基因型明确的17 α-羟化酶/17,20-裂解酶缺陷症杂合子肾上腺皮质功能的研究

目的 明确携带CYP17A1基因突变的杂合子个体肾上腺类固醇激素合成功能.方法 对17α-羟化酶和17,20-裂解酶缺陷(17OHD)5个家系的8例患者和14例家系成员,通过PCR产物直接测序的方法来鉴定CYP17A1基因突变,并测定CYP17A1基因突变携带者与45名年龄、性别匹配的正常个体在ACTH兴奋前后肾上腺皮质激素的变化.结果 发现5个家系14例CYP17A1基因突变的携带者中,7例为D487_F489del,6例为Y329fs,1例为H373L.杂合携带者基础和ACTH刺激后的皮质醇水平均低于正常对照,而兴奋后的皮质酮水平高于正常.杂合子的皮质酮与皮质醇的比值在ACTH兴奋前后皆高于正常对照.而男性杂合子在ACTH兴奋前后孕酮水平以及孕酮与17-羟孕酮比值也均都高于正常对照.D487_F489del和Y329fs两组杂合子之间的激素水平无显著差异.结论 与CYP21A2基因突变的携带者体内的21-羟化酶活性轻度受损相类似,CYP17A1基因突变杂合携带者的肾上腺类固醇激素合成已有异常.     

吡格列酮对2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素与胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的探讨吡格列酮对2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素水平及胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法2型糖尿病患者45例,两组年龄、性别匹配,按随机双盲法分为吡格列酮组（22例）和安慰剂组（23例）,干预治疗12周后比较其血清脂联素、游离脂肪酸（FFA）水平,同时测血糖、血压、血脂、身高、体重、腰围、臀围,计算体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比值（WHR）、空腹胰岛素（Fins）和胰岛13细胞功能（HOMA-IR）。结果治疗前两组的脂联素、游离脂肪酸水平无明显差别,经吡格列酮治疗后,患者血糖、胰岛素抵抗明显改善（P〈0．05）,血清脂联素水平显著升高（P〈0．05）,血清FFA水平下降（P〈0．05）,血清脂联素升高与FFA下降无显著相关性（P〉0．05）。结论吡格列酮除改善血糖及胰岛素抵抗外,还可使血清脂联素水平升高,FFA水平降低,提示吡格列酮可能通过降低FFA、升高脂联素水平改善2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗。     

Clinical and molecular genetic analysis for 7 patients from 5 pedigrees with 17α-hydroxylase/17, 20 lyase deficiency

Objective To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of 7 patients from 5 families with 17α-hydroxylase/17, 20 lyase deficiency (17OHD) and the CYP17A1 mutation in Chinese. Methods Clinical features and laboratory data were collected from 5 families with 17OHD. PCR direct sequencing was performed to screen the mutation of CYP17A1 gene of the patients. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) and sequencing were performed to screen the mutations of CYP17A1 gene in 288 healthy individuals from Shandong province. Results Seven patients (5 of them were 46, XX; 2 were 46, XY) had typical clinical presentation of sexual infantilism, hypertension and hypokalemia. Hormone profile indicated decreased plasma cotisol and sex hormones, and elevated blood adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). TAC329AA and H373L in exon 6 and D487_ F489del in exon 8 were identified from the patients. One heterozygote for D487_F489del was identified in 288 healthy controls. Conclusion The TAC329AA and D487_F489del of the CYP17A1 gene were the most frequent mutations in Chinese with 17OHD. There might be certain frequency of heterozygotes for D487_ F489del in Chinese population.     

Clinical and molecular genetic analysis for 7 patients from 5 pedigrees with 17α-hydroxylase/17, 20 lyase deficiency

Objective To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of 7 patients from 5 families with 17α-hydroxylase/17, 20 lyase deficiency (17OHD) and the CYP17A1 mutation in Chinese. Methods Clinical features and laboratory data were collected from 5 families with 17OHD. PCR direct sequencing was performed to screen the mutation of CYP17A1 gene of the patients. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) and sequencing were performed to screen the mutations of CYP17A1 gene in 288 healthy individuals from Shandong province. Results Seven patients (5 of them were 46, XX; 2 were 46, XY) had typical clinical presentation of sexual infantilism, hypertension and hypokalemia. Hormone profile indicated decreased plasma cotisol and sex hormones, and elevated blood adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). TAC329AA and H373L in exon 6 and D487_ F489del in exon 8 were identified from the patients. One heterozygote for D487_F489del was identified in 288 healthy controls. Conclusion The TAC329AA and D487_F489del of the CYP17A1 gene were the most frequent mutations in Chinese with 17OHD. There might be certain frequency of heterozygotes for D487_ F489del in Chinese population.     

