嗜酸粒细胞性食管炎临床病理分析

目的探讨疑难食管溃疡性病变——嗜酸粒细胞性食管炎患者临床病理学表现及免疫组化特点。方法对9例术后诊为嗜酸粒细胞性食管炎患者标本进行临床病理学分析,采用HE染色、甲苯胺蓝染色、硫堇染色及免疫组化S-P法染色等。结果9例嗜酸粒细胞性食管炎病变特征均呈溃疡型改变,溃疡及其周围黏膜各层及肉芽组织中,见到未释放型和释放型2种肥大细胞;嗜酸粒细胞集中区也是肥大细胞聚集区。结论本病的发生与变态反应有关,病变过程中可形成溃疡,手术前易误诊为食管癌。     

乳腺癌中转录因子DLX4与EMT相关蛋白的表达及意义

目的 探讨转录因子DLX4与上皮细胞-间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)相关蛋白在乳腺癌组织和乳腺细胞系中的表达及其相关性。方法 收集100例乳腺癌及对应癌旁组织标本,采用免疫组化SP法和Western blot法检测乳腺癌组织和乳腺细胞系中DLX4与EMT相关蛋白E-cadherin和vimentin的表达,并分析三者与乳腺癌临床病理特征的关系。结果 乳腺癌组织中DLX4和vimentin阳性率(68.0%和53.0%)显著高于癌旁组织(22.0%和28.0%)(P0.05),乳腺癌组织中E-cadherin阳性率(32.0%)显著低于癌旁组织(76.0%)(P0.05)。Western blot法检测结果显示,在高侵袭性乳腺癌细胞系中DLX4、vimentin均呈高表达,E-cadherin呈低表达;DLX4、E-cadherin及vimentin的表达与乳腺癌TNM分期和淋巴结转移相关。Spearman相关分析结果显示,乳腺癌中DLX4与E-cadherin表达呈负相关(r_s=-0.505,P=0.000),DLX4与vimentin表达呈正相关(r_s=0.165,P=0.016)。结论 乳腺癌中转录因子DLX4与E-cadherin表达呈负相关,与vimentin表达呈正相关,可能存在调控关系,从而促进乳腺癌的局部侵袭和远处转移。     

Toll样受体2/4在非哺乳期乳腺炎组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨Toll样受体2(TLR2)和Toll样受体4(TLR4)在不同病理类型及不同临床分期非哺乳期乳腺炎(NPM)中的表达及其意义。 方法本研究为回顾性研究。选取2012年1月至2017年1月在南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院行手术治疗的141例NPM患者及10例乳腺纤维瘤患者(对照组)的病理切片进行TLR2、TLR4表达水平的免疫组织化学检测。根据术后病理结果将NPM分为肉芽肿性乳腺炎(GM)59例，浆细胞性乳腺炎(PCM)50例，其他类型乳腺炎32例，并将其中GM、PCM与对照组进行对比研究。根据临床分期将141例患者分为急性期(21例)、亚急性期(72例)、慢性期(48例)，并与对照组进行对比研究。通过检测TLR2、TLR4在不同病理类型及不同临床分期NPM中的表达水平，同时结合临床资料进行统计分析。多组间TLR2、TLR4表达水平的比较采用单因素方差分析，方差整齐时两两比较采用LSD法，方差不齐时两两比较采用Tamhane’s法；GM与PCM患者临床特征的比较采用χ²检验。 结果GM组TLR2、TLR4表达水平分别为15.82±4.96和27.27±7.70，PCM组TLR2、TLR4表达水平分别为15.29±4.14和26.25±6.63，对照组TLR2、TLR4表达水平分别为6.12±0.81和6.40±1.18。3组相比，TLR2、TLR4表达水平的差异均有统计学意义(F＝21.613、39.746，P均<0.001)，其中GM、PCM组TLR2、TLR4表达水平均高于对照组(P均<0.050)。并且，急性期、亚急性期、慢性期NPM及对照组患者相比，TLR2、TLR4表达水平的差异均有统计学意义(F＝190.112、246.965，P均<0.001)，其中急性期NPM患者TLR2、TLR4表达水平分别为23.65±2.32和40.10±2.22，高于亚急性期NPM的12.35±2.44和23.14±4.56(P均<0.001)，也高于慢性期NPM的17.19±2.36和29.36±2.17(P均<0.001)。与PCM患者相比，GM患者下肢结节红斑的发生率较高[28.8%(17/59)比12.0%(6/50)，χ²＝4.596，P＝0.032]。 结论TLR2和TLR4在急性期NPM中显著高表达，TLR2、TLR4信号途径可能参与NPM的发生、发展；GM与PCM患者的下肢结节红斑发生率存在差异。     

