保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术

目的 行胰体尾切除对保留脾脏。方法 回顾性总结８年来保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术１９例，全组根据术中所见分为脾动静脉连同胰体尾切除及保留脾动脉，脾脏的胰体尾切除，１９例患者分别为胰腺囊腺瘤８例，胰腺假性囊肿２例，胰岛素瘤３例，胰腺外伤６例。结果术后观察及随访主要指标为白细胞吞噬试验，脾脏ＣＴ，Ｂ超及＾９９ｍＴｃ扫描等，除１例术后脾脏一过性血供不良外，其余１８例术后效果均满意。结论 作胰体尾切除时可保留     

硫化氢与急性胰腺炎的研究进展

急性胰腺炎(AP)是一种病情凶险、治疗棘手、并发症多的外科常见急腹症,病死率高.作为第三代气体信号分子,硫化氢(H_2S)在缺血一再灌注损伤、感染性休克及神经源性炎症等多种炎性疾病的发生、发展中均发挥了重要的生理调控作用,且具有分子量小、传播迅速、生物学功能起效快和作用广泛等优点.本文就H_2S在AP中的研究进展做一综述.     

二氢青蒿素对胰腺癌生长的抑制作用

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor activity of dihydroartemisinin in pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Methods For cultured cells,cell growth was determined by the MTT assay and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis stained with Annexin V-FITG/PI. The protein expression in BxPC-3 cells was analyzed by Western blot assay. BxPC-3 cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice to establish pancreatic xenograft tumors and the tumor volume was monitored after exposure to dihydroartemisinin. Ki-67 staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis in tumor tissue. Results After treatment by dihydroartemisinin in vitro, the proliferative inhibition rates of pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 and AsPC-1 reached up to (76.2 ± 3.5) % and (79.5 ± 2.9) %, and the apoptosis rates were up to (55.5 ± 3.2)% and (40.0 ± 3.5)%, the differences were significantly (P ＜ 0.01) compared with control [(2.0 ± 1.3) % and (0.9 ± 0.4) %]. Dihydroartemisinin inhibited the growth of pancreatic xenograft tumors in nude mice. The proliferation index and apoptusis index were (49.1 ± 3.9)% and (50.2 ± 4.4)% respectively in dihydroarternisinin 50 mg/kg treatment group, compared to those of (72.1 ± 3.3) % and (9.4 ± 2.9) % in control, the differences were significantly (P ＜0.01). Western blot assay indicated that dihydroartemisinin up-regulates expression of proliferation-associated protein p21WAF1 and down-regulates expression of PCNA, increases expression of apoptosis-associated protein Bax and decreases expression of Bcl-2 and activates caspase-9 in BxPC-3 cells. Conclusions Dihydroartemisinin exerts anti-tumor activity in pancreatic cancer both in vitro and in vivo by proliferation inhibition and apoptusis induction. Dihydroartemisinin can be used as a potential anti-tumor drug in pancreatic cancer.     

重症急性胰腺炎并发胰性脑病的临床分析(附21例报告)

胰性脑病(pancreatic encephalopathy，PE)是重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)的少见并发症。现将我院收治的21例PE病人报告如下。     

胰腺损伤性胰瘘35例临床分析

目的:探讨胰腺损伤性胰痿的防治原则与措施.方法:回顾性分析131例胰腺外伤患者的临床资料,对术后35例并发胰瘘患者行"损伤控制性"手术(damage control surgery,DCS)并实施围手术期综合治疗方案.结果:35例胰瘘患者中3例经引流管造影显示形成内瘘自愈,9例术后形成胰腺假性囊肿行Roux-on-Y囊肿空肠内引流术,2例因MODS、腹腔感染死亡,其余患者均治愈.随访3个月～5年,出院患者无因胰瘘并发症等相关因素死亡者.结论:胰腺损伤性胰瘘的防治需全方位考虑实施DCS及围手术期综合治疗方案,既要有效控制原发损伤,又要积极预防并发症.     

