碳酸锂对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠海马蛋白激酶A和蛋白激酶C表达的影响

  目的 研究碳酸锂对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠海马蛋白激酶A（PKA）和蛋白激酶C（PKC）表达的影响。方法 将大鼠随机分为抑郁模型组、碳酸锂组和对照组。模型组和碳酸锂组给予21 d的应激刺激,此期间对照组正常饲养,刺激期间碳酸锂组每天灌胃给予碳酸锂（60 mg/kg）,模型组和对照组每天灌胃给予等体积的生理盐水。应用open-field法和液体消耗实验进行行为学检测。采用Western blot检测各组大鼠海马PKA和PKC的表达情况。结果 应激后,模型组大鼠水平穿越格数、竖立次数、修饰次数和糖水消耗百分比均显著低于对照组,碳酸锂组水平穿越格数和糖水消耗百分比低于对照组（P0.05）。Western blot结果显示,模型组大鼠海马PKA和PKC的表达水平显著低于对照组（P0.05）。结论 碳酸锂可以逆转慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠海马中PKA和PKC表达的降低,碳酸锂对PKC表达的影响大于对PKA的影响。     

噻萘普汀与碳酸锂对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠海马pCREB表达的影响

目的 研究噻萘普汀与碳酸锂对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠海马磷酸化Camp反应元件结合蛋白(Pcreb)表达的影响.方法 将大鼠随机排列法分为抑郁模型组、噻萘普汀组、碳酸锂组和对照组.模型组、噻萘普汀组和碳酸锂组给予21 d的应激刺激,此期间对照组正常饲养,刺激期间噻萘普汀组每天灌胃噻萘普汀(50mg/kg),碳酸锂组每天灌胄碳酸锂(60mg/kg),模型组和对照组每天灌胃等体积的生理盐水.行为学检测应用open-field法和液体消耗实验.采用Western-blotting法检测各组大鼠海马Pcreb的表达情况.结果 应激后模型组水平穿越格数[(23.2±23.0)格]、竖立次数[(8.1±7.2)次]、修饰次数[(3.6±3.5)次]、糖水消耗百分比[(55.4±11.7)%]均显著低于对照组[分别为(46.0±18.9)格、(20.3±11.3)次、(8.4±2.7)次、(68.5±8.2)%;均P＜0.01].应激后噻萘普汀组水平穿越格数[(28.1±23.0)格]、竖立次数[(12.1±9.4)次]和修饰次数[(5.5±3.2)次]低于对照组(P＜0.05),与模型组差异无显著性;糖水消耗百分比[(62.7±10.6)%]与对照组差异无显著性,但高于模型组(P＜0.05).应激后碳酸锂组水平穿越格数和糖水消耗百分比低于对照组(P＜0.05),竖立次数和修饰次数低于对照组(P＜0.01),各项数值均高于模型组,但差异无显著性(P＜0.05).在Western-blotting法检测中,模型组大鼠海马Pcreb的表达水平显著低于对照组(P＜0.01);噻萘普汀组大鼠海马Pcreb的表达水平与对照组差异无显著性(P＞0.05),但显著高于模型组(P＜0.01);碳酸锂组大鼠海马Pcreb的表达水平显著低于对照组(P＜0.01).高于模型组(P＜0.01).结论 噻萘普汀可以逆转慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠海马中Pcreb表达的降低;碳酸锂可以部分逆转慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠海马中Pcreb表达的降低.

Abstract：

Objective To research the effects of tianeptine and lithium on expression of pCREB in hippocampus of chronic stress depression rats. Methods All the experimental rats were divided by random into : Group of depression,Group of tianeptine,Group of lithium and Group of control. The rats of Group of depression, Group of tianeptine and Group of lithium were applied stress for 21 days,and meanwhile Group of control had no stress. The rats of Group of tianeptine were fed with tianeptine (50 mg/kg) , Group of lithium were fed with lithium (60 mg/kg) , while another groups were fed with normal sodium of the same volume. The ethology examination was performed by using method of open-field and experiment of fluid consumption. The expression of pCREB was detected by Western-blotting method. Results After the chronic stress,the horizontal crossing numbers,the erection times,the modification times and the percentage of sacchar-consumption of the rats of Group of depression were 23.2±23.0;8. 1 ±7.2; 3.6 ±3.5 and (55.4 ±11.7)% respectively, which were less than Group of control (46.0±18.9;20.3±11.3;8.4±2.7 and (68.5 ±8.2)% ; P＜0.01). The horizontal crossing numbers(28. 1 ±23.0) ,the erection times(12. 1 ± 9.4) and the modification times(5.5 ±3.2) of Group of tianeptine are less than those of Group of control (P ＜ 0. 05), but no significant difference compared with Group of depression; the percentage of sacchar-consumption(62.7 ± 10.6) % ,Group of tianeptine was more than Group of depression (P＜ 0.05 ) , but no obvious difference with Group of control. The horizontal crossing numbers, the erection times, the modification times and the percentage of sacchar-consumption of Group of lithium were less than those of Group of control (P ＜ 0.05), more than those of Group of depression but no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05). In Westernblotting method,the level of pCREB in the hippocampus of Group of depression was less than that of Group of control (P＜ 0.01); that of Group of tianeptine was more than that of Group of depression (P ＜ 0.01) but no obvious difference with Group of control; that of Group of lithium was less than that of Group of control (P＜0. 01) and more than Group of depression (P＜0.01). Conclusion Tianeptine could reverse the reduction of expression of pCREB in hippocampus of chronic stress depression rats and lithium partly did it.     