脂粘素的研究现状

脂粘素（Adiponectin，GBP28，apM1）是最近发现的一种由脂肪组织分泌的胶原样蛋白质，其编码基因位于人染色体3q27，称apM1基因。初步研究显示：脂粘素具有抗动脉粥样硬化、改善胰岛素抵抗、抗炎等作用，血浆脂粘素水平降低与动脉粥样硬化、肥胖症、2型糖尿病的发病相关，但其具体作用机制尚未明确。     

MTRR基因多态性与2型糖尿病合并大血管病变的相关研究

目的研究蛋氨酸合成酶还原酶(MTRR)基因多态性与2型糖尿病合并大血管病变的关系.方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)法对175例正常人群、240例2型糖尿病、176例2型糖尿病合并大血管病变(脑梗塞104例、合并冠心病61例、糖尿病足11例)、87例非糖尿病的大血管病变组人群MTRR的A66G进行基因分析.比较上述各组基因型和等位基因频率分布有无差异.结果 4组间等位基因频率分布差异无显著性 (P>0.05),但基因型频率分布差异有显著性 (P<0.05),其中2型糖尿病和2型糖尿病合并大血管病变组AA基因型频率低于正常人群和单纯大血管病变组(P<0.05),AG基因型频率高于正常人群和单纯大血管病变组(P<0.05).结论 MTRR A66G基因多态性可能与2型糖尿病及2型糖尿病合并大血管的发生相关,AG基因型可能是2型糖尿病、2型糖尿病合并大血管病变的危险因素,AA基因型可能是其保护因素.     

2型糖尿病患者踝肱指数与脑梗死的相关性分析

目的 测定2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者合并与非合并脑梗死患者的踝肱指数（ABI），探讨ABI与T2DM合并脑梗死的相关性。方法 选取2016年1月至2017年1月在安徽医科大学第一附属医院内分泌科住院的358例T2DM患者为研究对象。按是否合并脑梗死将患者分为T2DM组182例和T2DM合并脑梗死（T2DM+CI）组176例，测定两组患者的ABI，记录和收集患者一般情况、血糖及生化常规等相关资料。采用Pearson相关分析、多元线性回归分析以及logistic回归分析进行临床资料以及脑梗死与ABI的相关性分析。结果 T2DM组与T2DM+CI组ABI分级差异有统计学意义，且T2DM+CI组中ABI分级B组和C组比例显著高于T2DM组（P均<0.05）。Pearson相关分析显示，ABI与年龄、糖尿病病程、收缩压、空腹血糖、HbA1c呈负相关（r值分别为-0.230、-0.152、-0.108、-0.120、-0.143，P均<0.05）；多元线性回归分析显示，年龄、糖尿病病程、收缩压是ABI的独立危险因素；logistic回归分析显示，与正常ABI患者相比，轻度梗阻患者、中-重度梗阻患者脑梗死的患病风险均增加（OR值分别为1.34、2.23，P均<0.05）。结论 T2DM患者脑梗死的发病风险与ABI降低密切相关。     

Clinical and molecular genetic analysis for 7 patients from 5 pedigrees with 17α-hydroxylase/17, 20 lyase deficiency

Objective To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of 7 patients from 5 families with 17α-hydroxylase/17, 20 lyase deficiency (17OHD) and the CYP17A1 mutation in Chinese. Methods Clinical features and laboratory data were collected from 5 families with 17OHD. PCR direct sequencing was performed to screen the mutation of CYP17A1 gene of the patients. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) and sequencing were performed to screen the mutations of CYP17A1 gene in 288 healthy individuals from Shandong province. Results Seven patients (5 of them were 46, XX; 2 were 46, XY) had typical clinical presentation of sexual infantilism, hypertension and hypokalemia. Hormone profile indicated decreased plasma cotisol and sex hormones, and elevated blood adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). TAC329AA and H373L in exon 6 and D487_ F489del in exon 8 were identified from the patients. One heterozygote for D487_F489del was identified in 288 healthy controls. Conclusion The TAC329AA and D487_F489del of the CYP17A1 gene were the most frequent mutations in Chinese with 17OHD. There might be certain frequency of heterozygotes for D487_ F489del in Chinese population.