胰十二指肠切除术后胰漏的影响因素分析

目的 探讨影响胰十二指肠切除术(PD)后胰漏发生的相关影响因素.方法 回顾性分析2007年1月至2012年3月323例PD患者的临床资料,其中男性185例,女性138例;年龄27～82岁.根据是否发生胰漏分为胰漏组52例及非胰漏组271例.对围手术期可能产生胰漏的20个相关因素,如年龄、性别、原发疾病、酗酒史、胆管炎、胆红素、清蛋白、血红蛋白等进行单因素分析及非条件Logistic多因素分析.结果 全部323例PD术后总并发症发生率30.3％(98/323),病死率3.7％(12/323),其中胰漏发生率16.1％(52/323),因胰漏死亡7例.单因素分析显示,两组间原发疾病、术前胆红素、术中出血量、输血量、胰腺质地、胰管直径、胰管支架引流方式、专业组差异有统计学意义(x2=4.072 ～9.008,P＜0.05).多因素分析显示:原发病(OR= 2.091,P=0.001)、胰腺质地(OR=7.715,P=0.040)、胰管直径(OR=5.405,P=0.006)、胰管支架引流方式(OR =4.313,P=0.001)及专业组(OR =6.404,P =0.006)是胰漏的独立危险因素.结论 原发疾病、胰腺质地、胰管直径、胰管支架引流方式及专业组是胰漏发生的独立危险因素.手术精准操作,术中放置胰管支架外引流,成立胰腺外科专业组能够有效降低胰漏的发生率.     

二氢青蒿素对胰腺癌生长的抑制作用

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor activity of dihydroartemisinin in pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Methods For cultured cells,cell growth was determined by the MTT assay and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis stained with Annexin V-FITG/PI. The protein expression in BxPC-3 cells was analyzed by Western blot assay. BxPC-3 cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice to establish pancreatic xenograft tumors and the tumor volume was monitored after exposure to dihydroartemisinin. Ki-67 staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis in tumor tissue. Results After treatment by dihydroartemisinin in vitro, the proliferative inhibition rates of pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 and AsPC-1 reached up to (76.2 ± 3.5) % and (79.5 ± 2.9) %, and the apoptosis rates were up to (55.5 ± 3.2)% and (40.0 ± 3.5)%, the differences were significantly (P ＜ 0.01) compared with control [(2.0 ± 1.3) % and (0.9 ± 0.4) %]. Dihydroartemisinin inhibited the growth of pancreatic xenograft tumors in nude mice. The proliferation index and apoptusis index were (49.1 ± 3.9)% and (50.2 ± 4.4)% respectively in dihydroarternisinin 50 mg/kg treatment group, compared to those of (72.1 ± 3.3) % and (9.4 ± 2.9) % in control, the differences were significantly (P ＜0.01). Western blot assay indicated that dihydroartemisinin up-regulates expression of proliferation-associated protein p21WAF1 and down-regulates expression of PCNA, increases expression of apoptosis-associated protein Bax and decreases expression of Bcl-2 and activates caspase-9 in BxPC-3 cells. Conclusions Dihydroartemisinin exerts anti-tumor activity in pancreatic cancer both in vitro and in vivo by proliferation inhibition and apoptusis induction. Dihydroartemisinin can be used as a potential anti-tumor drug in pancreatic cancer.     