细胞学检查在中老年乳腺导管内病变诊断的意义

大部分乳腺恶性肿瘤的发生起源于导管上皮,随着科学的进步与科学技术的发展,导管上皮的早期病变已受到关注,本研究试图通过观察中老年人乳腺导管上皮以寻求早期诊断方法.通过对导管内视镜下导管上皮进行收集,行各种细胞学检查,认为液基细胞学检查更具有优势,对常见的乳腺疾病,如乳腺导管扩张症、乳管炎、乳腺导管内乳头状瘤、癌前病变、乳腺癌等都具有较高的诊断价值,尤其对癌前病变在未形成肿块之前可通过细胞学检查确诊,可作为老年乳腺疾病普查的好方法.     

8例特殊原因腰腿痛临床病理分析

8例患者均无明显诱因出现腰腿痛不适,大腿后侧深部刺痛1～4年不等.作CT检查发现腰椎管内占位.我们选8例资料完整的少见病例,对其临床特点进行讨论,以引起临床重视[1].     

The correlation between chemotherapeutic efficacy and breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 and class Ⅲ β-tubulin protein expression in non-small cell lung cancer patients

Objective To investigate the predictive value of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) and class Ⅲβ-tubulin protein expression in tumor tissue for the efficacy of taxol and cisplatin combined chemotherapy (TP) in stage Ⅲβ/Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients. Methods A total of 92 stage Ⅲβ/Ⅳ NSCLC patients were recruited with 87 patients evaluated. Bronchoscopy or lung puncture tumor biopsy samples were obtained with BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin protein expression examined immunohistochemically before chemotherapy. The patients were randomly assigned to be received 4 to 6 cycles of TP chemotherapy regiments and followed up until death or lost. Response rate (RR) , overall survival (OS) and time to tumor progression (TTP) were assessed. Results Among the 87 evaluated patients, the positive expression rates of BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin were 57. 5% (50/87) and 48. 3%(42/87) respectively. There was no significant difference in clinical characteristics among patients with different positive expression rate. According to different expression of BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin, the patients were divided into four groups: group A (low expression of both BRCA1 and class 1 p-tubulin) ,group B (high expression of both BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin) , group C (high expression of only BRCA1) and group D (high expression of only class Ⅲβ-tubulin). The RR was higher in group A than other three groups (60. 7% , 34. 8% , 9/19 and 6/17 respectively). The OS and TTP were longer in group A than other three groups [OS: (539. 4 ± 17. 6) days, (267. 2 ± 20. 5) days, (325. 6 ± 24. 1) days and (283.7±26.2) days respectively ; TTP: (256. 9 ± 28. 4) days, (143.8±17.6) days, (179. 3 ± 19. 8)days and (152. 6 ±23. 5) days respectively]. There were no significant differences among the other three groups. Conclusions The expression level of BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin in tumor tissue is probably a predictor for the efficacy of TP chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. TP chemotherapy is more suitable for the NSCLC patients with lower expression of both BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin. Our study may provide a new sight for tailored chemotherapy in NSCLC patients.     