中美两国6 种基本面部表情识别的跨文化研究

 目的对中美两国健康成年人对愉快、愤怒、恐惧、悲伤、厌恶和中性6 种情绪面部表情的识别率进行跨文化研究。方
法对82 名中国健康志愿者和61 名美国健康志愿者进行情绪面孔识别测试。结果中国人对厌恶、恐惧和愉快表情的识别
率明显低于美国人,美国人对于男性愤怒和女性悲伤面孔的识别率显著高于中国人。结论了解情绪面孔识别的文化差异和
相容性,可以使我们更好地揭示人类共同的情绪产生的物质基础,并帮助我们更好地理解不同背景下人类的行为。     

首发重性抑郁障碍患者治疗前后面部表情认知的脑功能磁共振研究

目的用功能磁共振手段对首发未用药的重性抑郁障碍(MDD)患者治疗前后面部表情认知时脑功能活动的变化进行研究。方法对21例MDD患者分别在治疗前后进行脑功能磁共振扫描,比较MDD患者治疗前后进行面部表情认知时的脑激活区域差异。结果与治疗前相比,治疗后MDD患者在进行悲伤表情认知时激活显著减弱的脑区有:两侧额叶中央前回、两侧额中回、左侧顶叶中央后回和左侧扣带回;激活显著增强的脑区有:两侧顶上小叶和左侧枕中回。与治疗前相比,治疗后MDD患者在进行愉快表情认知时激活显著减弱的脑区有:左侧额中回、右侧扣带回和右侧海马旁回;激活显著增强的脑区有:右侧额下回和左侧枕叶梭状回。结论治疗前后MDD患者在进行悲伤或愉快表情认知时存在脑区激活的动态变化,说明MDD患者存在多个脑区的脑功能异常,并且这种异常能在有效的抗抑郁治疗后随着症状缓解而改善,抑郁症患者的脑功能异常可能在抑郁症的发病机制中发挥重要作用。     

糖尿病与焦虑障碍

糖尿病已是公认的心身疾病，尤其是2型糖尿病。现代医学研究表明：心理因素可通过大脑边缘系统和交感神经影响胰岛素的分泌，当人处于紧张、焦虑、恐惧或受惊吓等应激状态时，交感神经兴奋，使肾上腺素的分泌增加，间接抑制胰岛素的分泌和释放，使血糖升高；糖代谢紊乱可直接使患者产生抑郁、焦虑；稳定的情绪可以使糖尿病病情缓解，而忧郁、紧张和悲愤等情绪常导致病情加剧或恶化。     

柴芩五金汤治疗慢性结石性胆囊炎30例

目的:观察柴芩五金汤治疗慢性结石性胆囊炎的临床疗效。方法:将60例慢性结石性胆囊炎患者采用随机数字表法随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例,治疗组采用柴芩五金汤(柴胡、黄芩、郁金、金钱草、金铃子、鸡内金、海金沙、当归、川芎、制大黄、茵陈、炒白芍、枳实、生甘草)治疗,1 d 1剂,水煎服,早晚饭后半小时温服。对照组给予茴三硫胶囊治疗,25 mg/次,3次/d,口服。两组均以4周为1个疗程,共治疗1个疗程。结果:治疗组痊愈3例,显效21例,有效4例,无效2例,有效率为86.7%;对照组临床痊愈0例,显效13例,有效8例,无效9例,有效率为70.0%。两组疗效对比,差别有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗组治疗后中医症状中胸胁胀痛、心下痞满、纳差优于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:柴芩五金汤能改善慢性结石性胆囊炎的临床症状,临床疗效确切。