±0.12) %, t= -3.466], Tb.Th.[(161.07±42.75) μm vs (200.31 ±96.63) μm, t= -2.866], trabecular number (Tb.N.)[(1.46±0.23)/mm3 vs ( 1.57 ± 0.29)/mm3, t = - 2.396] were significantly decreased while trabecular separation ( Tb.Sp.) [(780.82 ± 144.85 )μm vs ( 653.09 ± 119.64) μm, t = 5.470], degree of anisotropy (DA) ( 1.57±0.20 vs 1.47±0.18, t = 2.930 ) were significantly increased in OP than in TM in the non-compressive trabecular region( P < 0.05 ).No significant differents were found between OP and TM for any of the parameters measured in the primary compressive trabecular region.Tb.Th.[(199.37±68.22)μm vs (176.33 ±71.21 )μm, t = 2.060,P < 0.05] were significantly increased in the primary compressive trabecular region than that in the non-primary compressive trabecular region and no significant differences were found in the other parameters in the all 18 specimens.Conclusions The femoral head trabeculae had a heterogenic distribution in OP.Bone loss in OP primarily takes place in non-compressive trabecular region.Femoral neck fracture cannot be prevented though the bone microstructure do not loss in the primary compressive trabecular region.Tb.Th.in the femoral head could be an interesting parameter which is closely related to the femoral neck fracture.     

Wiltse入路微创与开放经椎间孔椎间融合术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的比较

目的 比较Wiltse入路微创经椎间孔椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)与开放经椎间孔椎间融合术(TLIF) 治疗腰椎退行性疾病的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2011年3月—2014年6月南京医科大学附属无锡人民医院骨科,因单节段腰椎退行性疾病分别行Wiltse入路MIS-TLIF(MIS-TLIF组)和开放TLIF(TLIF组)治疗的82例患者临床资料,其中MIS-TLIF组36例,TLIF组46例。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后下床活动时间、术后并发症发生率、术后1年椎间融合率,以及术前和术后第1、3天肌酸激酶(CK)水平,术前及术后1年疼痛VAS评分及ODI。结果 MIS-TLIF组平均手术时间、术中出血量、术后下床活动时间、术后第3天CK水平均少/低于开放TLIF组,差异均有统计学意义( P值均＜0.01) 。术后两组并发症发生率及术后1年椎间融合率差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05) 。术后1年两组VAS评分、ODI功能障碍指数均较术前降低,差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.01) ,术前及术后1年两组间差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05) 。结论 Wiltse入路微创腰椎椎体间融合手术是治疗腰椎退变性疾病的有效方法,并能减少手术创伤及术中出血量,使得患者可以早期康复。     

影响直腿抬高试验的多因素分析

历史回顾。考证直腿抬高试验的出处及检查方法,纠正直腿抬高试验与Ｌａｓｅｇｕｅ征混为一谈的错误观点。对影响直腿抬高试验的多因素进行分析。方法：１９９０～１９９７年５０５例椎间盘突出病例的直腿抬高试验的影响因素进行回归分析。结果：直腿抬高试验与急慢性病程、椎间盘突出率、侧隐窝狭窄、椎间盘突出位置（中央型、侧旁型）、间歇性跛行距离等相关。而与年龄、性别、族别（汉族与维、哈、回族比较）、椎间盘突出大小、单或多间隙突出、侧旁突出的根前、根腋、根肩型不相关。比较Ｌ４．５、Ｌ５Ｓ１椎间盘突出的直腿抬高试验度数。二者存在显著性差异,Ｐ＜０．０１。结论：影响直腿抬高试验相关因素为：急慢性病程、椎间盘突出率、侧隐窝狭窄程度、椎间盘突出位置及间歇性跛行距离。