恶性梗阻性黄疸伴急性化脓性胆管炎一期行胰十二指肠切除术的可行性分析

目的对恶性梗阻性黄疸伴急性化脓性胆管炎一期行胰十二指肠切除术进行可行性分析。方法回顾分析我院1999年至2004年施行PD手术治疗恶性梗阻性黄疸病人128例，其中，PD手术治疗恶性梗阻性黄疸伴Asc24例（A组），PD手术治疗不伴有Asc病例104例（B组）。术前按Knaus法计算每例APACHEⅢ评分，对比分析两组术后并发症的发生率和死亡率，以及APACHEⅢ不同计分段下死亡率的差异。结果A组术后并发症发生率为45．8％，死亡率8．3％；B组术后并发症发生率为34．6％，死亡率7．7％。两组术后并发症发生率有显著性差异（P〈O．05），死亡率无显著性差异（P〉O．05）。APACHEⅢ计分段分别为40分以下、41～70分、71分以上统计死亡率，两组死亡率差异无显著性（P〉O．05），组内比较，不同计分段死亡率有显著性差异（P％0．05）。结论恶性梗阻性黄疸伴ASC病例术前全面和客观的评估、及时的手术探查和决断、术中的精细操作和围手术期的综合处理是保证一期PD术良好预后的决定因素。     

加速康复外科在肝癌肝切除术中的临床应用研究

目的 研究加速康复外科(ERAS)在肝癌肝切除术中的临床应用效果及价值.方法 回顾性研究哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院普外科2013年6月-2015年6月肝癌行肝切除术患者172例,其中ERAS组92例,对照组80例,比较分析两组患者术后肝功能指标(ALT、AST、TBIL)、营养免疫指标(ALB、PA、淋巴细胞计数)、术后并发症、术后康复及卫生经济学等相关指标.结果 肝功能指标:ERAS组患者术后1、7天ALT、AST及TBIL水平分别为(216.3 ±141.7) U/L、(70.1 ±29.4) U/L;(184.0± 155.8) U/L、(39.1±17.5) U/L;(22.4±8.7) μmol/L、(20.0±7.5) μmol/L,对照组分别为(304.5±226.2) U/L、(83.9±48.5) U/L;(294.1±273.0) U/L、(49.2±33.8) U/L;(26.9±15.6) μmol/L、(24.6±10.8) μmol/L,两组比较差异有统计学意义(F=9.33,9.84,9.26,P＜0.05).营养免疫指标:ERAS组患者术后第7天ALB、PA水平分别为(35.3 ±4.4)g/L、(136.3±34.1)mg/L,对照组为(33.6±4.2) g/L、(108.0±32.5) mg/L,两组比较差异有统计学意义(F=4.97,4.54,P＜0.05);ERAS组患者术后1、7天淋巴细胞计数为(0.9±0.3)×109/L、(1.5±0.5)×109/L,对照组为(0.7±0.3)×109/L、(1.3±0.5)×109/L,两组比较差异有统计学意义(F=7.37,P ＜0.05).手术并发症:ERAS组患者术后出血0例,胆漏2例,肝功能障碍2例,感染3例;对照组术后出血3例,胆漏1例,肝功能障碍2例,感染3例,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);腹水ERAS组11例,对照组23例,差异有统计学意义(x2=7.609,P＜0.05).术后康复及卫生经济学指标:ERAS组离床活动时间、排气时间、术后住院时间及住院总费用分别为(1.7±0.5)d、(2.3±0.6)d、(9.8±2.3)d、(4.6±0.9)万元,对照组分别为(3.0±0.7)d、(3.4±0.8)d、(17.6±5.8)d、(6.3±2.1)万元,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(t=13.032,10.937,11.371,7.118,P＜O.05).结论 ERAS应用于肝癌肝切除术围手术期管理是安全有效的,它不仅有效地减少了患者应激反应,促进术后肝功能的恢复,改善术后营养免疫状态,而且缩短了术后住院时间,降低了住院总费用,具有显著的卫生经济学效应和社会效应.     

胰腺癌的易感因素和癌前病变

胰腺癌具有临床症状隐匿、病情进展快、早期诊断困难、预后差等特点.在全球范围内,病死率与发病率之比高达0.991[1].在过去的几十年里,胰腺癌的治疗方法以及患者生存时间并未得到明显的提高和改善.现就胰腺癌相关易感因素和癌前病变综述如下.