非小细胞肺癌患者肿瘤组织乳腺癌易感基因1和β微管蛋白Ⅲ表达及其与化疗疗效的关系

目的 观察肿瘤组织乳腺癌易感基因1(BRCA1)、β微管蛋白Ⅲ表达与ⅢB和(或)Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)采用紫杉醇联合顺铂(TP)方案化疗疗效的相关性.方法 入选初治、NSCLC临床TNM分期为ⅢB和(或)Ⅳ期、体能状态(PS)评分0～2分、预计生存期≥3个月的患者入选本研究.入选者均进行TP方案化疗,每3周重复,每2个周期评价1次疗效,共4～6个周期,无效者更换二线化疗方案.免疫组化检测肿瘤组织中BRCA1、β微管蛋白Ⅲ表达.根据BRCA1、β微管蛋白Ⅲ表达高低分为A组(BRCA1、β微管蛋白Ⅲ低表达)、B组(BRCA1、β微管蛋白Ⅲ高表达)、C组(BRCA1高表达,β微管蛋白Ⅲ低表达),D组(BRCA1低表达,B微管蛋白Ⅲ高表达).评价疗效指标:客观反应率(RR)、总生存时间(OS)、至肿瘤进展时间(TTP).结果 (1)人组87例ⅢB/Ⅳ期NSCLC患者,BRCA1、β微管蛋白Ⅲ表达阳性率分别为57.5%(50/87)、48.3%(42/87),BRCA1、β微管蛋白Ⅲ不同表达的NSCLC患者间临床特征比较差异无统计学意义.(2)87例患者中A组28例,B组23例,C组19例,D组17例.化疗前4组患者间的临床特征比较差异无统计学意义.4组患者RR分别为60.7%、34.8%、9/19、6/17;OS分别为(539.4±17.6)d、(267.2±20.5)d、(325.6±24.1)d、(283.7±26.2)d;TTP分别为(256.9±28.4)d、(143.8±17.6)d、(179.3±19.8)d、(152.6±23.5)d.方差分析显示,A组的RR、OS、TTP均优于其他3组,差异有统计学意义(P值分别为0.039、0.000和0.000).结论 BRCA1、β微管蛋白Ⅲ可作为TP方案疗效的预测分子;仅BRCA1、β微管蛋白Ⅲ低表达的NSCLC患者,可能是TP化疗方案的优势人群.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the predictive value of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) and class Ⅲβ-tubulin protein expression in tumor tissue for the efficacy of taxol and cisplatin combined chemotherapy (TP) in stage Ⅲβ/Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients. Methods A total of 92 stage Ⅲβ/Ⅳ NSCLC patients were recruited with 87 patients evaluated. Bronchoscopy or lung puncture tumor biopsy samples were obtained with BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin protein expression examined immunohistochemically before chemotherapy. The patients were randomly assigned to be received 4 to 6 cycles of TP chemotherapy regiments and followed up until death or lost. Response rate (RR) , overall survival (OS) and time to tumor progression (TTP) were assessed. Results Among the 87 evaluated patients, the positive expression rates of BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin were 57. 5% (50/87) and 48. 3%(42/87) respectively. There was no significant difference in clinical characteristics among patients with different positive expression rate. According to different expression of BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin, the patients were divided into four groups: group A (low expression of both BRCA1 and class 1 p-tubulin) ,group B (high expression of both BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin) , group C (high expression of only BRCA1) and group D (high expression of only class Ⅲβ-tubulin). The RR was higher in group A than other three groups (60. 7% , 34. 8% , 9/19 and 6/17 respectively). The OS and TTP were longer in group A than other three groups [OS: (539. 4 ± 17. 6) days, (267. 2 ± 20. 5) days, (325. 6 ± 24. 1) days and (283.7±26.2) days respectively ; TTP: (256. 9 ± 28. 4) days, (143.8±17.6) days, (179. 3 ± 19. 8)days and (152. 6 ±23. 5) days respectively]. There were no significant differences among the other three groups. Conclusions The expression level of BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin in tumor tissue is probably a predictor for the efficacy of TP chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. TP chemotherapy is more suitable for the NSCLC patients with lower expression of both BRCA1 and class Ⅲβ-tubulin. Our study may provide a new sight for tailored chemotherapy in NSCLC patients.     

幽门螺旋杆菌感染对胃粘膜病变的临床、病理观察

目的：评价幽门螺旋杆菌(HP)对胃粘膜病变的影响。方法：对6年前胃粘膜嗜银染色确诊为HP感染的患者56例，采用根治HP后复查HP及胃粘膜病理改变。HP阴性者32例，仅复查胃粘膜病理改变。结果：56例HP阳性患者中，32例经抗HP治疗4周后转阴，14例仍为HP阳性并对6年间3次胃镜病理检查进行比较一年后复查胃镜病理，在HP阳性组中胃粘膜肠上皮化生加重的患者增加，而HP阴性组无1例加重。结论：根除HP感染可以减轻患者炎症程度，同时阻止胃粘膜肠上皮化生的发展。     

基因芯片筛选食管鳞癌患者癌及切缘组织差异表达基因

[目的]探讨食管鳞癌（ESCC）患者癌组织的基因表达谱,进一步寻找在ESCC及切缘组织中差异表达的基因。[方法]取3例无ESCC家族史患者癌及切缘组织等量混合．抽提RNA,将RNA逆转录合成相应cDNA,以Cy5和Cy3标记cDNA作为探针,在含有14000点人类基因组芯片（BiostarH-140s）上进行杂交。用scanarray4000扫描仪扫描芯片荧光信号图象．用GenePix Pro3．0软件对扫描图象进行数字化处理和分析．[结果]依Ratio（cy5／cy3）〉2．0或〈0．5的数据项为差异表达的基因分别为1855个。含表达序列标签fESn844个,下调基因378个,上调基因466个。在1011个已知功能的基冈巾,下调基因560个．上调基因451个。包含各类功能基因．同时与6例具家族史ESCC组织差异基因进行了初步分析．结果初步表明有和无家族史患者基因表达谱不完全相同．经与NCBI基因库比对．有8个基因相同,且异常表达与报道相符,[结论]基因芯片是一高效筛选食管癌相关基因的方法。在ESCC的发生、发展中,存在着大量异常表达基因．